A single multiplex SNaPshot reaction of 42 SNPs to classify admixture populations into mitochondrial DNA haplogroups

SNaPshot minisequencing reaction is in increasing use because of its fast detection of many polymorphisms in a single assay. In this work we described a highly sensitive single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) typing method with detection of 42 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) SNPs in a single PCR and SNaPshot multiplex reaction in order to allow haplogroup classification in Latin American admixture population. We validated the panel typing 160 Brazilian individuals. DNA was extracted from blood spotted on filter paper using Chelex protocol. Forty SNPs were selected targeting haplogroup-specific mutations in Europeans, Africans and Asians (only precursors of Native Americans haplogroups A2, B2, C1, and D1) and two non-coding SNPs were chosen to increase the power of discrimination between individuals (SNPs positions 16,519 and 16,362). It was done using a modified version of a previously published multiplex SNaPshot minisequencing reaction established to resolve European haplogroups, adding SNPs targeting Africans (L0, L1, L2, L3, and L*) and Asians (A, B, C, and D) haplogroups based on SNPs described at PhyloTree.org build 2. PCR primers were designed using PerlPrimer software and checked with the Autodimer program. Thirty-three primer-pairs were used to amplify 42 SNPs. Using this panel, we were able to successfully classify 160 individuals into their correct haplogroups. Complete SNP profiles were obtained from 10. pg of total DNA. We conclude that it is possible to build and genotype more than 40 mtDNA SNPs in a single multiplex PCR and SNaPshot reaction, with sensitivity and reliability, resolving haplogroup classification in admixture populations. © 2011.

Desempenho e morfometria duodenal de frangos de corte submetidos a diferentes níveis de energia e programas de alimentação de 42 a 57 dias de idade

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the use of different energy levels and amino acid recommendations on performance, carcass yield and intestinal morphometry of broilers from 42 to 57 days of age. We used 1,600 one-day old male broilers (Cobb 500) in a completely randomized design arranged in a 2x4 factorial scheme with 3,200 and 3,600 kcal ME/kg and four different feed programs. The metabolizable energy levels and the feed programs did not determine significant differences in carcass characteristics for choosing a level of energy or a feed program, thus the energy level and the recommendations of amino acids that determine the highest cost-benefit ratio should prevail. It was observed that 3,600 kcal ME/kg resulted in some improvement on performance and morphometry of the intestinal mucosa, also the fractioning of digestible amino acid requirements during two periods resulted in worse performance and intestinal villi height.

Digestible tryptophan requirements for broilers from 22 to 42 days old

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Istmo Centroamericano: diagnóstico de la industria petrolera

Incluye Bibliografía

Efeito do gluconato de sódio e fontes de metionina sobre o desempenho, rendimento de carcaça, morfometria intestinal e densitometria óssea de frangos de corte de 22 a 42 dias de idade

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estudo da expressão de MMP-2 e MMP-9 por fibroblastos gengivais de camundongos estimulados por NaF via NF-kB, p44/42, p38 e PI3K

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

ECLAC Notes Nº 42

Latin America and the Caribbean's Trade Rises for the Second Year Running China Seeking to Strengthen Economic Ties with Latin American Countries Op-ed by José Luis Machinea: A New Phase in Regional Integration Highlights by Ricardo Ffrench-Davis: Financial Crises in Emerging Economies: Not Just Bad Luck nor Pure Contagion Indicators It's Time to Reduce the Bias Against Public Investment Recent Titles Calendar

Notas de la CEPAL Nº 42

2005: buen año para comercio de América Latina y el Caribe China busca afianzar lazos económicos con los países latinoamericanos Columna de Opinión de José Luis Machinea: Una nueva fase de la integración regional Precisiones, de Ricardo Ffrench-Davis: Crisis financieras en economías emergentes: ni mala suerte ni contagio puro Indicadores Es hora de disminuir el sesgo anti-inversión pública Publicaciones Recientes Calendario de eventos

Carta Circular de la Red de Cooperación en la Gestión Integral de Recursos Hídricos para el Desarrollo Sustentable en América Latina y el Caribe N° 42

Editorial.-- Discusión abierta: El cambio conceptual de la regulación en un escenario de prestación pública ; Políticas e institucionalidad en materia de agua potable y saneamiento ; Estrategias de desarrollo bajo en carbono en megaciudades de América Latina ; Adaptación al cambio climático de la gestión hídrica para el sector riego.-- Reuniones: Hacia una visión de la gobernanza de los recursos naturales para la igualdad ; Recursos hídricos bajo incertidumbre y riesgo al cambio climático ; Desafíos de regulación en sector de agua.-- Noticias de la red: Lecciones del acuerdo interprovincial de distribución de caudales del río Colorado ; Programa agua potable rural de Chile ; Ley orgánica de recursos hídricos, usos y aprovechamiento del agua de Ecuador.-- Noticias sobre internet y www