Literatura infantil : uma abordagem das qualidades sensíveis e inteligíveis da leitura imagética na escola

Esta dissertação discute a leitura de textos imagéticos a partir da perspectiva da educação e da semiótica visual, tratando das articulações e relações entre os elementos constitutivos da imagem em livros de literatura infantil sem texto verbal. A investigação busca revelar, na complexidade das relações existentes entre elementos estruturantes das imagens nos livros O caminho do caracol e Cena de rua, o sentido que se inscreve no texto e a possibilidade da sua leitura no meio escolar. As obras literárias para a infância veiculam a linguagem visual em junção com a verbal e propiciam experiências sensíveis e inteligíveis. A partir da teoria semiótica greimasiana, aplicando instrumentos de análise do percurso gerativo de sentido, a pesquisa demonstra que o texto imagético é estruturado por diferentes níveis de complexidade, impondo um modo de ler específico. A identificação, descrição, classificação, bem como as relações entre as categorias, nas suas dimensões cromática, eidética e topológica, levam à constatação que as qualidades plásticas da imagem organizam sistemas de linguagem, reunindo solidariamente o plano da expressão e do conteúdo, criam estruturas e geram efeitos de sentido. A imagem, então, constitui-se como objeto de significação e a ilustração presente no livro de literatura infantil, ao ser tratada como texto lisível, torna-se objeto de leitura. A complexidade desse tipo de texto aponta a necessidade da formação específica de professores para explorar a leitura escolar das linguagens visuais.

Fatores influenciadores da participação pública na tomada de decisão ambiental :o caso do programa de combate ao caramujo gigante (Achatina fulica) em Parnamirim/RN

The aim of this work is to investigate the factors which influence people s participation in the enviromental decision, in Parnamirim, Rio Grande do Norte, from the vision of the residents of that area, approaching the Plan of Control/Eradication of the African s Huge Snail (Achatina Fulica),with the jointly work of IBAMA and Municipal Town Hall of Parnamirim .The applied methodology consists of a research (Survey kind) including 395 interviews by people who live in that county, with minimum age of 18, within an universe of 124.690 residents. The choice of the county was due to a detection (made by IBAMA technicians and reported in a Technical Report) -which showed that the dangerous Snail is already spreading in 14 of 17 districts of the county-, as well as the support given by Parnamirim s Town Hall, with the implementation of the Plan Control/Eradication of the African s Huge Snail, widely known as Day C . The research tools used in that research consists of questionnaires with all sorts of questions. The results show us that most of the residents were feeling threatened by the presence of the animal as well as having had a little participation in the fight against the animal. It also shows us that residents believe that organizations (Town Hall, IBAMA and Local Community) involved are able to solve the problem and believe that the amounts which organization are supposed to take 89,4 %, 87,6% and 80,8%, in that order. As we check the results, we notice in 95%, the variety of threaten and frequency reunion and participation level

Basicladia emedii (Cladophorales, Chlorophyta): a new freshwater epilithic species from Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Schistosome/mollusk: genetic compatibility

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Differential antagonism by conotoxin p-TIA of contractions mediated by distinct alpha(1)-adrenoceptor subtypes in rat vas deferens, spleen and aorta

The ability of the conotoxin p-TIA, a 19-amino acid peptide isolated from the marine snail Conus tulipa, to antagonize contractions induced by noradrenaline through activation of alpha(1A)-adrenoceptors in rat vas deferens, alpha(1B)-adrenoceptors in rat spleen and alpha(ID)-adrenoceptors in rat aorta, and to inhibit the binding of [I-125]HEAT (2-[[beta-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]aminomethyl]-1-tetralone) to membranes of human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells expressing each of the recombinant rat alpha(1)-adrenoceptors was investigated. p-TIA (100 nM to 1 muM) antagonized the contractions of vas deferens and aorta in response to noradrenaline without affecting maximal effects and with similar potencies (pA(2)similar to7.2, n=4). This suggests that p-TIA is a competitive antagonist of alpha(1A)- and alpha(1D)-adrenoceptors with no selectivity between these subtypes. Incubation of p-TIA (30 to 300 nM) with rat spleen caused a significant reduction of the maximal response to noradrenaline, suggesting that p-TIA is a non-competitive antagonist at alpha(1B)-adrenoceptors. After receptor inactivation with phenoxybenzamine, the potency of p-TIA in inhibiting contractions was examined with similar occupancies (similar to25%) at each subtype. Its potency (pIC(50)) was 12 times higher in spleen (8.3 +/- 0.1, n=4) than in vas deferens (7.2 +/- 0.1, n=4) or aorta (7.2 0.1, n=4). In radioligand binding assays, p-TIA decreased the number of binding sites (B,,,,,,) in membranes from HEK293 cells expressing the rat alpha(1B)-adrenoceptors without affecting affinity (K-D), In contrast, in HEK293 cells expressing rat alpha(1A)- or alpha(1D)-adrenoceptors, p-TTA decreased the KD without affecting the B-max. It is concluded that p-TIA will be useful for distinguishing the role of particular alpha(1)-adrenoceptor subtypes in native tissues. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Built to Bite: Feeding Kinematics, Bite Forces, and Head Shape of a Specialized Durophagous Lizard, Dracaena Guianensis (Teiidae)

Most lizards feed on a variety of food items that may differ dramatically in their physical and behavioral characteristics. Several lizard families are known to feed upon hard-shelled prey (durophagy). Yet, specializations toward true molluscivory have been documented for only a few species. As snails are hard and brittle food items, it has been suggested that a specialized cranial morphology, high bite forces, and an adapted feeding strategy are important for such lizards. Here we compare head and skull morphology, bite forces, and feeding kinematics of a snail-crushing teiid lizard (Dracaena guianensis) with those in a closely related omnivorous species (Tupinambis merianae). Our data show that juvenile D. guianensis differ from T. merianae in having bigger heads and greater bite forces. Adults, however, do not differ in bite force. A comparison of feeding kinematics in adult Dracaena and Tupinambis revealed that Dracaena typically use more transport cycles, yet are more agile in manipulating snails. During transport, the tongue plays an important role in manipulating and expelling shell fragments before swallowing. Although Dracaena is slow, these animals are very effective in crushing and processing hard-shelled prey. J. Exp. Zool. 317A:371381, 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Toxicidade aguda do sulfato de cobre e do extrato aquoso de folhas secas de nim para o caramujo (Pomacea canaliculata)

Snails can become an environmental and economic problem, causing substantial losses. The objective of this work was to estimate the acute toxicity of copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O) and the aqueous extract of dried neem leaves on snails (P. canaliculata) under laboratory conditions. In order to estimate the lethal concentration 50% (LC (I)50;96h), snails were exposed to six increasing copper sulfate concentrations (0.0; 0.01; 0.03; 0.05; 0.07 and 0.1 mg L-1) and six increasing concentrations of aqueous extract of dried neem leaves 0.0; 100; 125; 150; 175 and 200 mL aqueous extract of dried neem leaves L-1 water, equivalent to (0.0; 1.18; 1.47; 1.77; 2.06 and 2.36 mg azadirachtin L -1), in triplicate and one control treatment in an entirely random delineation. Estimated LC (I)50;96h, of copper sulfate was 0.02 mg copper sulfate L-1, with a 0.01 mg L-1 lower limit and a 0.03 mg L-1 upper limit. Estimated lethal concentration 50% of the aqueous extract of dried neem leaves was 142.75 mL L-1, equivalent to 1.68 mg L-1 of azadirachtine, with a 130.89 mL L-1 (1.54 mg L-1) low limit and 155.69 mL L-1 (1.83 mg L -1) as the upper limit.

Detecção de glicoconjugados de lecitinas em neoplasias mamárias caninas

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Ecotoxicidade, segurança clínica e eficácia de fármacos em jovens de pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)

Pós-graduação em Aquicultura - FCAV

Taxonomic assessment and enzymes production by yeasts isolated from marine and terrestrial Antarctic samples

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Seleção de bioindicadores aquáticos pela toxicidade aguda e risco ambiental do inseticida fipronil

Pós-graduação em Aquicultura - FCAV

Ocorrência de Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Nematoda, Angiostrongylidae) em Achatina fulica (Mollusca, Gastropoda) na Baixada Santista

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Bioindicadores neotropicais de ecotoxicidade e risco ambiental de fármacos de interesse para aquicultura

The aims of this research were to evaluate the acute toxicity (LC/EC50) and the environmental risk of toltrazuril (TOL) and florfenicol (FFC) for plant Lemna minor, snail Pomacea canalicuta, fish Piaractus mesopotamicus and Hyphessobrycon eques and the microcrustacean Daphnia magna. The organisms were acclimated in room bioassay with controlled temperature according to standard to each one. They were exposed at nominal concentrations in static system. For environmental risk (RQ) was used the estimated environmental concentration (EEC) that is the dosage indicate to treatment and the lethal or effective concentration (LC/CE50) from each drug in acute exposure. FFC showed LC50;7d of 97.03 mg L-1 for L. minor; >100.0 mg L-1 for P. mesopotamicus and H. eques and EC50;48h > 100.0 mg L-1 for P. canaliculata and D. magna, and it was classified low risk (RQ = 0.01) for all bioindicators. TOL howed LC50;7d >100.0 mg L-1 for L. minor, 3.72 mg L-1 for P. mesopotamicus; 6.22 mg L-1 for H. eques and CE50;48h of 7.59 mg L-1 for P. canaliculata and 18.57 mg L-1 for D. magna, and it was classified low risk (RQ = 0.01) for L. minor and high risk for P. mesopotamicus (RQ = 2.68), H. eques (RQ = 6.22), P. canaliculata (RQ = 1.31) and D. magna (RQ = 0.53). Lemna minor was the bioindicator indicating of FFC toxicity and H. eques, bioindicator of the TOL. FFC is safety however and the use of TOL necessaries cautions to treat the wastewater before discard on the environment.

Avaliação da sensibilidade de organismos aquáticos e terrestres ao triclopyr

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Community structure and dynamics of Monogenea and Trematoda in three North American cyprinid species in the Salt Valley Watershed, Nebraska.

An investigation was made of the communities of gill monogene genus Dactylogyrus (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea) and the populations of blackspot parasite (Platyhelminthes, Trematoda) of Pimephales promelas, Notropis stramineus, and Semotilus atromaculatus in 3 distinct sites along the 3 converging tributaries in southeastern Nebraska from 2004 to 2006. This work constitutes the first multi-site, multi-year study of a complex community of Dactylogyrus spp. and their reproductive activities on native North American cyprinid species. The biological hypothesis that closely related species with direct lifecycles respond differently to shared environmental conditions was tested. It was revealed that in this system that, Cyprinid species do not share Dactylogyrus species, host size and sex are not predictive of infection, and Dactylogyrus community structure is stable, despite variation in seasonal occurrence and populations among sites. The biological hypothesis that closely related species have innate differences in reproductive activities that provide structure to their populations and influence their roles in the parasite community was tested. It was revealed that in this system, host size, sex, and collection site are not predictive of reproductive activities, that egg production is not always continuous and varies in duration among congeners, and that recruitment of larval Dactylogyrus is not continuous across parasites’ reproductive periods. Hatch timing and host availability, not reproductive timing, are the critical factors determining population dynamics of the gill monogenes in time and space. Lastly, the biological hypothesis that innate blackspot biology is responsible for parasite host-specificity, host recruitment strategies and parasite population structure was tested. Field collections revealed that for blackspot, host size, sex, and collection month and year are not predictive of infection, that parasite cysts survive winter, and that host movement is restricted among the 3 collection sites. Finally, experimental infections of hosts with cercaria isolated from 1st intermediate snail hosts reveal that cercarial biology, not environmental circumstances, are responsible for differences in infection among hosts.