Moda orientale

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Le Antichità di Bologna di Bartolomeo della Pugliola

For a long time, the work of a Franciscan Friar who had lived in Bologna and in Florence during the 13th and 14th centuries, Bartolomeo Della Pugliola, was thought to have been lost. Recent paleographic research, however, has affirmed that most of Della Pugliola’s work, although mixed into other authors, is contained in two manuscripts (1994 and 3843), currently kept at University Library in Bologna. Pugliola’s chronicle is central to Bolognese medieval literature, not only because it was the privileged source for the important work of Ramponis’ chronicle, but also because Bartolomeo della Pugliola’s sources are several significant works such as Jacopo Bianchetti’s lost writings and Pietro and Floriano Villolas’ chronicle (1163-1372). Ongoing historical studies and recent discoveries enabled me to reconstruct the historical chronology of Pugliola’s work as well as the Bolognese language between the 13th and 14th century The original purpose of my research was to add a linguistic commentary to the edition of the text in order to fill the gaps in medieval Bolognese language studies. In addition to being a reliable source, Pugliola’s chronicle was widely disseminated and became a sort of vulgate. The tradition of chronicle, through collation, allows the study of the language from a diachronic point of view. I therefore described all the linguistics phenomena related to phonetics, morphology and syntax in Pugliola’s text and I compared these results with variants in Villola’s and Ramponis’ chronicles. I also did likewise with another chronicle by a 16th century merchant, Friano Ubaldini, that I edited. This supplement helped to complete the Bolognese language outline from the 13th to the 16th century. In order to analize the data that I collected, I tried to approach them from a sociolinguistic point of view because each author represents a different variant of the language: closer to a scripta and the Florentine the language used by Pugliola, closer to the dialect spoken in Bologna the language used by Ubaldini. Differencies in handwriting especially show the models the authors try to reproduce or imitate. The glossary I added at the end of this study can help to understand these nuances with a number of examples.

Dark humour as a culture specific phenomenon: a study in screen translation

The present study aims at analyzing how dark humour as a cinematic genre travels cross-culturally through a specific mode of audiovisual translation, i.e. dubbing. In particular, it takes into consideration the processes involved in dubbing humour from English into Italian as observed in the English- and Italian-language versions of ten British and American dark comedies from the 1940s to the 2000s. In an attempt to identify some of the main mechanisms of the dark humour genre, the humorous content of the films was analyzed in terms of the elements on which specific scenes are based, mainly the non-verbal and verbal components. In the cases in which verbal elements were involved, i.e. the examples of verbally expressed humour, the analysis was concerned with whether they were adapted into Italian and to what effect. Quantification of the different kinds of dark humour revealed that in the sample of dark comedies verbal dark humour had a higher frequency (85.3%) than non-verbal dark humour (14.7%), which partially disconfirmed the first part of the research hypothesis. However, the significance of contextual elements in the conveying of dark humour, both in the form of Nsp VEH (54.31%) and V-V (V+VE) (21.68%), provided support for the hypothesis that, even when expressed verbally, dark humour is more closely linked to context-based rather than purely linguistic humour (4.9%). The second part of the analysis was concerned with an investigation of the strategies adopted for the translation of verbal dark humour elements from the SL (English) into the TL (Italian) through the filter of dubbing. Four translational strategies were identified as far as the rendering of verbal dark humour is concerned: i) complete omission; ii) weakening; iii) close rendering; and iv) increased effect. Complete omission was found to be the most common among these strategies, with 80.9% of dark humour examples being transposed in a way that kept the ST’s function substantially intact. Weakening of darkly humorous lines was applied in 12% of cases, whereas increased effect accounted for 4.6% and complete omission for 2.5%. The fact that for most examples of Nsp VEH (84.9%) and V-AC (V+VE) (91.4%) a close rendering effect was observed and that 12 out of 21 examples of V-AC (PL) (a combined 57%) were either omitted or weakened seemed to confirm, on the one hand, the complexity of the translation process required by cases of V-AC (PL) and V-AC (CS). On the other hand, as suggested in the second part of the research hypothesis, the data might be interpreted as indicating that lesser effort on the translator/adaptor’s part is involved in the adaptation of V-AC (Nsp VEH) and V-V (V+VE). The issue of the possible censorial intervention undergone by examples of verbal dark humour in the sample still remains unclear.

Una e plurima: riflessioni intorno alle nuove espressioni delle donne nella letteratura italiana

Tale lavoro di ricerca ha indagato l’opera di sette scrittrici immigrate in Italia o nate da genitori immigrati che hanno composto in lingua italiana. Esse sono: Christiana de Caldas Brito, Cristina Ubax Ali Farah, Gabriella Kuruvilla, Ingy Mubiayi, Ornela Vorpsi, Laila Wadia, Jarmila Očkayová. La tesi consta di una premessa, un primo capitolo in cui sono riportate le interviste fatte alle scrittrici, un secondo capitolo di analisi dei loro testi, un terzo di riflessioni di teoria letteraria ed un quarto conclusivo. In appendice sono riportate integralmente le interviste.

Varanasi la nuova Suraj Kund : abitare il luogo sacro

L’area oggetto dell’ipotesi progettuale è la Suraj Kund, Cisterna del Sole, sita nella città di Varanasi, nello stato dell’Uttar Pradesh, India. E’ proprio per via delle innumerevoli differenze che ci sono tra l’Occidente e l’India, siano esse culturali, religiose, storiche e conseguentemente architettoniche, che chiunque visiti questo particolare Stato del mondo, viene sopraffatto dalla sua incredibile complessità culturale. “Punto di incontro ed origine dei più diversi popoli e delle più diverse culture, l’India si riallaccia a tradizioni millenarie. L’India riesce ad accogliere gli influssi stranieri esercitati nel tempo trasfigurandoli, senza tuttavia intaccare la propria identità culturale. L’India seduce il visitatore occidentale per la coesistenza di diversi popoli, lingue e religioni.” [8] Dall’analisi del sito sono stati individuate una serie di problematiche e criticità la cui risoluzione,conseguentemente allo studio delle architetture d’acqua indiane e dagli elementi caratteristici dell’architettura di Varanasi, sarà punto di partenza in fase progettuale. Insieme al ripristino funzionale dell'area saranno progettati un ostello per l’accoglienza dei pellegrini, una scuola d’artigianato e due blocchi abitativi di differente tipologia.