Desenvolvimento de bioblendas poliméricas a partir de gelatina bovina e de tilápia com amido de milho

The natural raw materials acquired special importance beside the mineral raw materials with the need for using alternative sources to oil, because they can be used to produce biopolymers. Gelatin, produced from the denaturation of collagen, and starch, an abundant polysaccharide in various plants, are examples of biopolymers which have several technological applications, especially in films. The objective of this work is to produce polymeric bioblends with gelatin and corn starch using two types of gelatin: commercial bovine gelatin and gelatin produced from mechanically separated flesh of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). For the extraction of tilapia gelatin 3 distinct pretreatments, followed by extraction in distilled water under heating were performed. The properties of gelatin extracted were similar to bovine gelatin, and the differences can be explained by the difference in extraction processes and sources. Blends of commercial gelatin and starch were produced in an internal mixer from a Haake torque rheometer, to study the behavior of the gelatin mixture with starch, thus, the same compositions were processed by twin screw extrusion, to define the mixing parameters. Subsequently, the extrusion of blends of tilapia gelatin and corn starch was carried out in the same twin screw extruder. The physico-chemical, rheological and morphological properties of the blends with thermoplastic starch and gelatin were studied. It was found that various properties vary linearly with increasing concentration of the components. The blends produced are immiscible, and among the two gelatins, tilapia gelatin showed a better interfacial adhesion with the corn starch. Regarding the morphology, gelatins formed the dispersed phase in all compositions studied, even in compositions rich in starch. Can be concluded that the procedure for tilapia gelatin extraction is feasible and advantageous, and the increasing in its scale to a reactor of 30 liters is possible, with a satisfactory yield. The bioblends of bovine gelatin/corn starch and tilapia gelatin/corn starch were successfully produced, and the processing conditions were appropriate

Montagem e construção de um magnetômetro a efeito Kerr magneto-óptico

n this master s dissertation a Kerr Magneto Optic s magnetometer effect was set up to do characterization of samples type films fine and ultra thin, these samples will be grown after the implementation of the sputtering technique at the magnetism laboratory of of this department. In this work a cooled electromagnet was also built the water and that it reaches close values to 10kOe with a gap of 22 mm including an area of uniform field of 25mm of diameter. The first chapter treats of the construction of this electromagnet from its dimensioning to the operation tests that involve measures of reached maximum field and temperature of the reels when operated during one hour. The second chapter is dedicated to the revision of the magnetism and the magnetization processes as well as it presents a theoretical base regarding the magnetic energies found in films and magnetic multilayer. In the sequence, the third chapter, is especially dedicated the description of the effects magneto opticians the effect kerr in the longitudinal, traverse and polar configurations, using for so much only the classic approach of the electromagnetism and the coefficients of Fresnel. Distinguished the two areas of observation of the effect regarding thickness of the film. The constructive aspects of the experimental apparatus as well as the details of its operation are explained at the room surrender, also presenting the preliminary results of the measures made in one serializes of permalloy films and concluding with the results of the characterization of the first films of iron and permalloy grown here at the theoretical and experimental physics department at UFRN

Desenvolvimento de componentes nanométricos para aplicação em células a combustível à base de sólidos estruturados e filmes finos

The present work aims the preparation of filmes of strontium-doped lanthanum manganite (perovskita) yttria-stabilized zirconia (LSM-SDC) films deposited on substrate of YSZ by means of spin coating technique having as principal objective their application to solid oxide fuel cells of intermediate temperature. La0,8Sr0,2MnO3 and Ce0,8Sm0,2O1,9 were obtained by modified Pechini method by use of gelatin which act as polymerization agent. The powders obtained were characterized by Xray fluorescence, X ray diffraction, electronic scanning microscopy and the superficial area by BET method. The results obtained by X-ray fluorescence showed that the route adopted for obtention of powders was effective in the obtention of the compositions with close values to the stoichiometrics. Ethyl cellulose was used as pore-forming agent and mixed with the LSM-SDC powders in weight proportions of 1:24, 2:23 and 1:9. The films were sintered at 1150 °C for 4 h and characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy technique (SEM) and atomic force. The phases quantification of the precursory powders and of the obtained films was carried through Rietveld method. According with the analysis of SEM, as the content of ethyl cellulose was increased, the pore distribution in films become more uniform and the pore size reduced. The methodology used for the obtention of the films was very efficient, considering a material was obtained with characteristics that were proper to the application as electrolyte/cathode system to solid oxide fuel cells

Deposição de filmes de ZrO2 modificados sobre substratos metálicos

This work makes use of the Pechini process for synthesis of the solutions and the dip-coating process for the addition of zirconium oxide films pure and doped cerium metal substrates. The metals with ceramic substrates were subjected to severe conditions of salinity. The x-ray fluorescence of the substrate showed a great diversity of chemical elements. The x-ray diffraction of the samples showed the phase of iron substrate because the thickness of nano-thin film. Tests using an LPR probe showed that the film presents with zirconia corrosion independent of film thickness. The substrates of ZrO2-doped ceria showed low chemical attack of the salt in films with less than 15 dives. The results imply that ultrathin films are shown in protecting metallic substrates

Tetragonal to monoclinic phase transition observed during Zr anodisation

Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is a coating procedure that utilises anodic oxidation in aqueous electrolytes above the dielectric breakdown voltage to produce oxide coatings that have specific properties. These conditions facilitate oxide formation under localised high temperatures and pressures that originate from short-lived microdischarges at sites over the metal surface and have fast oxide volume expansion. Anodic ZrO2 films were prepared by subjecting metallic zirconium to PEO in acid solutions (H2C 2O4 and H3PO4) using a galvanostatic DC regime. The ZrO2 microstructure was investigated in films that were prepared at different charge densities. During the anodic breakdown, an important change in the amplitude of the voltage oscillations at a specific charge density was observed (i.e., the transition charge density (Q T)). We verified that this transition charge is a monotonic function of both the current density and temperature applied during the anodisation, which indicated that Q T is an intrinsic response of this system. The oxide morphology and microstructure were characterised using SEM and X-ray diffraction experiments (XRD) techniques. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the change in voltage oscillation was correlated with oxide microstructure changes during the breakdown process. © 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Comparação do padrão cinemático do chute no futebol entre jogadores de dois países

Pós-graduação em Ciências da Motricidade - IBRC

Obtenção e caracterização de filmes de PHB e de blendas de PHB com borracha natural

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo da estabilização da fase perovskita PMN em filmes ultrafinos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Obtenção de filmes finos supercondutores do sistema BSCCO dopados com prata

Pós-graduação em Ciência dos Materiais - FEIS

Propriedades químicas e ópticas de filmes de carbono amorfo halogenados produzidos por deposição a vapor químico assistido por plasma (PECVD) e deposição e implantação iônica por imersão em plasma (DIIIP)

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais - FC

Ruy, Paulo e Fafá: a identidade amazônica na canção paraense (1976-1980)

Nos anos 60/70, do século XX, ocorreu um processo de “Integração político-econômica” da Amazônia ao Brasil, executada pelo Governo Federal. Esse processo gerou consequências profundas ao imaginário dos habitantes da região Amazônica, pois, dentro da estratégia governamental foi incluída a inserção de difusores de comunicação, bem como de rodovias e todo um aparato para interligar e diminuir as disparidades regionais. A “integração” criou uma infraestrutura capaz de atrair indústrias para a região. Porém muitos intelectuais acadêmicos e jornalistas deste período viram esse processo como uma “nova colonização”. Segundo eles, o capital gerado não resultou em melhorias sociais aos habitantes da Amazônia. Além dessa perspectiva, o contato com a cultura brasileira através da Televisão e do Rádio influenciou de forma contundente os rumos da política e da arte paraense. A música popular no Pará foi influenciada pela MPB nos anos 60. Porém, a partir destes debates em torno de uma “nova colonização” podemos perceber que o sentido artístico passou a ser regionalista amazônico, como uma estratégia de apoio político aos intelectuais e jornalistas regionais-progressistas. Neste trabalho, demonstraremos como esse “pano de fundo” se processou na obra do cantor e compositor Paulo André, em parceria com seu pai Ruy Barata (poeta e letrista). Assim como, é elaborada uma análise a respeito da carreira da cantora Fafá de Belém. Será discutido como suas aparições na mídia influenciaram no debate e na (re) construção do imaginário em torno da Amazônia.

Tratamento fotocatalítico de corante ácido usando filmes finos de vidro/Ti 'O IND. 2' e degradação fotoeletrocatalítica de corante vat sobre eletrodos de filmes finos de Ti/Ti 'O IND. 2'

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A hora dos intelectuais : literatura, política e engajamento no Brasil (1964-1967)

The resistance to the military dictatorship in Brazil (1964-1985) had many faces, especially among intellectuals. This article will discuss the activity of some writers and journalists in the process of articulation as leftist intellectuals in opposition to the military regime, as "cultural resistance" in various forms assumed in the context of politicization of culture and cultural goods market in the mid 1960´s.

A distorção do conceito de economia no jornal Folha de São Paulo

The work aims to analyse the concept of economics as the science of scarcity is distorced in the newspaper Folha de Sao Paulo. Neoclassical economists characterize the economy as the science that is concerned with the welfare of the people, satisfying their needs. However, the economy in the newspapers of the mainstream media appears in contexts where only the profit of companies and businesses are addressed, leaving aside the problem of economic inequality, unemployment, working conditions and other issues that are also part of economy, but they are hardly concerns of journalists. In this work, the object of study was the notebook Market and content analysis followed the criteria of Bardin (1977). Ten words were chosen in the category science of scarcity and ten words were chosen in the category science of abundance. From these categories, a careful reading was done, counting how many times each word appeared in the newspaper. Also paid attention to the words that appeared and contexts in which they fell journalistic genre. In a second step, interviews were conducted with journalists from economics to know what they mean by the economy and what the guidelines are more common. Data collection and interviews contributed to the interpretation and confirmation on whether or not the distortion of the concept of economy and how it happens

Televisão analógica e televisão digital: o futuro do telejornalismo

This study proposes to present the process of implementation of Digital TV, the available resources found in the Japanese standard employed in the country and the form in which news programs will adapt to the new technology. Following the presentation of the technological tools, the current state of Brazilian television is discussed, focusing on two nationally broadcast programs, Jornal da Band on Bandeirantes channel and Jornal da Record on Record channel. As a case study, three editions of each show are evaluated with an individual and comparative analysis. Following the analyses, perspectives on the future of television journalism in the digital TV age are given. Additionally, the possibilities for interaction between the TV viewer and the channel and the forms of interaction that may exist within particular programs are discussed, thus allowing for active participation from the part of the viewer. The newly developed functions of journalists in the digital age are also broken down in the research. In order to gain a full understanding of the phases of this process of technological convergence and how programs will adapt to these tools, interviews with professionals who work in the production of televised news programs are conducted in the study