VOLTAR À ESCOLA: O PERFIL SOCIAL E AS EXPECTATIVAS DE ALUNOS DA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS

A idéia de voltar a estudar, buscando uma escolarização considerada como perdida, ganha sentido quando se apresenta não apenas como uma forma reparadora para aqueles que não tiveram acesso a escola na idade certa, mas também como uma necessidade de inserção ao espaço contemporâneo do trabalho e da sociedade, vinculado a um grau mais elevado de escolarização que estimule o prosseguimento dos estudos na busca de ascensão social e profissional. Essa verificação mostra-se contrária a muitos estudos já apresentados, pois normalmente vemos a Educação de Jovens e Adultos como um bálsamo que suprirá todos os problemas sociais e econômicos de uma clientela desfavorecida e insegura de sua capacidade de aprendizagem e com históricos frustrantes de escolarização. Este trabalho objetiva apresentar uma pesquisa empírica sobre a trajetória escolar de 88 alunos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) do ensino fundamental II (5ª a 8ª série) e do ensino médio, realizada em uma escola da periferia da cidade de São Bernardo do Campo, no estado de São Paulo, mostrando as relações existentes entre o fracasso e o sucesso que a volta à escola pode propiciar, assim como a análise dos ascendentes e descendentes em relação à escolarização e a escolha profissional. A pesquisa apresenta-se dividida em duas partes, sendo a primeira constituída de informações sobre os alunos, seus pais, filhos e irmãos e a segunda compreendida por duas partes, em que se vêem quantitativamente os motivos do abandono e do retorno à escola e por textos descritivos (redações) dos alunos pesquisados, seus desejos e aspirações, frustrações e sonhos, propondo análises sobre a escolarização e a continuidade de estudos e a necessidade desse retorno à escola. O corpo teórico desta pesquisa foi norteado pelos estudos sobre alfabetização e escolarização de jovens e adultos, sobre as políticas públicas e os movimentos de educação popular, assim como pelas leis que regem essa modalidade de ensino e suas aplicabilidades. Como instrumentos metodológicos, foram utilizados técnicas de análise das leis vigentes, questionários e redações dos alunos. A apresentação e interpretação dos dados coletados sugerem a viabilidade da trajetória escolar dos alunos.(AU)

Employee negative emotions in supervisory relationships : an attachment theory perspective

Relationships with supervisors are a major source of negative emotions at work, but little is known about why this is so. The aim of the research was to use attachment theory (Bowlby, 1969, 1973; 1980) as a framework for investigating the nature and causes of employee negative emotional experiences, in the context of their supervisory relationships. The research was conducted in three stages. In Stage 1 two studies were conducted to develop a measure of employee perceptions of supervisor caregiving (SCS). Results indicated that the 20-item scale had good reliability and validity. Stage 2 required participants (N=183) to complete a questionnaire that was designed to examine the roles of supervisor caregiving and working models (specific and global) in determining cognitive and emotional responses to hypothetical supervisor behaviours. The results provided partial support for an Independent Effects Model. Supervisor caregiving predicted specific anxiety and avoidance. In tum, both dimensions of attachment predicted negative emotions, but this relationship was mediated by event interpretation only in the case of avoidance. Global models made a smaller but significant contribution to negative emotions overall. There was no support for an interaction effect between specific and global models in determining event interpretation. In stage 3 a sub-sample of questionnaire respondents (N=24) were interviewed about 'real-life' caregiving and negative emotional experiences in their supervisory relationships. Secure individuals experienced supervisors as consistently warm, available, and responsive. They reported few negative events or emotions. Individuals with insecure specific working models experienced rejecting or inconsistent supervisor caregiving. They were sensitised to trust and closeness issues in their relationships, and reported negative events and emotions underpinned by these themes. Overall, results broadly supported attachment theory predictions. It is concluded that an attachment theory perspective provides new insight into the nature and causes of employee negative emotions in supervisory relationships.

Reinforcing the security of corporate information resources:a critical review of the role of the acceptable use policy

Increasingly users are seen as the weak link in the chain, when it comes to the security of corporate information. Should the users of computer systems act in any inappropriate or insecure manner, then they may put their employers in danger of financial losses, information degradation or litigation, and themselves in danger of dismissal or prosecution. This is a particularly important concern for knowledge-intensive organisations, such as universities, as the effective conduct of their core teaching and research activities is becoming ever more reliant on the availability, integrity and accuracy of computer-based information resources. One increasingly important mechanism for reducing the occurrence of inappropriate behaviours, and in so doing, protecting corporate information, is through the formulation and application of a formal ‘acceptable use policy (AUP). Whilst the AUP has attracted some academic interest, it has tended to be prescriptive and overly focussed on the role of the Internet, and there is relatively little empirical material that explicitly addresses the purpose, positioning or content of real acceptable use policies. The broad aim of the study, reported in this paper, is to fill this gap in the literature by critically examining the structure and composition of a sample of authentic policies – taken from the higher education sector – rather than simply making general prescriptions about what they ought to contain. There are two important conclusions to be drawn from this study: (1) the primary role of the AUP appears to be as a mechanism for dealing with unacceptable behaviour, rather than proactively promoting desirable and effective security behaviours, and (2) the wide variation found in the coverage and positioning of the reviewed policies is unlikely to be fostering a coherent approach to security management, across the higher education sector.

The employability skills provision within a construction project management degree programme

This study was geared at assessing the employability skills provision within a construction project management degree programme through a questionnaire survey. Students were required to assess their level of ability in relation to the most common skills and competencies most sought after by construction project management graduate employers. The study identified team-working ability as the most sought after skill by the employers investigated followed by verbal communication, written communication and leadership ability. It was found that students were very confident of their ability in 12 of the 14 identified skills and competencies. But ironically, leadership, an important skill sought by employers is one that majority of the students felt most insecure in their ability. The study concludes that the BSc programme equips students with these employability skills and competencies, but more effort is needed to make the leadership development opportunities in the programme more conspicuous. With recommendations on how to achieve this proffered.

Avaliação do cuidado de enfermagem na perspectiva da segurança do paciente em unidades de terapia intensiva: na visão de profissionais, pacientes e familiares

Technological advances combined with healthcare assistance bring increased risks related to patient safety, causing health institutions to be environments susceptible to losses in the provided care. Sectors of high complexity, such as Intensive Care Units have such characteristics highlighted due to being spaces designed for the care of patients in serious medical condition, when the use of advanced technological devices becomes a necessity. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess nursing care from the perspective of patient safety in intensive care units. This is an evaluative research, which combines various forms of data collection and analysis in order to conduct a deepened investigation. Data collection occurred in loco, from April to July 2014 in hospitals equipped with adult intensive care unit services. For this, a checklist instrument and semi-structured interviews conducted with patients, families, professionals were used in order to evaluate the structure-process-outcome triad. The instrument for nursing care assessment regarding Patient Safety included 97 questions related to structure and processes. Interviews provided data for outcome analysis. The selection of interviewees/participants was based on the willingness of potential participants. The following methods were used to collect data resulting from the instrument: statistical analysis of inter-rater reliability measure known as kappa (K); observations from judges resulting from the observation process; and added information obtained from the literature on the thematic. Data analysis from the interviews was carried out with IRAMUTEQ software, which used Descending Hierarchical Classification and Similarity analysis to aid in data interpretation. Research steps followed the ethical principles presented by Resolution No. 466 of December 12, 2012, and the results were presented in three manuscripts: 1) Evaluation of patient safety in Intensive Care Units: a focus on structure; 2) Health evaluation processes: a nursing care perspective on patient safety; 3) Patient safety in intensive care units: perception of nurses, family members and patients. The first article, related to the structure, refers to the use of 24 items of the employed instrument, showing that most of the findings were not aligned with the adequacy standards, which indicates poor conditions in structures offered in health services. The second article provides an analysis of the pillar of Processes, with the use of 73 items of the instrument, showing that 50 items did not meet the required standards for safe handling due to the absence of adequate scientific guidance and effective communication in nursing care process. For the third article, results indicate that intensive care units were safe places, yet urges for changes, especially in the physical structure and availability of materials and communication among professionals, patients and families. Therefore, our findings suggest that the nursing care being provided in the evaluated intensive care units contains troubling shortcomings with regards to patient safety, thereby evidencing an insecure setting for the assistance offered, in addition to a need for urgent measures to remedy the identified inadequacies with appropriate structures and implement protocols and care guidelines in order to consolidate an environment more favorable to patient safety.

A mediação do professor na constituição da autoria em textos de alunos de Letras

Textual composition in classroom has been object of research in language studies along this last three decades in Brazil. This thematic recurrence occurs is a demonstration of the gap between writing skill teaching and learner‟s performance. In this research, we argue that during writing process in classroom, teachers‟ mediated actions guide students to the exotopic exercise on their texts, facing it as a fundamental phase of their composition, with meaningful effect for the development of textual authorship. In this sense, we have chosen as investigation focus the textual composition of Letters Students at Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte – UERN - to study writing processual characteristics, based on teacher‟s mediation. The main aim of this research is to analyze students‟ (re)writing along Letters Course, to comprehend the process of authorship construction in their texts and the effects resulted through teacher mediation in this process. More specifically, a) to analyze teacher mediation as a mechanism for authorship development in texts composed by Letters Students; b) to deduce, based on different versions of textual composition, the effects of teacher mediation on students‟ writing; and c) to describe compositional textual process in classroom, identifying students‟ attitudes/behaviors before writing task. We have brought several voices into the dialogue, among them we highlight those based on bakhtinian studies. Some of those authors are related to Bakhtin circle, by themselves (BAKHTIN/VOLOCHINOV, [1929] 2006; BAKHTIN, [1979] 2003; [1963] 2008; [1975] 2010a; [1986] 2010b), their debaters (FARACO, 2008, 2009a, 2009b, 2010; PONZIO, 2010, 2012; GERALDI, 2010a; 2010b OLIVEIRA, 2006, 2008a, 2008b, 2010, among others), to guide us, mainly, on dialogism, author and authorship, and their conceptual implications: exotopy, finishing, esthetic activity, and ethical act. Data was constituted in teaching situation, involving teacher/researcher and 5th Term Letters/UERN students. Therefore, we have submitted an open questionnaire, textual discussion, and an article (re)writing. Data analysis has revealed subjects‟ little experience with writing composition in the Course, as a systematic practice, in their routine, dialogued, whose social function is explored. The texts are generally written in a single version and useful only to receive a score. Data analysis show insecure students in relation the writing, and with many difficulties to do it. On the other hand, writing movements, on the analyzed articles, have revealed that the subjects show a responsive attitude in relation to the mediated activities, to respond rewriting proposal. Despite some problems remain unsolved and many others emerge in each version of the article, in general, we consider that teacher mediation had a positive effect on student writing, considering that it boosted the author exotopic movement, something indispensable to compose a text. The three interventions carried out, in some way, provided opportunity for the subjects to modify their article.

A mediação do professor na constituição da autoria em textos de alunos de Letras

Textual composition in classroom has been object of research in language studies along this last three decades in Brazil. This thematic recurrence occurs is a demonstration of the gap between writing skill teaching and learner‟s performance. In this research, we argue that during writing process in classroom, teachers‟ mediated actions guide students to the exotopic exercise on their texts, facing it as a fundamental phase of their composition, with meaningful effect for the development of textual authorship. In this sense, we have chosen as investigation focus the textual composition of Letters Students at Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte – UERN - to study writing processual characteristics, based on teacher‟s mediation. The main aim of this research is to analyze students‟ (re)writing along Letters Course, to comprehend the process of authorship construction in their texts and the effects resulted through teacher mediation in this process. More specifically, a) to analyze teacher mediation as a mechanism for authorship development in texts composed by Letters Students; b) to deduce, based on different versions of textual composition, the effects of teacher mediation on students‟ writing; and c) to describe compositional textual process in classroom, identifying students‟ attitudes/behaviors before writing task. We have brought several voices into the dialogue, among them we highlight those based on bakhtinian studies. Some of those authors are related to Bakhtin circle, by themselves (BAKHTIN/VOLOCHINOV, [1929] 2006; BAKHTIN, [1979] 2003; [1963] 2008; [1975] 2010a; [1986] 2010b), their debaters (FARACO, 2008, 2009a, 2009b, 2010; PONZIO, 2010, 2012; GERALDI, 2010a; 2010b OLIVEIRA, 2006, 2008a, 2008b, 2010, among others), to guide us, mainly, on dialogism, author and authorship, and their conceptual implications: exotopy, finishing, esthetic activity, and ethical act. Data was constituted in teaching situation, involving teacher/researcher and 5th Term Letters/UERN students. Therefore, we have submitted an open questionnaire, textual discussion, and an article (re)writing. Data analysis has revealed subjects‟ little experience with writing composition in the Course, as a systematic practice, in their routine, dialogued, whose social function is explored. The texts are generally written in a single version and useful only to receive a score. Data analysis show insecure students in relation the writing, and with many difficulties to do it. On the other hand, writing movements, on the analyzed articles, have revealed that the subjects show a responsive attitude in relation to the mediated activities, to respond rewriting proposal. Despite some problems remain unsolved and many others emerge in each version of the article, in general, we consider that teacher mediation had a positive effect on student writing, considering that it boosted the author exotopic movement, something indispensable to compose a text. The three interventions carried out, in some way, provided opportunity for the subjects to modify their article.

O Supremo Tribunal Federal como agente tecnocrático no exercício da jurisdição constitucional na solução de casos complexos : análise das ações diretas de inconstitucionalidade nº 3937/SP e nº 3357/RS

Many changes have taken place in contemporary society causing impacts in its different sectors, making it much more complex and insecure than in past times. The alteration on the decision-making system of the Brazilian society is among the main changes today. The post-modern context contributed to the occurrence of the transfer of state power of the Legislative and Executive Powers to the Judiciary Power, specifically to the Federal Court of Justice, leading to an expansion on the actuation range of this institution mainly through the exercise of the constitutional jurisdiction. This has caused a crisis of legitimacy in society once the Court will now decide the political and social fundamental issues. In this scenario, the Direct Action of Unconstitutionality n° 3937/SP and n° 3357/RS are highlighted and both are being tried by the Supreme Court. Such emphasis is given, since it is a matter of high complexity and social repercussion that will be decided by a legal institution and not a political one. Thus, this work aims to analyze the role of the Supreme Court in the context of contemporary society on the trial of complex and controversial cases, particularly on the trial of Direct Action of Unconstitutionality n° 3937/SP and n° 3357/RS. This study has noticed that due to the post-modern context the majority of the Supreme Court Ministers tend to base their votes in constitutional principles and no longer limit themselves to a formal review of the constitutionality of laws, which indicates a substantialist approach. Moreover, it can be noticed the deliberative potential of the Court as well as the influence of the post-modern features, such as risk, uncertainty and insecurity on the elaboration of the Minister‟s votes. Therefore, sometimes, such as the case in study, the Supreme Court has acted as a technocratic agent in Brazilian society once fundamental political and social decisions for society especially when it comes to complex and controversial cases are being taken by the Supreme Court, which is composed by “Law technicians” and such decisions are mainly based in technical data and scientific studies. For the accomplishment of this work, it has been adopted the inductive approach and monographic procedure method and the bibliographical and documentary research technique.

PoisonIvy: Safe speculation for secure memory

Encryption and integrity trees guard against phys- ical attacks, but harm performance. Prior academic work has speculated around the latency of integrity verification, but has done so in an insecure manner. No industrial implementations of secure processors have included speculation. This work presents PoisonIvy, a mechanism which speculatively uses data before its integrity has been verified while preserving security and closing address-based side-channels. PoisonIvy reduces per- formance overheads from 40% to 20% for memory intensive workloads and down to 1.8%, on average.

Understanding alexithymia in female adolescents: the role of attachment style

Adults with alexithymia retrospectively report emotional difficulties with caregivers during childhood. However, the association between attachment style and alexithymic traits may be evident at an earlier stage than adulthood, i.e. during adolescence. Sixty school-based healthy females aged 9–18 years (mean 14.08, SD 2.71 years) participated in an Attachment Style Interview (ASI) and completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). Greater levels of alexithymia were exhibited by both anxious and avoidant insecurely attached groups compared to securely attached participants. Fear of separation (characteristic of anxious attachment style) predicted both overall alexithymia scores and the specific alexithymic trait of ‘difficulty identifying feelings’ (DIF). Constraints on closeness (an avoidant attachment attitude) predicted ‘difficulty describing feelings’ (DDF). Low felt attachment to primary caregiver was a predictor of ‘externally oriented thinking’ (EOT). These findings indicate that features of anxious and avoidant insecure attachment styles are differentially related to the separate facets of alexithymia in female adolescents. Specifically, the findings concerning fear of separation may reflect the adolescent struggle for autonomy and the resulting effects on the affect regulation system. Our results also suggest that the normative differentiation of the emotional and cognitive aspects of alexithymia may occur on a developmental trajectory.

Looking for Determinants of Ontological Security in the Spain of the Crisis

The concept of ontological security has a remarkable echo in the current sociology to describe emotional status of men of late modernity. However, the concept created by Giddens in the eighties has been little used in empirical research covering various sources of risk or uncertainty. In this paper, a scale for ontological security is proposed. To do this, we start from the results of a research focused on the relationship between risk, uncertainty and vulnerability in the context of the economic crisis in Spain. These results were produced through nine focus groups and a telephone survey with standardized questionnaire applied to a national sample of 2,408 individuals over 18 years. This work is divided into three main sections. In the fi rst, a scale has been built from the results of the application of different items present in the questionnaire used. The second part explores the relationships of the scale obtained with the variables further approximate the emotional dimensions of individuals. The third part observes the variables that contribute to changes in the scale: These variables show the structural feature of the ontological security.

Validação da Escala de Memórias Precoces de Calor e Segurança em Relação ao Grupo de Pares (EMPCS-Pares)

A presente investigação pretendeu validar para a população portuguesa de adolescentes a Escala de Memórias Precoces de Calor e Segurança em Relação ao Grupo de Pares (EMPCSPares) bem como ver cumpridos os seus principais objetivos: 1) Adaptação da escala de memórias precoces de calor e segurança (EMPCS), enquanto medida global, para o contexto de interação com o grupo de pares; 2) Explorar a validade de construto através da análise fatorial exploratória (estudo da dimensionalidade); 3) Analisar a consistência interna do instrumento e explorar a qualidade dos itens; 4) Examinar a validade convergente e divergente através da associação com outras variáveis semelhantes e distintas do construto em análise; 5) Analisar possíveis efeitos das variáveis sociodemográficas, como a idade, género e escolaridade nos resultados da escala, bem como a sua associação com a perceção global de qualidade vida; 6) Comparar as memórias precoces emocionais em função da qualidade de vinculação (segura e insegura). A amostra é constituída por 354 jovens (152 rapazes e 202 raparigas), com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e os 18 anos (M= 15,81; DP = 1,58) a frequentar o ensino básico e secundário do sistema regular de ensino público (7ºano de escolaridade ao 12º ano de escolaridade). Do protocolo constam os seguintes instrumentos: escala de memórias precoces de calor e segurança no contexto familiar (EMPCSFamília) e na interação com o grupo de pares (EMPCSPares); escala de auto-compaixão (SCS-A); escala de vergonha externa (OAS – A); questionário de vinculação (AQ-C); escala de ansiedade, depressão e stress (EADS-21). Os resultados obtidos mostram que a escala tem uma estrutura unidimensional, possui uma excelente consistência interna, uma estabilidade temporal adequada, assim como uma boa validade convergente e divergente. Revelou igualmente discriminar os jovens com uma vinculação segura dos que apresentam uma vinculação insegura. Apesar da necessidade de mais estudos, nomeadamente a realizar em amostras clínicas, a EMPCSPares mostrou ser um instrumento robusto e útil na avaliação de memórias emocionais no contexto de interação com os pares, constituindo um contributo relevante para a investigação e prática clínica com adolescentes. / This research intends to validate for the Portuguese population of adolescents the Early Memories Scale Heat and Safety Relative to Peer Group (EMPCSPares) and see fulfilled its main objectives: 1) The early warm and security memories scale adaptation (EMPCS), as a global measure for the interaction context with the peer group; 2) Explore the construct validity by exploratory factor analysis (study of dimensionality); 3) To analyze the internal consistency of the instrument and explore the quality of the items; 4) Examine the convergent and divergent validity by association with other similar and different variables of the construct in question; 5) Analyze possible effects of sociodemographic variables such as age, gender and education in the scale results, as well as its association with the global perception of quality of life; 6) compare the emotional early memories due to the link quality (secure and insecure). The sample consists of 354 children (152 boys and 202 girls), aged between 12 and 18 years (M = 15.81, SD = 1.58) attending basic and secondary education in the regular public education system (7th grade to 12th grade). The Protocol contains the following instruments: Scale of early heat and security memories in the family context (EMPCSFamily) and interaction with the peer group (EMPCSPairs) ; Self - compassion scale (SCS-A); external shame scale (OAS - A); linking questionnaire (AQ- C) ; scale of anxiety, stress and depression (EADS 21) . The results obtained show that the scale has a one-dimensional structure, has an excellent internal consistency, an adequate temporal stability as well as good convergent and divergent validity. It also showed discriminate young people with a secure attachment of those who have an insecure attachment. Despite the need for further studies, including the conduct of clinical samples, the EMPCSPares proved to be a robust and useful tool in the evaluation of emotional memories in the context of interaction with peers, constituting an important contribution to research and clinical practice with adolescents.

Different Transitions towards Learning at University: Exploring the Heterogeneity of Motivational Processes

Transitions processes in higher education are characterized by new learning situations which pose challenges to most students. This chapter explores the heterogeneity of reactions to these challenges from a perspective of regulation processes. The Integrated Model of Learning and Action is used to identity different patterns of motivational regulation amongst students at university by using mixed distribution models. Six subpopulations of motivational regulation could be identified: students with self-determined, pragmatic, strategic, negative, anxious and insecure learning motivation. Findings about these patterns can be used to design didactic measures that will support students’ learning processes.

Vinculação no adolescente com perturbação estado-limite da personalidade – Estudo exploratório

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.

Vinculação e resiliência de crianças num centro de acolhimento temporário – Estudo de cincos casos

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.