Impiego del GNSS per il monitoraggio in aree sismiche

In questo elaborato si tratterà il metodo di analisi e modellazione post-sismica del terreno attraverso l’utilizzo dei dati GPS e dati SAR. Si prenderanno in esame due eventi sismici: il grande terremoto di Tohoku in Giappone del marzo 2011, con particolare attenzione alla conseguente formazione di un grande tsunami, e la sequenza sismica umbro-marchigiana del settembre/ottobre 1997. In tale contesto verranno descritti i diversi strumenti di monitoraggio e i modelli delle sorgenti sismiche, i quali hanno il compito di determinare importanti informazioni per la più rapida valutazione possibile del rischio sismico e per la corretta pianificazione delle attività umane e del territorio. Obiettivo della tesi è descrivere l’efficacia dell’utilizzo congiunto della tecnica di monitoraggio GPS e l’Interferometria Differenziale SAR. Grazie all’analisi ed alla conseguente modellazione dei dati raccolti nei due eventi sismici descritti in questo lavoro si dimostra l’importanza di tali tecniche per comprendere al meglio i fenomeni sismici. Nel primo capitolo verranno descritte le tecniche di monitoraggio GPS e SAR e le successive tecniche di analisi e modellazione dei dati al fine di avere una previsione dell’evento preso in considerazione. Nel secondo capitolo si esamineranno le peculiarità dell’evento sismico giapponese (2011) e delle elaborazioni condotte per caratterizzare lo tsunami provocato dalla rottura del fondale oceanico. Nel terzo capitolo si analizzerà la sequenza sismica umbro-marchigiana del 1997 prestando attenzione allo sviluppo della rete geodetica del territorio nazionale italiano con riferimenti allo sviluppo della Rete Integrata Nazionale GPS (RING). Nel quarto capitolo verrà descritto in modo introduttivo la struttura del software Bernese GNSS v. 5.2; un software di elaborazione dati usato in ambito scientifico per l’analisi di reti GNSS per il controllo delle deformazioni.

Il concetto di funzione: storia, applicazioni, sviluppi

Il concetto di funzione è tra i più rilevanti, ma anche tra i più controversi concetti matematici. In questo lavoro di tesi si è esaminato questo concetto a partire dalle sue origini fino ad arrivare alla definizione bourbakista, che è quella insegnata a tutti gli studenti a partire dalla scuola secondaria fino ad arrivare all'università. Successivamente si è analizzato in che modo questo delicato concetto viene presentato agli studenti delle scuole secondarie di secondo grado, osservando come le recenti Indicazioni Nazionali e Linee Guida danno suggerimenti per affrontare questo argomento, anche esaminando alcuni libri di testo. Infine si è descritto come il concetto di funzione abbia preso, in tempi relativamente recenti, un respiro più ampio dando luogo all'analisi funzionale, laddove le funzioni non sono più viste come corrispondenza punto a punto ma come oggetti che vengono osservati globalmente. Si considereranno infatti nuovi spazi i cui elementi sono funzioni.

Eye on the Street? Sensory Experience in Public Places

Research on the sensual experience of place is not a mainstream topic in the architectural debate; it is more common in other disciplines like landscape architecture or interior design. The curriculum sometime offers opportunities of cross-pollination between disciplines; students in architecture courses might be exposed to different theories of space more typical to other fields. This paper explore the teaching/research nexus within QUT Master of Architecture research stream; the focus of the discussion is students’ experimentation with people’s experience and navigation of the public space. Theories of placemaking in relation to urban design are first introduced; then the teaching/research nexus is discussed; finally students’ experience in approaching phenomenological research within the Master of Architecture are presented.

Link utili per il corso di Contabilità nazionale

Segnalati durante l'anno agli studenti dal prof. Jacopo Di Cocco a complemento della bibliografia delle Guida.

Esercizi per il calocolo dell'IM

Si tratta di alcuni esercizi relativi alla parte generale del corso (riguardanti alcune malattie fungine)

Metabolismo di oligosaccaridi prebiotici in Bifidobacterium per il potenziale sviluppo di nuovi prodotti alimentari funzionali

The growth and the metabolism of Bifidobacterium adolescentis MB 239 fermenting GOS, lactose, galactose, and glucose were investigated. An unstructerd unsegregated model for growth of B. adolescentis MB 239 in batch cultures was developed and kinetic parameters were calculated with a Matlab algorithm. Galactose was the best carbon source; lactose and GOS led to lower growth rate and cellular yield, but glucose was the poorest carbon source. Lactate, acetate and ethanol yields allowed calculation of the carbon fluxes toward fermentation products. Similar distribution between 3- and 2-carbon products was observed on all the carbohydrates (45 and 55%, respectively), but ethanol production was higher on glucose than on GOS, lactose and galactose, in decreasing order. Based on the stoichiometry of the fructose 6-phosphate shunt and on the carbon distribution among the products, ATP yield was calculated on the different carbohydrates. ATP yield was the highest on galactose, while it was 5, 8, and 25% lower on lactose, GOS, and glucose, respectively. Therefore, a correspondance among ethanol production, low ATP yields, and low biomass production was established demonstrating that carbohydrate preferences may result from different sorting of carbon fluxes through the fermentative pathway. During GOS fermentation, stringent selectivity based on the degree of polymerization was exhibited, since lactose and the trisaccharide were first to be consumed, and a delay was observed until longer oligosaccharides were utilized. Throughout the growth on both lactose and GOS, galactose accumulated in the cultural broth, suggesting that β-(1-4) galactosides can be hydrolysed before they are taken up. The physiology of Bifidobacterium adolescentis MB 239 toward xylooligosaccharides (XOS) was also studied and our attention was focused on an extracellular glycosyl-hydrolase (β-Xylosidase) expressed by a culture of B. adolescentis grown on XOS as sole carbon source. The extracellular enzyme was purified from the the supernatant, which was dialyzed and concentrated by ultrafiltration. A two steps purification protocol was developed: the sample was loaded on a Mono-Q anion exchange chromatography and then, the active fractions were pooled and β-Xylosidase was purified by gel filtration chromatography on a Superdex-75. The enzyme was characterized in many aspects. β- Xylosidase was an homo-tetramer of 160 kDa as native molecular mass; it was a termostable enzyme with an optimum of temperature at 53 °C and an optimum of pH of 6.0. The kinetics parameter were calculated: km = 4.36 mM, Vmax = 0.93 mM/min. The substrate specificity with different di-, oligo- and polysaccharides was tested. The reactions were carried out overnight at pH 7 and at the optimum of temperature and the carbohydrates hydrolysis were analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Only glycosyl-hydrolase activities on XOS and on xylan were detected, whereas sucrose, lactose, cellobiose, maltose and raffinose were not hydrolyzed. It’s clearly shown that β-Xylosidase activity was higher than the Xylanase one. These studies on the carbohydrate preference of a strain of Bifidobacterium underlined the importance of the affinity between probiotics and prebiotics. On the basis of this concept, together with Barilla G&R f.lli SpA, we studied the possibility to develop a functional food containing a synbiotic. Three probiotic strains Lactobacillus plantarum BAR 10, Streptococcus thermophilus BAR 20, and Bifidobacterium lactis BAR 30 were studied to assess their suitability for utilization in synbiotic products on the basis of antioxidative activity, glutathione production, acid and bile tolerance, carbohydrates fermentation and viability in food matrices. Bile and human gastric juice resistance was tested in vitro to estimate the transit tolerance in the upper gastrointestinal tract. B. lactis and L. plantarum were more acid tolerant than S. thermophilus. All the strains resisted to bile. The growth kinetics on 13 prebiotic carbohydrates were determined. Galactooligosaccharides and fructo-oligosaccharides were successfully utilized by all the strains and could be considered the most appropriate prebiotics to be used in effective synbiotic formulations. The vitality of the three strains inoculated in different food matrices and maintained at room temperature was studied. The best survival of Lactobacillus plantarum BAR 10, Streptococcus thermophilus BAR 20, and Bifidobacterium lactis BAR 30 was found in food chocolate matrices. Then an in vivo clinical trial was carried out for 20 healthy volunteers. The increase in faecal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli populations and the efficacy of the pre-prototype was promising for the future develop of potential commercial products.