999 resultados para contexte, interactions sociales et développement cognitif
Resumo:
Several questions about the story of Gen 2-3 remain unresolved in current scholarship. For instance, the implications and manifold consequences of the transgression act - the consumption of the forbidden fruit - are much debated. Interpreters generally agree that the story is connected to several "J" / "non-P" narratives of the primeval history. Besides the use of the tetragrammaton as the designation for God, a common characteristic of these stories is the strong opposition between Yhwh as a harsh deity on one hand and disobedient and transgressing humankind on the other. This paper reconsiders several open questions as well as the aforementioned consensus. The analysis of important motifs in Gen 2-3 leads to the conclusion that this story differs in theologically important ways from the postulated "J"-narrative in Genesis. This indicates that it was not composed as an integral part of that narrative. There are, in Gen 2-3, ideological features and linguistic elements typical of the "J" stratum, but they are all found in the sections that present Yhwh God's investigation and punishment of the couple (3,8-19.24). Since these verses are in tension with or even contradict their immediate context, it should be assigned to a redactional ("J") layer. According to this analysis, the transgression in Gen 2-3 should not be considered a sin. Rather, it is an important step in human evolution towards a self-conscious and autonomous being. The plot has a structure similar to some episodes in ancient Near Eastern myths. 'Initiation' functions as a central theme. Finally, the article discusses the literary milieu of the story. Because of several linguistic and thematic similarities with Gen 1, with P-texts in general, and with the book of Ezekiel, the relationship of Gen 2-3 to these literary entities needs to be reconsidered.
Resumo:
Cet article esquisse la situation actuelle des relations entre les sciences sociales et les neurosciences, dans une perspective épistémologique, historique et critique. Il aborde dans un premier temps les conditions d'émergence, le succès et les effets contrastés de la cérébralisation du sujet dans les sciences humaines et sociales, partagées entre neuro-scepticisme et neuro-optimisme. Dans un second temps, les auteurs proposent de déplacer le point de vue de la question classique du déterminisme biologique vers celle de la performativité sociale des sciences du cerveau. Ils analysent notamment la construction expérimentale et parfois problématique des inférences neuro-sociales qui sont au coeur des explications cérébralistes des comportements des sujets sociaux. L'article conclut sur une discussion de l'éventuelle complémentarité entre neurosciences et sciences sociales et humaines.
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1900 (A7,T26,N76)- (A7,T26,N78).
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1935 (A42,T164).
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1895 (A2,T4,N10)- (A2,T4,N12).
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1925 (A32,T122).
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1907/07 (A14,T53)-1907/09.
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1940 (A47,T183,N544).
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1919/07 (A26,T100)-1919/09.
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1931 (A38,T149).
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1900 (A7,T24,N70)- (A7,T24,N72).
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1913/07 (A20,T77)-1913/09.
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1940 (A47,T182,N542).
