La participación organizada en el desarrollo agro-rural del Paraguay: desafíos y propuestas

Incluye Bibliografía

Influência da disposição de efluente agro-industrial no solo através da irrigação por aspersão

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA

A formação da região canavieira de Araraquara: o papel do Estado e das agro-indústrias do açúcar e do álcool no processo de organização do espaço

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Contratistas, cambios tecnológicos y organizacionales en el agro argentino

Hasta no hace muchos años, en Argentina, la tenencia de la tierra era casi una condición suficiente para la producción agrícola. En los últimos años, el crecimiento en las cantidades obtenidas de granos, se ha dado en el contexto de una nueva forma de organización, donde son muy importantes otros factores productivos (capital –maquinarias-, capacidad empresarial), nuevos insumos (semillas transgénicas, nuevos agroquímicos y fertilizantes) y donde la tecnología que ambos tienen incorporada se potencia en agentes que acumularon un importante stock de conocimiento tácito. Más que por quién usa la tierra, el eje pasa por cómo la misma se utiliza. Los cambios tecnológicos y organizacionales tienen mucho que ver en la expansión agrícola argentina de las últimas décadas. Relacionado con estos factores e insumos, se destacan nuevos y remozados actores que, en conjunto con los productores y los eslabonamientos con la industria y los servicios, conforman y trabajan en forma de red (Bisang y Kosacoff, 2006). Como aporte a la descripción de este fenómeno, el objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar uno de esos protagonistas: los prestadores de servicios o contratistas. Se plantea como hipótesis que los cambios tecnológicos evidenciados en el agro fueron, en parte, canalizados hacia los productores por un actor (contratistas) que, especializado en la tenencia de un factor productivo (maquinaria), conjuga capacidad empresarial y financiera, necesidad por aplicar los cambios tecnológicos junto con conocimiento tácito, mayor posibilidad de diversificar el riesgo agropecuario y estrechas relaciones con el resto de los actores (dueños de la tierra, Centro de Servicios, etc.). A lo largo del trabajo se resume la interacción histórica entre los contratistas y la agricultura como una forma de caracterizar a estos empresarios y resaltar los aspectos que han influido en su expansión, convirtiéndolos en una peculiaridad de la agricultura argentina. Este repaso ofrece claros indicios sobre la hipótesis planteada -luego confirmados con información estadística- que, además, permite medir el peso de estos actores en la economía y su evolución reciente.

Upgrading value chains through professional and supporting services: Lessons from three agro-industry chains in El Salvador and Guatemala

Includes bibliography

Sugar markers in aerosol particles from an agro-industrial region in Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Structural properties of beds packed with agro-industrial solid by-products applicable for solid-state fermentation: Experimental data and effects on process performance

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Determining large scale actual evapotranspiration using agro-meteorological and remote sensing data in the northwest of Sao Paulo State, Brazil

The best irrigation management depends on accurate estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) and then selection of the appropriate crop coefficient for each phenological stage. However, the evaluation of water productivity on a large scale can be done by using actual evapotranspiration (ETa), determined by coupling agrometeorological and remote sensing data. This paper describes methodologies used for estimating ETa for 20 centerpivots using three different approaches: the traditional FAO crop coefficient (K-c) method and two remote sensing algorithms, one called SEBAL and other named TEIXEIRA. The methods were applied to one Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper image acquired in July 2010 over the Northwest portion of the Sao Paulo State, Brazil. The corn, bean and sugar cane crops are grown under center pivot sprinkler irrigation. ET0 was calculated by the Penman-Monteith method with data from one automated weather station close to the study site. The results showed that for the crops at effective full cover, SEBAL and TEIXEIRA's methods agreed well comparing with the traditional method. However, both remote sensing methods overestimated ETa according to the degree of exposed soil, with the TEIXEIRA method presenting closer ETa values with those resulted from the traditional FAO K-c method. This study showed that remote sensing algorithms can be useful tools for monitoring and establishing realistic K-c values to further determine ETa on a large scale. However, several images during the growing seasons must be used to establish the necessary adjustments to the traditional FAO crop coefficient method.

Bioactive compounds of the lipid fractions of agro-industrial waste

This study aimed at evaluating the oils extracted from seeds originating from agro-industrial waste, in order to identify the presence of bioactive compounds. Therefore, determinations of fatty acid profile, triacylglycerols, tocopherol composition, phytosterols, phenolic compounds, total carotenoids, and antioxidant capacity were performed in the oils of grape, guava, melon, passion fruit, pumpkin, soursop, and tomato seeds. Antioxidant capacity analysis was performed by the methods DPPH• , ABTS•+, FRAP, and β-carotene/linoleic acid, besides measure of oxidative stability in the oils. The oils showed to be predominantly unsaturated with high percentage of linoleic essential fatty acid (38.8 to 79.4%), besides presenting significant quantities of tocopherols, phytosterols, and phenolic compounds. Tomato and guava oils showed better results in the antioxidant capacity tests and pumpkin oil had higher induction period in the oxidative stability test (65.3 h). The results obtained in this study collect information that enables the use of new alternative sources of vegetable oils, obtained from agroindustrial waste, which may serve as raw material for food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries.

Weather variables, water balance, growth, and agro industrial yield of sugarcane

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Hygroscopic properties of solid agro-industrial by-products used in solid-state fermentation

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Energy recovery from agro-industrial wastewaters through biohydrogen production: kinetic evaluation and technological feasibility

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)