Dispositivo lúdico para ensino sobre reciclagem de material e coleta seletiva de lixo

Descrito como o presente Privilégio de Invenção, apresenta características de brinquedo, para assim estimular e ensinar crianças sobre a importância da reciclagem de materiais, bem como na manutenção das condições do meio ambiente em geral, de modo a tornar o agente ambiental uma figura conhecida.

Evaliação do impacto do programa de coleta seletiva de lixo na frequência de Calliphoridae e Muscidae em Tupã-SP

Este trabalho discute o uso da análise de frequência de moscas das famílias Calliphoridae e Muscidae na avaliação do impacto da implantação de programas de coleta seletiva de lixo urbano. Para isto, utilizou-se do estudo de caso de Tupã, município paulista, em duas fases distintas: fase 1 - compreendida entre os meses de junho e outubro de 2001, período caracterizado pela presença do lixão e; fase 2 - entre os meses de novembro de 2001 a maio de 2002, caracterizada pelo início da implantação do processo de coleta seletiva e reciclagem e aterramento gradativo do lixão. Procedeu-se a captura dos insetos com dez armadilhas confeccionadas com garrafas plásticas, de dois litros, do tipo PET, alocadas em residências e árvores ao redor do lixão. Como atrativo utilizou-se aproximadamente 400 ml de vinhaça de cana de açúcar, substituída semanalmente no ato da colheita. Nas duas fases da pesquisa, observou-se que a família mais frequente e constante foi a Calliphoridae.  Houve correlação positiva, antes da coleta seletiva, entre o número de califorídeos e a precipitação pluviométrica (0,638) e, entre o número de muscídeos e a temperatura média (0,605). Após a coleta, o mesmo não foi observado. O programa de coleta seletiva implantado nesse município paulista resultou em diminuição significativa na frequência de dípteros e a análise da flutuação de califorídeos e muscídeos demonstrou-se como um eficiente indicador de monitoramento da qualidade ambiental.

Potencialidade do gps de navegação garmin 12 xl utilizando um sistema de baixo custo

Since 2000 the use of the GPS navigation increases considerably. The reason for that was the deactivation of the selective availability in May 2000. However, these receivers do not register the observables, they just estimate and store them and that prevents the post-processing data. Based in this aspect some softwares were developed and are available for free. They allow recording the GPS observables, pseudorange and carrier phase. These programs are able to read in binary files and record information concerning the GPS observables and to convert binary format to a RINEX format. This study presents the GPS Garmin 12 XL evaluation using free programs. Two experiments were carried out in Presidente Prudente-SP region using the relative static survey. The processing was carried out with intervals of 30, 15, 10 and 5 minutes. The results were compared with the coordinates from a geodetic receiver and show that 98.9 % of the points, the values in relation to the planimetric accuracy were better than 0.50 m. The only baseline which the value was larger or equal to 0.50 m is the point M0001 (baseline lesser than 2 km) referred to the first experiment. In terms of precision the values did not exceeded 0.30 m.

Proposta para a estimativa da acurácia de redes geodésicas horizontais integrando análise de robustez e de covariância

The goal of this paper is to present a methodology for quality control of horizontal geodetic networks through robustness and covariance analysis. In the proposed methodology, the positional accuracy of each point is estimated by a possible bias in their position (based on robustness analysis), in addition to its own positional precision (uncertainty) (through covariance analysis), being a measure independently from the choice of the datum. Besides presenting the theoretical development of the method, its application is demonstrated in a numerical example. The results indicate that, in general, the greater the distance of an unknown point to the control(s) point(s) of the network, the greater is the propagation of random errors on this unknown point, and the smaller the number of redundant observations around a unknown point, the greater the influence of possible (undetected) non-random errors on this point.

Análise de viabilidade da coleta seletiva na cidade de Valparaíso - SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Relação entre acurácia na repetição de palavras e conhecimento lexical em crianças

There is in the literature a divergent description between lexical knowledge and word production accuracy. The aims of this study were: (a) to investigate the influence (effect) of the word lexical knowledge over production accuracy; (b) in case there is, to characterize acoustically this interference. Eight children (5-6 years old) with typical development language participated of this study. The methodological procedure consisted of: (a) survey of the children lexical knowledge concerning to IAFAC’s words; (b) recordings of the IAFAC’s words; (c) identifi cation and characterization of the linguistic cues, by acoustic analysis, in the IAFAC’s word production in function of the different knowledge degrees. Our results suggest a negative correlation (r=-0,13, p=0,000) between lexical knowledge and presence of the linguistics cues in word’s production. However, the linguistics cues refer to hesitative cues instead of phonological errors. Implications of these results for clinical practicing are discussed.

Estudo da viabilidade econômica da coleta seletiva e da compostagem dos resíduos sólidos do município de Guaratinguetá (SP)

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental - FEB

A gestão de resíduos sólidos domiciliares: coleta seletiva e reciclagem - a experiência de Rio Claro (SP)

O estudo objetivou pesquisar a aplicabilidade de métodos alternativos para amenizar o problema da disposição dos resíduos sólidos urbanos. Especificamente nesse trabalho os objetivos foram direcionados no sentido de desenvolver esforços para viabilizar a reciclagem e o reaproveitamento de materiais, medidas essas, que aumentarão a vida útil dos aterros sanitários. Além disso, procuramos fazer um trabalho de Educação Ambiental para a população envolvida, em uma tentativa de incentivar uma mudança de hábitos. Para tanto, foi selecionado um bairro da cidade de Rio Claro (SP), como um projeto-piloto, onde foram observados os obstáculos e os procedimentos acertados, para uma aplicação em futuros projetos.

Acurácia da avaliação clínica da disfagia orofaríngea na encefalopatia crônica não progressiva

Objetivo: analisar a acurácia da avaliação clínica da disfagia orofaríngea para detectar penetração e aspiração laringotraqueal na encefalopatia crônica não progressiva. Métodos: participaram deste estudo 45 indivíduos com ECNP e disfagia orofaríngea, sendo 28 do sexo masculino e 17 do sexo feminino, faixa etária variando de 3 a 19 anos. A avaliação clínica da deglutição utilizou protocolo específico e a videofluoroscopia de deglutição (VFD) foi utilizada como padrão ouro. Resultados: verificou-se que houve sensibilidade de 80,0% (IC 95%: [82,7;100]), especificidade de 46,67% (IC 95%: [18,1;75,3]), valor preditivo positivo de 77,78% (IC 95%: [62,8;92,8]) e valor preditivo negativo de 77,78% (IC 95%: [45,1;100]). Conclusão: constatou-se que a avaliação fonoaudiológica clínica da disfagia orofaríngea na ECNP apresenta maior sensibilidade que especificidade.

Análise das centrais de triagem do programa de coleta seletiva da cidade de São Paulo - SP

Among numerous studies about the selective collection of solid waste and cooperatives of recyclable materials, this research aims to contribute with the study of these problems from the geographic space. As the world population increases, the issue of solid waste becomes increasingly worrying, due to new consumption patterns that create larger amounts of waste, especially in the urban centers. The recycling appears to be the best solution for this problem since most materials that are currently sent to landfills would become raw material for new products. The Triage Centers performs an important role in this process because they are responsible for sorting, packing and selling the materials arising from the selective collect, so it is necessary to analyze the places where these steps are performed. This study intend to examine the location and distribution of these enterprises in the city of São Paulo in order to provide support for the mitigation of impacts, both environmental and social, from their location, as well as provide support for the expansion of selective collection program in the city. The choice for studying this area was due to the curiosity of investigating the inefficiency of the recycling program in the city of São Paulo, which currently recycles about 1% of all household solid waste collected. Therefore, from a historical survey of the city's recycling programs, technical visits, interviews with responsible agencies and also analysis of the Triage Center's frameworks based on the guidelines from the municipal legislation, it will be evaluated the problems faced by the program for its expansion

Acurácia da mosaicagem gerada por veículo aéreo não tripulado utilizado na agricultura de precisão

The need for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is a Brazilian reality in the worlds agricultural, once they have models penetrating the market with agrictural purpose. After processing, the images collected by a UAV can generate a mosaic of the study area. For making and georeferencing the mosaic, can be deployed or not ground control points. Thus, the study aimed to compare a mosaic with ground control points and without ground control points generated from images collected by a UAV used primarily for agricultural purposes. The results showed that the quality in the determination of areas and perimeters no presented significant difference with or without the use of ground control points. The mosaic generated without ground control points obtained an average error of 23.7% of the pixel size; with ground control points, the average error was 10.6%, providing an improvement of approximately 50%. Planimetric and altimetric errors, with respect to the ground control points, for the controlled mosaic, reached the order of decimeters, with planimetric accuracy of 12.8 cm, a result considered satisfactory taking into account mainly the purpose of assessed UAV

Políticas Públicas de Resíduos Sólidos e a Coleta Seletiva em Regente Feijó - SP

This research was mainly focused on public policy analysis of solid waste, and the National Policy and State Solid Waste, as well as determining the performance of the Blue Green Municipality strategic project in relation to the management of municipal solid waste in Regente Feijó, São Paulo. The objective of this research was to analysis of the consequences of the deployment project of selective collection and integration of recyclable material collectors in an association of collectors, called the Association of Recyclable Material Collectors Rock, held in the city from the year 2008, with effective implementation in 2010. We analyzed the actions of the municipal government since the implementation of selective collection, to the development of the Association. The methodology used was literature concerning the issue; routine field surveys to monitor the activities in the landfill and association of collectors, collecting data from questionnaires appropriate to the research topic. We sought to examine old and new forms of urban solid waste management, the evolution of the historical process of this issue in the city and its social and environmental impacts, and the collectors the main social actors in this process. The complexity that addresses this issue was dealt with in this dynamic study, analyzing all parts involved

O trabalho dos catadores de materiais recicláveis de Presidente Prudente, São Paulo: um estudo aplicado na COOPERLIX e na coleta seletiva municipal

This work focuses on analyzing the organization of the Workers Cooperative Recyclable Products of Presidente Prudente (COOPERLIX) and selective collection of municipal service. Aiming to analyze the issue of solid waste and the work of collectors of recyclable materials in an organized Economic Development Outreach (ESS). Throughout the work was carried out theoretical approaches on the issue of solid waste, the precarious work of scavengers, some laws, among others, were conducted several field studies over the years 2011 and 2012 in COOPERLIX, with the realization meetings and debates on various subjects; tools were also used Geographic Information Systems mainly in the production of selective collection of municipal map, now at 100% of the urban area of Presidente Prudente. Finally, we carried out a comprehensive analysis of the situation of the productive and financial COOPERLIX during those two years, checking their capability and weaknesses

Acurácia e precisão na formulação não linear de ração para frangos de corte: avanço e otimização de resultados

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Acurácia das medidas de limas endodônticas em radiografias digital e convencional: estudo in vitro em dentes decíduos

The objective of this study is to evaluate the measurement accuracy of endodontic files obtained by digital and conventional radiographies in primary teeth. Kerr and Hedströen files (# 20), with the reference as the apparent length of tooth, were inserted in the root canal of 18 extracted primary teeth, which were x-rayed by digital and conventional techniques. Measurements from a reference point to the apical end were carried out by an experienced operator twice in a week. An electronic ruler was used for the digital method and a caliper was used for the conventional method. The data were subjected to Pearson correlation test and Student´s t test (p = 0.05). The correlation between the first and the second measurements was r = 0.99, regardless the type of file and method. Comparing the measurements within the methods, the agreement was r = 0.96 for Kerr and r = 0.95 for Hedströen files. The values of length files in the digital radiographies were statistically lower than that obtained in the conventional radiographies (p = 0.02). However, the values obtained by the two methods were statistically similar to real length of teeth for Kerr files (p = 0.29) and for Hedströen files (p = 0.18). The digital radiography was a more trustful method to obtain the lengths of endodontic files.