Métodos e estratégias em proteômica e suas aplicações na área vegetal

A implementação da espectrometria de massa (MS) para as análises de peptídeos (MS) e de aminoácidos (MS em tandem ou MS/MS) tornou possível a identificação de centenas de proteínas em experimentos únicos. Uma grande variedade de estratégias está disponível atualmente para o fracionamento e a purificação de amostras, a identificação de proteínas, a quantificação, a análise de modificações pós-traducionais (MPT's) e os estudos de interação. Dessa forma, a proteômica abre novas perspectivas na biologia de plantas com ênfase nos estudos de variabilidade genética, estresses fisiológicos e desenvolvimento de plantas.

A fotossíntese vegetal no 3º ano do Ensino médio: concepções alternativas, erros conceituais e uma proposta de unidade didática baseada no Desenvolvimento Sustentável.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Geoprocessamento aplicado a gestão de informações territoriais do município de Grossos-RN :estudo multitemporal do uso e ocupação do solo

The present work was carried through in the Grossos city - RN and had as main objectives the elaboration of an physicist-ambient, socioeconomic survey and execution a multisecular evaluation of 11 years, between 1986 and 1996, using remote sensing products, to evaluate the modifications of the land use, aiming at the generation of an information database to implementation a geographical information system (GIS) to management the this city. For they had been in such a way raised given referring the two Demographic Censuses carried through by the IBGE (1991 and 2000) and compared, of this form was possible to the accomplishment of an evaluation on the demographic aspects (degree of urbanization, etária structure, educational level) and economic (income, habitation, vulnerability, human development). For the ambient physical survey the maps of the natural resources had been confectioned (simplified geology, hydrography, geomorphologi, veget covering, ground association, use and occupation), based in comments of field and orbital products of remote sensoriamento (images Spot-HRVIR, Landsat 5-TM and IKONOS - II), using itself of techniques of digital picture processing. The survey of these data and important in the identification of the potentialities and fragilities of found ecosystems, therefore allows an adequate planning of the partner-economic development by means of an efficient management. The project was part of a partnership between the Grossos city hall the municipal City hall of Grossos - RN and the Geoscience post-graduate program of the UFRN, more specifically the Geomatica laboratory LAGEOMA

Uso de habitat e comportamento do boto-cinza sotalia guianensis em uma zona estuarina do estado de Sergipe, nordeste do Brasil a biotecnologia vegetal como alternativa para a cotonicu

To clarify the functional mechanisms of habitat use is necessary to analyze it in conjunction with the conduct performed by animals. The occurrence, distribution and use of space are characteristic of a species resulting from habitat selection that is in search of conditions favorable to its survival. One can relate the physical and biological factors of the environment with the ecological characteristics of the species, since these factors act by regulating the ecological success of organisms, and from there you can get important information about the habitat use and behavior of individuals. This study aimed to characterize the use of habitat and diurnal activity expressed by the Guiana dolphin, Sotalia guianensis in an estuarine area of Sergipe state, Brazil, analyzing the influence of tide and time days on the occurrence of animals and behavior s state, and group s size and composition in this cetacean species. From March 2009 to February 2010, focal groups observations of dolphins were made from fixed - point and records snapshots of data taken every 5 min. in the interval from 6 a.m to 6 p.m, in alternating shifts. The results showed that the constant presence of animals in the area of the Sergipe River estuary indicates that this is an important area of occurrence of S. guianensis, which use the region mainly in the morning, at low tide and as a feeding. As in other regions of northeastern Brazil, small groups formed 2-12 individuals were most common, with adults and immatures. The high frequency of immature animals may indicate that this area of the estuary is used as brood area and parental care of pups and young animals, since the immature animals were very associated with adults and monitoring the activities of foraging / feeding may be related to a form of learning or training of such behavior

Matéria seca e produção de grãos de Crotalaria juncea L. submetida à poda e adubação fosfatada

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Preparação de resinas de poliuretana à base de óleo de mamona e dietanolamina

The aim of this work was the preparation of polyols from reactions between castor oil and dietanolamine to increase the hydroxyl content and the network degree in the products to application in electronic devices. The polyols and the mixtures obtained were characterized by nuclear magnetic ressonance. Castor oil (CO) is a natural triglyceride - based polyol possessing hydroxyl groups, which allow several reactions that produce many different products. Among them are the polyurethanes (PU), which have been considered an ideal product for the covering of electricelectronic circuits, due to their excellent electrical, shock-absorbing, solvents resistance and hydrolytic stability properties. About 90% of the fatty acids present in the castor oil are ricinoleic acid (12-hydroxyoleic acid), while the remaining 10% correspond to non-hydroxylated fatty acids, mainly linoleic and oleic acids. The chemical analysis of castor oil indicates a hydroxyl number of 2.7. In this work, a polyol was obtained by the reaction of the CO with diethanolamine (DEA), in order to elevate the hydroxyl value from 160 to 230 or to 280 mgKOH/g, and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) 1H and 13C (Mercury 200). The polyadition of the resulting polyol with isophorone diisocianate (IPDI) was carried out at 60°C, and the reaction kinetics was followed by rheological measurements in a Haake RS150 rheometer. The electrical properties were determined in a HP LCR Meter 4262A, at 1.0 Hz and 10.0 KHz. The chemical analysis showed that the polyols obtained presented hydroxyl number from 230 to 280 mgKOH/g. The polyadition reaction with IPDI produced polyurethane resins with the following properties: hardness in the range from 45 shore A to 65 shore D (ASTM D2240); a dielectric constant of 3.0, at 25°C (ASTM D150). Those results indicate that the obtained resins present compatible properties to the similar products of fossil origin, which are used nowadays for covering electric-electronic circuits. Therefore, the PUs from castor oil can be considered as alternative materials of renewable source, free from the highly harmful petroleum - derived solvents

Persistência de palhada e liberação de nutrientes do nabo forrageiro no plantio direto

A palhada das plantas de cobertura, mantida sobre o solo no plantio direto, representa uma reserva de nutrientes para cultivos subseqüentes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a decomposição e a liberação de macronutrientes de resíduos de nabo forrageiro. O experimento foi realizado no campo, durante o ano de 1998, no Município de Marechal Cândido Rondon, PR. O nabo forrageiro foi dessecado e manejado com rolo-faca 30 dias após a emergência. Avaliaram-se a persistência de palhada e a liberação de nutrientes dos resíduos aos 0, 13, 35 e 53 dias após o manejo. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. O nabo forrageiro produziu, até o estádio de pré-florescimento, elevada quantidade de massa seca da parte aérea em cultivo de inverno (2.938 kg ha-1), acumulando 57,2, 15,3, 85,7, 37,4, 12,5 e 14,0 kg ha-1, respectivamente, de N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S. O manejo do nabo forrageiro no estádio de pré-florescimento apresenta rápida degradação da palhada, acarretando liberação de quantidades significativas de macronutrientes. Os nutrientes disponibilizados em maior quantidade e velocidade para a cultura subseqüente, são o K e o N. A maior velocidade de liberação de macronutrientes pelo nabo forrageiro ocorre no período compreendido entre 10 e 20 dias após o manejo da fitomassa.

Adubação nitrogenada em soja na implantação do sistema plantio direto

The vegetal residues maintenance on soil surface, characteristic of no-tillage system have changing the nutrients availability. So, in this sense, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of times of N application on corn sowed in no tillage system under vegetable residues of different species used for soil covering and straw supply in the cerrado area. The experiment was carried out in field conditions, in an Oxisol characteristic of this area. The treatments were constituted by the combination of different times of N application: (43+23+20+00); (00+70+20+00); (00+00+90+00); (00+00+20+70); (00+00+00+90) with an control treatment (absence of nitrogen), in kg ha(-1), respectively 30 days before the desiccation, at desiccation, at sowing and at sidedress of corn, sowed directly on Penisetum americanum and Brachiaria decumbens residues. By the results it can be concluded that nitrogen application in soybean, independent of time, does not increase productivity in relation to the treatment without nitrogen application.

Correlação linear e espsacial entre a produtividade de feijão e a porosidade de um Latossolo Vermelho de Selvíria (MS)

Soil porosity influences plant development since root growth and crop yield are determined by the root depth. The objective of this study was to investigate the linear and spatial variability and correlations between common bean yield and soil porosity. The bean grain yield of the irrigated cultivar Carioca IAC was analyzed in the growing season 2004/2005, in Selviria-MS, as well as macroporosity (MA), microporosity (MI) and total porosity (TP), in a Dystroferric Red Latosol, at four depths: 1 (0.0-0.10 m), 2 (0.10-0.20 M), 3 (0.20-0.30 m) and 4 (0.30-0.40 m). Soil and plant data were collected in a geostatistical grid with 135 points spaced 10 m apart, covering an area of 50 x 150 m. The data of the studied attributes did not vary randomly and the values were intermediate to low. They followed well-defined spatial standards, reaching between 11.70-104.40 m. on the other hand, the linear correlation between the plant and soil attributes was low, due to the high number of observations. Grain yield had the best linear correlations with MA1b, MI1 and TP3. From the spatial point of view, the inverse correlation between PG and #TP2 was outstanding. At the sites where #TP2 diminished (0.030-0.045 m(3) m(-3)) the yield varied from 2,173 to 3,529 kg ha(-1) and where it increased (0.045-0.076 m(3) m(-3)), the yield was between 1,630 and 2,173 kg ha(-1). Therefore, the total soil porosity, evaluated in the 0.10-0.20 m layer (#TP2), indicated the importance of the contact root/soil and was in turn a satisfactory indicator of soil physical quality, with a view to the grain yield of irrigated common bean.

A contribuição da biotecnologia vegetal para o desenvolvimento da cajucultura familiar no município de Serra do Mel (RN)

This work focuses the familiar cajuculture at Serra of Mel (RN) that presents a geographic and climatic structure favourable to the development of the cajuculture; the interaction between the ambient factors and agriculture in the region provides a propitious environment to the culture of the cashew; the objective of present work was associate ambient, economic, social and cultural factors of this municipy with the possibility of a sustainable agriculture associated with the vegetal biotechnology

Análise fitoecológica do manguezal e ocupação das margens do estuário hipersalino apodi/mossoró (rn brasil) a biotecnologia vegetal como alternativa para a cotonicultura

The mangrove is a coastal ecosystem of the big ecological importance, showing high fragility front by natural process and the human interventions in the coastal zone. This research has objective to analyses the relation between mangrove species distribution and geochemical parameters variation of the water and soil in Apodi/Mossoro estuary, located in the Rio Grande do Norte state north coastline. The results were obtained from floristic and structural analysis of the vegetation and Quick Bird satellite images interpretation (collected in 2006 year), manipulated with ENVI 4.3 and ArcGIS 9.2 software s. This estuary was characterized by to presents a gradient of the salinity around 40 kilometers extension, finding amount between 50 and 90 g/l-1. Will be identified the formation of the mix vegetation formation in the estuary mount, where the water salinity no show express wide variation on seawater (36 g/l-1), finding species: Rhizophora mangle L., Laguncularia racemosa (L.) C. F. Gaertn, Avicennia schaueriana Stap. & Leechman e Avicennia germinans L. Along of the estuary, have a streak formation of the vegetation composed by Avicennia spp. and L. racemosa. In high estuary, where the salinities value stay above 60 g/l-1, only A. germinans predominate in dwarf form. In this sense, the salinity is as a limiting factor of stress on the mangrove vegetation as it enters the estuary, this parameter should be taken into account when drawing up management plans and environmental restoration in the estuary in question

A biotecnologia vegetal como alternativa para a cotonicultura familiar sustentável

This paper aims to describe the familiar cotton culture in the districts of Tangará and Triunfo Potiguar, located in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. It relates specific problems that small cotton agriculturists face in the cotton production and sale as well as their perception in relation to public policies that have been put into practice in these districts. The research revealed soils with potentiality for the cotton culture, but that are not being cultivated for anything else but subsistence, not being able to become productive, specifically through the cotton culture. That activity should be practiced so that it preserves the environment and the familiar farmers themselves, since it was verified they are constant1y exposed to health problems due to insecticides use. In what refers to fomentation policies it was observed that bureaucracy delays the liberation of the money destined to production, seeds delivery and other actions related to production and commercialization. Some procedures such as information and training about productivity development and attention with the environrnent and infrastructure are recommended. The results indicate lack of investments, rural credit and technical help, main1y in Triunfo Potiguar. There is unanimity, from the rural farmers of that district in what refers to the desire of improving the production and remaining in that activity. In this sense, the contribution of this research for the most appropriate culture production can be materialized through the technique of tissue's culture, aimed at obtaining plants that are resistant to diseases. The data indicated that the hormonal supplementations used induced regenerative calluses making in vitro morphogenesis possible in alI tested varieties. The use of the activated coal antioxidant was efficient, reducing oxidation, however not suppressing it. The results lead to an opportunity for the familiar tàrmers from Rio Grande do Norte enlarge the cotton culture, because to obtain plants that are resistant to diseases implies in insecticides reduction, propitiating smaller impact to the atmosphere and less cost

Caracterização sócio-ambiental do bairro de Felipe Camarão- Natal/ RN

The rapid growth of the Brazilian cities in the latest years has brought a series of problems regarding housing policies and, therefore, the provision of dwellings for the low-income class people. Following the pattern of other capital cities, Natal has repeated the pattern of urbanization practiced in the country, which concentrates the low-income class inhabitants in specific zones of the city known as peripheries or even in a dwelling place for less-favored classes such as Felipe Camarão, which is one of ten boroughs belonging to the western administrative zone, a region which has historically received less attention from the public administrators towards infrastructure investments. Based on those aspects, the general objective of this work is to investigate which main social-environmental alterations have resulted from the processes of urbanization and field occupation in that area. The specific objectives are concerned with verifying 1) the process of urbanization and the process of dividing urban soil from the 1960s; 2) the current configuration of the public spaces in the borough; 3) the process of the deprivation of the original landscape characteristics of Environmental Protection Zones; 4) the dynamics of land occupation which are predominant in dune areas; 5) the dynamics of land occupation which are predominant in mangrove areas; 6) and the destruction of green covering on the land with its consequent alteration of the local floristic pattern. The methodology consisted of in-loco visits; the application of questionnaires as community research; a survey of bibliography published by the organisms and institutions in charge of carrying out the city hall s environmental and housing policies; and descriptive statistics of the collected data. Concerning the pattern of occupation which is predominant in the borough, the treatment of space dispensed by the local dwellers has culminated in the emergence and consolidation of environmental alterations which are clearly different from common occurrence in both the building area represented by housing complexes and in the green areas represented by dunes and mangroves. The data show that there was the predominance of the irregular land occupation process over the official housing policy during the population settlement which contributed with a series of frequent and foreseeable problems in the dynamics of urbanization of poverty such as invasions and appropriations of land parcels, the beginning of irregular arrangement of streets, the formation of villages and slums, which are full of self-constructed housing units, and the occupation and degradation of susceptibly fragile environmental areas such as the dune slopes and the mangroves

Vegetal polymer in repair of defects of the orbital floor: an experimental study in rabbits

Background: An experimental study was done to assess the ability of the vegetal polymer miniplates and screws to repair defects of the orbital floor.Methods: An artificial standard-sized defect was created in the bony floor of right orbit of 45 albino rabbits. The animals were divided into three experimental groups: control group (G1) involving animals with orbital floor defect and no treatment; titanium group (G2) containing animals with orbital floor defect repaired by titanium miniplates and screws; vegetal polymer group (G3) composed of animals with similar orbital floor defects repaired by vegetal polymer miniplates and screws. Throughout the course of the experiment, the animals were clinically evaluated. At 15, 30 and 60 days after surgery, the animals were killed. They were X-rayed immediately after the floor defect and at the moment of sacrifice. Histological and morphometric evaluation of inflammatory reaction and bone healing was done. Data were statistically evaluated.Results: No implants were extruded. Bone consolidation was similar in G2 and G3 and better than in G1 group animals. Inflammatory reaction was most pronounced in animals of G3 15 days after surgery, and it subsided over time.Conclusion: Vegetal polymer miniplates and screws induces small inflammatory reaction and had the ability to stimulate bone growth with good integration in the orbital floor defect allowing to consider the vegetal polymer adequate option to treat orbital floor defects. Future studies involving long-term follow-up and biomechanical tests to evaluate material resistance to traction are needed.

Própolis e cera vegetal na conservação de abacate Hass

The aim of this work was to evaluate the quality of Hass avocado submitted to application of propolis and vegetable wax. The selected fruits were submitted to the treatments (1) without wax and without propolis, (2) with vegetable wax, (3) propolis alcoholic extract 100%, (4) wax and etanol 70%, (5) propolis alcoholic extract 2% and wax, (6) propolis alcoholic extract 4% and wax, (7) propolis alcoholic extract 6% and wax, (8) propolis alcoholic extract 8% and wax, and (9) propolis alcoholic extract 10% and wax. The fruits were maintained under refrigeration (10 +/- 1 degrees C and 90 +/- 5% relative humidity), being appraised every three days for 15 days and more 3 days of commercialization simulation at room temperature (23 +/- 1 degrees C and 18% relative humidity). The evaluation parameters were the weight loss, respiratory activity, pH, firmness, tritable acidity (AT), soluble solids (SS), and ratio. The results of weigth loss, respiratory activity and firmness were the most significant to show the difference among the treatments. 'Hass' avocado fruits submitted the application of propolis associated the vegetable wax present smaller weight loss, CO2 production and firmness in relation to the control fruits. The fruits of the treatment with propolis alcoholic extract 2% and wax presented the most promising results.