“L'arma più forte” La propaganda cinematografica nella guerra civile spagnola (1936-1939) Proposta di sottotitolaggio del documentario anarchico “Los Aguiluchos de la FAI por tierras de Aragón. Reportaje n° 1, Estampas de la revolución antifascista” e del documentario franchista “La liberación de Madrid”

Dal 1936 al 1939 la Spagna dovette fare i conti con gli orrori di una guerra che aveva diviso in due il paese, sia ideologicamente che geograficamente, facendogli vivere una tragedia ancora oggi tangibile nel tessuto sociale e politico della penisola iberica. Questo conflitto, che aveva suscitato l’interesse di molti, raggiunse un livello tale di sperimentazione, sia in campo militare, sia in quello civile, da essere considerato un banco di prova per la seconda guerra mondiale. Il progetto di tesi, attraverso l’analisi e il sottotitolaggio di due documentari, uno anarchico e l’altro franchista, intende presentare una ricerca che ha come focus primario lo studio della propaganda cinematografica durante il periodo della guerra civile spagnola. Il cinema che, proprio negli anni Trenta, si era definitivamente affermato anche grazie all’introduzione del sonoro, fu presto considerato un potente mezzo di comunicazione divenendo un’arma di persuasione della quale, entrambi gli schieramenti con tempistiche diverse, si servirono per indottrinare la popolazione e giustificare la propria azione militare. Il cinema, pertanto, fu messo al servizio della guerra. Nel primo capitolo di questo elaborato verrà presentato il quadro storico di riferimento con la definizione delle cause, dell’evoluzione e delle ideologie in campo durante il conflitto. Il secondo capitolo si concentrerà sull’analisi dei due sistemi di propaganda, quella repubblicana e quella nazionalista, con un’attenzione principale nei confronti della propaganda cinematografica e delle sue diverse espressioni politiche nella penisola iberica. In questo capitolo si farà, inoltre, accenno alla produzione cinematografica internazionale riferita al conflitto spagnolo durante gli anni della guerra e in quelli immediatamente successivi. Infine, nel terzo e ultimo capitolo, si prenderanno in analisi i due documentari sottotitolati (“Los Aguiluchos de la FAI por tierras de Aragón, Reportaje nº1, Estampas de la revolución antifascista” e “La Liberación de Madrid”, con la presentazione dell’analisi tecnica e contenutistica degli stessi. Per concludere, verranno indicate le strategie traduttive impiegate durante la fase di traduzione e riportati esempi concreti ad esse riferite.

The Civil War in Southern Sudan and Its Effect on Youth and Children

The Civil War in Sudan, which began in June 1983, has caused a numbers of social, cultural and economical problems for Sudan. Many social changes took place, not only in the southern Sudan, where the war has been fought since its inception, but also in the Sudanese Nation as a whole. In this contribution, I would like to give a short summary about the effect of the war on the Sudanese society, in general, and on youth and children, in particular. This is important, because youth and children are the future of every nation. Because the youth and children in southern Sudan are gravely affected by the current war, this article will specifically address these effects. Youth and children in the North of the country are, however, almost equally affected by the conflict. After discussing historical background of Sudan and its political and developmental condition, I will briefly summarize the social situation and the role of social work in Sudan during and after the conflict.

The Devil’s Calculus: Mathematical Models of Civil War

In spite of the movement to turn political science into a real science, various mathematical methods that are now the staples of physics, biology, and even economics are thoroughly uncommon in political science, especially the study of civil war. This study seeks to apply such methods - specifically, ordinary differential equations (ODEs) - to model civil war based on what one might dub the capabilities school of thought, which roughly states that civil wars end only when one side’s ability to make war falls far enough to make peace truly attractive. I construct several different ODE-based models and then test them all to see which best predicts the instantaneous capabilities of both sides of the Sri Lankan civil war in the period from 1990 to 1994 given parameters and initial conditions. The model that the tests declare most accurate gives very accurate predictions of state military capabilities and reasonable short term predictions of cumulative deaths. Analysis of the model reveals the scale of the importance of rebel finances to the sustainability of insurgency, most notably that the number of troops required to put down the Tamil Tigers is reduced by nearly a full order of magnitude when Tiger foreign funding is stopped. The study thus demonstrates that accurate foresight may come of relatively simple dynamical models, and implies the great potential of advanced and currently unconventional non-statistical mathematical methods in political science.

Narrar para contarlo : Labrando la memoria histórica en Beatus ille de Antonio Muñoz Molina

Este artículo tiene por objeto analizar la formación de un discurso como «nueva memoria¼ que sobre los sucesos del pasado se delinean en Beatus ille . Este discurso se teje sobre la biografía y la obra de un poeta perdido de la generación del 27, y se detiene enfáticamente en 1968, desconociendo el presente inmediato en el que se escribe y publica esta novela.

Narrar para contarlo : Labrando la memoria histórica en Beatus ille de Antonio Muñoz Molina

Este artículo tiene por objeto analizar la formación de un discurso como «nueva memoria¼ que sobre los sucesos del pasado se delinean en Beatus ille . Este discurso se teje sobre la biografía y la obra de un poeta perdido de la generación del 27, y se detiene enfáticamente en 1968, desconociendo el presente inmediato en el que se escribe y publica esta novela.

Narrar para contarlo : Labrando la memoria histórica en Beatus ille de Antonio Muñoz Molina

Este artículo tiene por objeto analizar la formación de un discurso como «nueva memoria¼ que sobre los sucesos del pasado se delinean en Beatus ille . Este discurso se teje sobre la biografía y la obra de un poeta perdido de la generación del 27, y se detiene enfáticamente en 1968, desconociendo el presente inmediato en el que se escribe y publica esta novela.

Features of Land Conflicts in Post Civil War Rwanda

Land conflicts in Rwanda have attracted particular attention because they have both environmental and political causes. This paper attempts to shed light on the nature of land conflicts in present-day Rwanda based on popular justice records and interviews collected in two rural areas. From the analyses of these data, two types of land confl ict can be distinguished. The first type consists of those among family members. Given that land is the most important asset for ordinary rural households, its inheritance often brings about conflicts between right-holders. Those of the second type are triggered by political change. Impacts of the two national-level violent conflicts in Rwanda, the “social revolution” just before independence and the civil war in the 1990s, are of tremendous significance in this context. The military victory of the former rebels in 1994 caused a massive return of Tutsi refugees, who were officially permitted to acquire land from the original inhabitants. Although no serious protestation against this policy has occurred thus far, it has produced various land conflicts. Dealing with potential grievances among original inhabitants is an important challenge for the present government.

The Universality of Civil War Definitions: A Study of How Regional Considerations Impact Civil War in Somalia, Colombia, and Angola

Civil war is a socially intimate phenomenon. The viability of the conflict hinges on recruitment for the cause, military strategy, community support, and a variety of other conditional factors. Despite this dependence on local society, many researchers approach civil war from a global perspective, attempting to discover universal truths about this kind of conflict. This capstone project focuses on restricting the operating parameters of civil war research projects to the span of a single continent, hoping to achieve deeper insight by focusing the research using a more culturally sensitive set of parameters. By using cultural data to guide civil war research, conflict indicators can tailor conflict prevention to escalating violent scenarios.

Cartel de la Exposición: "Muro Mediterráneo: arquitecturas para la defensa de la Guerra de España (1936-1939)"

Cartel de la Exposición: "Muro Mediterráneo: arquitecturas para la defensa de la Guerra de España (1936-1939)" que se celebra del 31-enero al 28-febrero de 2014 en la Sala Polivalente del Museo de la Universidad de Alicante.