Synthesis, properties and characterization of N-Alkyl substituted b-Diketiminato copper(I) Complexes

Le ligand nacnacxylH (xyl = C6Me2H3) et les ligands dikétimines N-alkyle substitués (nacnacCH(Me)PhH, nacnacBnH and nacnaciPrH) ont été préparés avec de bons rendements à l’exception du nacnaciPrH (23%) en utilisant un protocole en une étape et à l’aide d’un montage Dean-Stark. La réaction du S,S-nacnacCH(Me)PhH et du nacnacBnH avec le nBuLi dans le THF conduit au S,S-nacnacCH(Me)PhLi(THF) et au nacnacBnLi(THF). Les tentatives de bromation de ces composés par le N-bromosuccinimide conduisent plutôt aux ligands S,S-succnacnacCH(Me)PhH et succnacnacBnH (succ = succinimido) substitués par un groupement succinimido sur le carbone  La chloration par le N-chlorosuccinimide conduit au produit désiré, mais avec des impuretés. La réaction de ces ligands avec le CuOtBu (ou bien MesCu, où Mes = C6Me3H2, et une quantité catalytique de CuOtBu) en présence de bases de Lewis donne les (nacnacxylCu)2(-toluène), nacnacxylCuCNC6H3(Me)2, nacnacCH(Me)PhCuL (L = PPh3, PMe3, CNC6H3(Me)2, DMAP, lutidine, Py, MeCN), nacnacBnCuL (L = PPh3, CNC6H3(Me)2, styrène, trans-stilbene, phenylvinylether, acrylonitrile, diphenylacetylène), nacnaciPrCuL (L = PPh3, CNC6H3(Me)2, MeCN) et le succnacnacCH(Me)PhCuL (PPh3, CNC6H3(Me)2, pyridine). Tous ces complexes sont jaunes et sensibles à l’air et à l’humidité. En l’absence de fortes bases de Lewis, on n’observe pas de réaction entre les précurseurs de cuivre et les ligands N-alkyle substitués. Les études RMN des complexes dans le C6D6 ne présentent pas de complexe de toluène mais un mélange à l’équilibre du (nacnacxylCu)2(-C6D6) et nacnacxylCu(C6D6) dans une proportion de 2 pour 1. Alors que l’addition de plus de cinquante équivalents soit de THF, soit de toluène n’induit aucun changement des spectres RMN, l’addition de 2 équivalents de MeCN conduit instantanément au complexe nacnacxylCu(MeCN). De plus, le (nacnacxylylCu)2(-C6D6) ne se coordone ni ne réagit avec le N2O, même après avoir été chauffé à 60°C pendant treize jours. En présence de DPA (diphenylacétylène), la réaction du nacnacBnH avec le CuOtBu conduit au dimère ponté (nacnacBnCu)2(µ-DPA). L’addition d’un excès de DPA (10-12 équivalents) transforme le dimère ponté en complexe lié en position terminale nacnacBnCuDPA. Les nacnacRH (R = CH(Me)Ph et i-Pr) ne forment pas de complexe ni avec les oléfines ni avec le DPA. Une réactivité similaire a été observée avec les complexes de nacnacCH(Me)PhCu(NCMe) et nacnaci-PrCu(NCMe). Tandis que le complexe lié en position terminale par MeCN a été isolé et caractérisé, l’équilibre en solution nous laisse suspecter la formation d’un complexe d’acétonitrile ponté. Des études de réactivité comparatives ont été menées sur quelques complexes de cuivre. La Morpholine ne réagit pas avec le nacnacBnCu(acrylonitrile) contrairement à l’acrylonitrile libre. L’expérience de l’échange d’oléfine montre que l’acrylonitrile (une oléfine électro-attractrice) se lie plus fortement que les autres oléfines, mettant ainsi en évidence l’importance de la rétrodonation  face à la donation La rétrodonation est cependant faible comparée aux autres complexes de styrène structurellement caractérisés. Les complexes nacnacCH(Me)PhCuL (L = PPh3 et MeCN) ont été employés dans la cyclopropanation catalytique du styrène et dans l’addition conjuguée du ZnEt2 sur la 2-cyclohexénone, mais les résultats indiquent que le ligand dikétimine est éliminé avant son entrée dans le cycle catalytique. Par conséquent, il n’y a pas d’induction chirale. Les complexes tétra coordinées de cuivre avec les nacnacRCu(phen) (R = Bn, CH(Me)Ph et Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, 2-Mes-1,10-phenanthroline, 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (dmp) et 2,9-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (dpp)) ont été synthétisés. Ces complexes sont d’une intense couleur bleue et des interactions d’empilement entre l’un des cycles phényle des ligands nacnac et la phénanthroline ont été observées dans les structures à l’état solide. Les mesures en absorption UV-visible ont été effectuées dans le toluène et les bandes MLCT sont déplacées vers le rouge par rapport à celles des complexes de cuivre et bisphénanthroline. Tous ces composés émettent à l’état solide mais les complexes 1,10-phenanthroline et 2-Mes-1,10-phenanthroline n’émettent pas en solution. Pour renforcer les interactions d’empilement , les nouveaux ligands nacnacRH (R = CH2C6H2(OMe)3, CH2C6F5) et leurs complexes de cuivre respectifs ont été préparés avec du dmp et dpp. Afin de permettre la comparaison, le nacnaciBuCu(dmp) a été synthétisé. Alors que les complexes dmp montrent une augmentation des interactions intramoléculaires - avec les substituants phényle du ligand dikétimine et de la phénanthroline, les complexes dpp ne révèlent pas de telles interactions. Les complexes perfluorés montrent, en absorption et en émission, un déplacement significatif vers le bleu, alors que les complexes substitués par un groupements isobutyle présentent des transitions déplacées vers le rouge. Alors que les intensités de luminescence et les durées de vie sont faibles, les déplacements réduits de Stokes et les pics étroits de luminescence comparables indiquent une réduction des distorsions de l’état excité.

Decarboxylative Generation of Carbenes for the Synthesis of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Copper(I) Complexes - Applications in the Oxidative Coupling of 2-Naphthols

Le présent mémoire décrit la synthèse et l’utilité de complexes Cu-NHC. En premier lieu, la synthèse de complexes de cuivre porteurs de ligand(s) de type carbène-N-hétérocyclique (NHC) via une génération décarboxylative de carbènes sera présentée. En effet, de précédents rapports font état de l’utilisation de carboxylates d’imidazol(in)ium en tant que précurseurs carbéniques sous conditions thermolytiques. Ainsi, la présente étude montre l’utilisation de ces espèces zwitterioniques pour la synthèse de complexes de cuivre(I) mono- et bis-NHC comportant divers substituants et contre-ions. Une seconde partie du projet se concentrera sur l’évaluation de complexes Cu-NHC en tant que catalyseurs pour la synthèse de 2,2’-binaphtols via une réaction de couplage oxydatif de naphtols. L’objectif de ce projet de recherche est d’étudier les effets de variations structurales de différents complexes Cu-NHC afin de construire un processus catalytique plus efficace. Les effets de la structure du catalyseur sur la réaction de couplage ont été évalués en variant son contre-ion, le nombre de ligands NHC se coordonnant au cuivre, ainsi que la nature des substituants du ligand.

Synthesis of transition metal N-heterocyclic carbene complexes and applications in catalysis

Les ligands de carbènes N-hétérocycliques (NHC) qui possèdent une symétrie C1 attirent beaucoup l’attention dans la littérature. Le présent projet de recherche propose de synthétiser une nouvelle série de ligands NHC C1-symétriques avec deux groupements N-alkyles qui exploitent un relais chiral. Un protocole modulaire et efficace pour la synthèse des sels d’imidazolium chiraux qui servent comme préligands pour les NHC a été développé. Quelques-uns de ces nouveaux ligands ont été installés sur le cuivre et de l’or, créant de nouveaux complexes chiraux. Les nouveaux complexes à base de cuivre ont été évalués comme catalyseurs pour le couplage oxydatif de 2-naphthols. Les ligands C1-symmétriques ont fourni des meilleurs rendements que les ligands C2-symmétriques. Au cours de l’optimisation, des additifs ont été évalués; les additifs à base de pyridine ont fourni des énantiosélectivités modérées tandis que les additifs à base de malonate ont donné des meilleurs rendements de la réaction de couplage oxydatif. Ultérieurement, les additifs à base de malonate ont été appliqués envers l’hétérocouplage de 2-naphthols. Le partenaire de couplage qui est riche en électrons est normalement en grand excès à cause de sa tendance à dégrader. Avec le bénéfice de l’additif, les deux partenaires de couplage peuvent être utilisés dans des quantités équivalentes. La découverte de l’effet des additifs a permis le développement d’un protocole général pour l’hétérocouplage de 2-naphthols.

Polystyrene Anchored Vanillin Schiff Base—Complexation and Ion Removal Studies

A set of six new polystyrene anchored metal complexes have been synthesized by the reaction of the metal salt with the polystyrene anchored Schiff base of vanillin. These complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance studies, thermal studies, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The elemental analyses suggest a metal : ligand ratio of 1 : 2. The ligand is unidentate and coordinates through the azomethine nitrogen. The Mn(II), Fe(III), Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) complexes are all paramagnetic while Zn(II) is diamagnetic. The Cu(II) complex is assigned a square planar structure, while Zn(II) is assigned a tetrahedral structure and Mn(II), Fe(III), Co(II), and Ni(II) are all assigned octahedral geometry. The thermal analyses were done on the ligand and its complexes to reveal their stability. Further, the application of the Schiff base as a chelating resin in ion removal studies was investigated. The polystyrene anchored Schiff base gave 96% efficiency in the removal of Ni(II) from a 20-ppm solution in 15 min, without any interference from ions such as Mn(II), Co(II), Fe(III), Cu(II), Zn(II), U(VI), Na , K , NH4 , Ca2 , Cl , Br , NO3 , NO2 ,and CH3CO2 . The major advantage is that the removal is achieved without altering the pH.

Transition metal complexes of some bis(thiosemicarbazones) derived from 2,6-diacetylpyridine and N4-substituted thiosemicarbazides:Synthesis, spectral and structural studies

Coordination chemistry of pentadentate 2,6-diacetylpyridine bis(thiosemicarbazone) Schiff base ligands has been intensively studied due to the versatility of the molecular chain in order to obtain very different geometries as well as their broad therapeutic activity. Metal complexes of thiosemicarbazone with aldehydes and ketones have been widely reported. But there have been fewer reports on potential pentadentate bis(thiosemicarbazones) formed from 2,6-diacetylpyridine. Keeping these in view, we have synthesized four bis(thiosemicarbazone) systems with 2,6-diacetylpyridine. In the present work, the chelating behavior of bis(thiosemicarbazones) are studied, with the aim of investigating the influence of coordination exerts on their conformation and or configuration, in connection with the nature of the metal and of the counter ion. The selection of the 2,6-diacetylpyridine as the ketonic part was based on its capability to form polynuclear complexes with different coordination number. The doubled armed bis(thiosemicarbazones) can coordinate to a metal centre as dianionic ligand by losing its amide protons or it can coordinate as monoanionic ligand by losing its amide proton from one of the thiosemicarbazone moiety or it can also be coordinate as neutral ligand. Hence it is interesting to explore the coordinating capabilities of these ligands whether in neutral form or anionic form and to study the structural variations occurring in the ligands during complexation such as change in conformation.

Zeolite encapsulated complexes of ruthenium: synthesis, characterisation and catalytic activity studies

The work presented in this thesis is mainly centered on the synthesis and characterization of some encapsulated transition metal complexes and the catalytic activity of the synthesized complexes in certain organic reactions.thesis deals with the catalytic activity of ruthenium-exchanged zeolite and the zeolite encapsulated complexes of SSC, SOD, SPD, AA, ABA, DMG, PCO, PCP, CPO and CPP in the hydroxylation of phenol using hydrogen peroxide. The products were analyzed with a GC to determine the percentage conversion and the chromatograms indicate the presence of different products like hydroquinone, catechol,benzoquinone, benzophenone etc. The major product formed is hydroquinone. From the screening studies, RuYSSC was found to be the most effective catalyst for phenol hydroxylation with 94.4% conversion and 76% hydroquinone selectivity. The influence of different factors like reaction time, temperature, amount of catalyst, effect of various solvents and oxidant to substrate ratio in the catalytic activity were studied in order to find out the optimum conditions for the hydroxylation reaction. The influence of time on the percentage conversion of phenol was studied by conducting the reactions for different durations varying from one hour to four hours. There is an induction period for all the complexes and the length of the induction period depends on the nature of the active components. Though the conversion of phenol and selectivity for hydroquinone. increases with time, the amount of benzoquinone formed decreases with time. This is probably due to the decomposition of benzoquinone formed during the initial stages of the reaction into other degradation products like benzophenones. The effect of temperature was studied by carrying out the reaction at three different temperatures, 30°C, 50°C and 70°C. Reactions carried at temperatures higher than 70°C result either in the decomposition of the products or in the formation of tarry products. Activity increased with increase in the amount of the catalyst up to a certain level. However further increase in the weight of the catalyst did not have any noticeable effect on the percentage conversion. The catalytic studies indicate that the oxidation reaction increases with increase in the volume of hydrogen peroxide till a certain volume. But further increase in the volume of H202 is detrimental as some dark mass is obtained after four hours of reaction. The catalytic activity is largely dependent on the nature of the solvent and maximum percentage conversion occurred when the solvent used is water. The intactness of the complexes within the zeolite cages enhances their possibility of recycling and the activities of the recycled catalysts show only a slight decrease when compared to the fresh samples .

The ligating versatility of halides and pseudohalides in copper(II) complexes- monomers, dimers and chains”

The work embodied in this thesis was carried out by the author in the Department of Applied Chemistry, CUSAT, Kochi, during the period 2008-2013. The thesis brings to light, our attempts to evaluate the coordination behavior of some compounds of interest. The biological activities of semicarbazones and their metal complexes have been an active area of research during the past years because of their significant role in naturally occurring biological systems. Tridentate NNO and ONO semicarbazone systems formed from heterocyclic and aromatic carbonyl compounds and their transition metal complexes are well-authenticated compounds in this field and their synthesis, crystal structures and spectral studies are well desirable. Hence, we decided to develop a research program aimed at the syntheses, crystal structures and spectral studies of copper complexes with halides and pseudohalides. In addition to single crystal X-ray diffraction studies, various physico-chemical methods of analysis were also used for the characterization of the complexes

O2 activation at bioinspired complexes: dinuclear copper systems and mononuclear non-heme iron compounds. Mechanisms and catalytic applications in oxidative transformations

L'activació d'oxigen que té lloc en els éssers vius constitueix una font d'inspiració pel desenvolupament d'alternatives als oxidants tradicionals, considerats altament tòxics i nocius. En aquesta treball s'utilitzen compostos sintètics com a models del centre actiu de proteïnes dinuclears de coure i mononuclears de ferro de tipus no-hemo que participen en l'activació d'oxigen en els éssers vius. Els sistemes dinuclears de coure mostren un centre de tipus coure(III) bis(oxo) que és capaç de dur a terme l'ortho-hidroxilació de fenols de manera similar a la reacció que catalitza la proteïna tirosinasa. Per altra banda, els sistemes de ferro desenvolupats en aquest treball actuen com a models de les dioxigenases de Rieske i poden dur a terme l'hidroxilació estereoespecífica d'alcans i l'epoxidació i cis-dihidroxilació d'olefines utilitzant peròxid d'hidrogen com a agent oxidant. Tot plegat demostra que el desenvolupament de sistemes model constitueix una bona estratègia per l'estudi dels sistemes naturals.

Dinuclear copper and zinc complexes of a hexaazamacrocycle containing p-xylyl spacers and bridging anions: theoretical and spectroscopic studies

The hexaazamacrocycle 7,22-dimethyl-3,7,11,18,22,26-hexaazatricyclo[26.2.2.2(13,16)] tetratriaconta-1(30), 13,15,28,31,33- hexaene (Me-2[30] pbz(2)N(6)) was synthesized and characterised by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The macrocycle adopts a conformation with the two aromatic rings almost parallel at a distance of ca. 4.24 Angstrom, but displaced relative to each other by ca. 1.51 Angstrom. The protonation constants of this compound and the stability constants of its complexes with Cu2+ and Zn2+, were determined in water - methanol (9 : 1 v/v) at 25 degreesC with ionic strength 0.10 mol dm(-3) in KCl. The potentiometric and spectroscopic studies (NMR of zinc, cadmium and lead complexes, and EPR of the copper complexes) indicate the formation of only dinuclear complexes. The association constants of the dinuclear copper complex with anions ( thiocyanate, terephthalate and glyphosate) and neutral molecules (1,4-benzenedimethanol, p-xylylenediamine and terephthalic acid) were determined at 20 degreesC in methanol. The structural preferences of this ligand and of its dinuclear copper(II) complex with a variety of bridging ligands were evaluated theoretically by molecular mechanics calculations (MM) and molecular dynamics (MD) using quenching techniques.

(Ni-2), (Ni-3), and (Ni-2 + Ni-3): A Unique Example of Isolated and Cocrystallized Ni-2 and Ni-3 Complexes

Structural and magnetic characterization of compound {[Ni-2(L)(2)(OAC)(2)][Ni-3(L)(2) (OAc)(4)]) center dot 2CH(3)CN (3) (HL = the tridentate Schiff base ligand, 2-[(3-methylaminb-propylimino)-methyl]-phenol) shows that it is a rare example of a crystal incorporating a dinuclear Ni(II) compound, [Ni-2(L)(2)(OAc)(2)], and a trinuclear one, [Ni-3(L)(2)(OAC)(4)]. Even more unusual is the fact that both Ni (II) complexes, [Ni-2(L)(2)(OAc)(2)] (1) and [Ni-3(L)(2)(OAc)(4)(H2O)(2)] center dot CH2Cl2 center dot 2CH(3)OH (2), have also been isolated and structurally and magnetically characterized. The structural analysis reveals that the dimeric complexes [Ni-2(L)(2)(OAc)(2)] in cocrystal 3 and in compound 1 are almost identical-in both complexes, the Ni(II) ions possess a distorted octahedral geometry formed by the chelating tridentate ligand (L), a chelating acetate ion, and a bridging phenoxo group with very similar bond angles and distances. On the other hand, compound 2 and the trinuclear complex in the cocrystal 3 show a similar linear centrosymmetric structure with the tridentate ligand coordinated to the terminal Ni(II) and linked to the central Ni(II) by phenoxo and carboxylate bridges. The only difference is that a water molecule found in 2 is not present in the trinuclear unit of complex 3; instead, the coordination sphere is completed by an additional bridging oxygen atom from an acetate ligand. Variable-temperature (2-300 K) magnetic susceptibility measurements show that the dinuclear unit is antiferromagnetically coupled in both compounds (2J = -36.18 and -29.5 cm(-1) in 1 and 3, respectively), whereas the trinuclear unit shows a very weak ferromagnetic coupling in compound 3 (2J = 0.23 cm(-1)) and a weak antiferromagnetic coupling in 2 (2J = -8.7(2) cm(-1)) due to the minor changes in the coordination sphere.

Palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes with tridentate iminophosphine ligands; synthesis and structural studies

The previously synthesised Schiff-base ligands 2-(2-Ph2PC6H4N = CH) - R' - C6H3OH (R' = 3-OCH3, HL1; 5-OCH3, HL2; 5-Br, HL3; 5-Cl, HL4) were prepared by a faster, more efficient route involving a microwave assisted co-condensation of 2-(diphenylphosphino) aniline with the appropriate substituted salicylaldehyde. HL1-4 react directly with (MCl2)-Cl-II (M = Pd, Pt) or (PtI2)-I-II(cod) affording neutral square-planar complexes of general formula [(MCl)-Cl-II(eta(3)-L1-4)] (M = Pd, Pt, 1 - 8) and [(PtI)-I-II(eta(3)-L1-4)] (M = Pd, Pt, 9 - 12). Reaction of complexes 1 - 4 with the triarylphosphines PR3 (R = Ph, p-tolyl) gave the novel ionic complexes [Pd-II(PR3)(eta(3)- L1-4)] ClO4 (13 - 20). Substituted platinum complexes of the type [Pt-II(PR3)(eta(3)- L1-4)] ClO4 (R = P(CH2CH2CN)(3) 21 - 24) and [Pt-II( P(p-tolyl)(3))(eta(3)-L-3,L-4)] ClO4 ( 25 and 26) were synthesised from the appropriate [(PtCl)-Cl-II(eta(3)-L1-4)] complex (5 - 8) and PR3. The complexes are characterised by microanalytical and spectroscopic techniques. The crystal structures of 3, 6, 10, 15, 20 and 26 were determined and revealed the metal to be in a square-planar four-coordinate environment containing a planar tridentate ligand with an O, N, P donor set together with one further atom which is trans to the central nitrogen atom.

Synthesis, reactivity, and X-ray crystal structure of some mixed-ligand oxovanadium(V) complexes: first report of binuclear oxovanadium(V) complexes containing 4,4 '-Bipyridine type bridge

Reaction of the tridentate ONO Schiff-base ligand 2-hydroxybenzoylhydrazone of 2-hydroxybenzoylhydrazine (H2L) with VO(acac)(2) in ethanol medium produces the oxoethoxovanadium(V) complex [VO(OEt)L] (A), which reacts with pyridine to form [VO(OEt)L center dot(py)] (1). Complex 1 is structurally characterized. It has a distorted octahedral O4N2 coordination environment around the V(V) acceptor center. Both complexes A and 1 in ethanol medium react with neutral monodentate Lewis bases 2-picoline, 3-picoline, 4-picoline, 4-amino pyridine, imidazole, and 4-methyl imidazole, all of which are stronger bases than pyridine, to produce dioxovanadium(V) complexes of general formula BH[VO2L]. Most of these dioxo complexes are structurally characterized, and the complex anion [VO2L](-) is found to possess a distorted square pyramidal structure. When a solution/suspension of a BH[VO2L] complex in an alcohol (ROH) is treated with HCl in the same alcohol, it is converted into the corresponding monooxoalkoxo complex [ O(OR)L], where R comes from the alcohol used as the reaction medium. Both complexes A and 1 produce the 4,4'-bipyridine-bridged binuclear complex [VO(OEt)L](2)(mu-4,4'-bipy) (2), which, to the best of our knowledge, represents the first report of a structurally characterized 4,4'-bipyridine-bridged oxovanadium(V) binuclear complex. Two similar binuclear oxovanadium(V) complexes 3 and 4 are also synthesized and characterized. All these binuclear complexes (2-4), on treatment with base B, produce the corresponding mononuclear dioxovanadium(V) complexes (5-10).

Facile in situ copper(ii) mediated C–S bond activation transforming dithiocarbimate to carbamate and thiocarbamate generating Cu(ii) and Cu(i) complexes

Facile in situ Cu(II) mediated transformation of p-tolylsulfonyldithiocarbimate in conjunction with polypyridyl or phosphine ligands into corresponding carbamate and thiocarbamate led to the formation of new copper complexes with varying nuclearities and geometries, via C-S bond activation of the ligand within identical reaction systems.

Cis–trans isomerism in diphenoxido bridged dicopper complexes: role of crystallized water to stabilize the cis isomer, variation in magnetic properties and conversion of both into a trinuclear species

The trans-[Cu2L2Cl2] (1), and cis-[Cu2L2Cl2]·H2O (2) isomers of a diphenoxido bridged Cu2O2 core have been synthesized using a tridentate reduced Schiff base ligand 2-[(2-dimethylamino-ethylamino)-methyl]-phenol. The geometry around Cu(II) is intermediate between square pyramid and trigonal bipyramid (Addison parameter, tau = 0.463) in 1 but nearly square pyramidal (tau = 0.049) in 2. The chloride ions are coordinated to Cu(II) and are trans oriented in 1 but cis oriented in 2. Both isomers have been optimized using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and it is found that the trans isomer is 7.2 kcal mol(-1) more favorable than the cis isomer. However, the hydrogen bonding interaction of crystallized water molecule with chloride ions compensates for the energy difference and stabilizes the cis isomer. Both complexes have been converted to a very rare phenoxido-azido bridged trinuclear species, [Cu3L2(mu(1,1)-N-3)(2)(H2O)(2)(ClO4)(2)] (3) which has also been characterized structurally. All the complexes are antiferromagnetically coupled but the magnitude of the coupling constants are significantly different (J = -156.60, -652.31, and -31.54 cm(-1) for 1, 2, and 3 respectively). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have also been performed to gain further insight into the qualitative theoretical interpretation on the overall magnetic behavior of the complexes.

A new tetranuclear copper(II) complex with oximate bridges: structure, magnetic properties and DFT study

A new tetranuclear complex, [Cu4L4](ClO4)4·2H2O (1), has been synthesized from the self-assembly of copper(II) perchlorate and the tridentate Schiff base ligand (2E,3E)-3-(2-aminopropylimino) butan-2-one oxime (HL). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies reveal that complex 1 consists of a Cu4(NO)4 core where the four copper(II) centers having square pyramidal environment are arranged in a distorted tetrahedral geometry. They are linked together by a rare bridging mode (μ3-η1,η2,η1) of oximato ligands. Analysis of magnetic susceptibility data indicates moderate antiferromagnetic (J1 = −48 cm−1, J2 = −40 cm−1 and J3 = −52 cm−1) exchange interaction through σ-superexchange pathways (in-plane bridging) of the oxime group. Theoretical calculations based on DFT technique have been used to obtain the energy states of different spin configurations and estimate the coupling constants and to understand the exact magnetic exchange pathways.