Forest inventory information needs in Northwest Russia

This thesis applies the customer value hierarchy model to forestry in order to determine strategic options to enhance the value of LiDAR technology in Russian forestry. The study is conducted as a qualitative case study with semi-structured interviews as a main source of the primary data. The customer value hierarchy model constitutes a theoretical base for the research. Secondary data incorporates information on forest resource management, LiDAR technology and Russian forestry. The model is operationalised using forestry literature and forms a basis for analyses of primary data. Analyses of primary data coupled with comprehension of Russian forest inventory system and knowledge on global forest inventory have led to conclusions on the forest inventory methods selection criteria and the organizations that would benefit the most from LiDAR technology use. The thesis recommends strategic options for LiDAR technology’s value enhancement in Russian forestry.

Environmental Challenges in the Joint Border Area of Norway, Finland and Russia

This report examines the human impact on the subarctic environment of the joint border area of Norway, Finland and Russia. The aim is to present the current state and recent changes that have taken place in the region. The main threat to the environment is the Pechenganikel mining and metallurgical industrial combine in the towns of Nikel and Zapolyarny in the Kola Peninsula. Emissions from this complex include high levels of heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants and sulfur dioxide. Pollution, along with climate change, water level regulation and other anthropogenic effects, has affected the aquatic ecosystems in the joint border area. The main heavy metals in the area are copper and nickel, the highest concentrations of which are measured near the combine. Direct discharge of sewage into the river continues and airborne heavy metal particles are also deposited to areas farther away. Climate changeinduced increase in temperature and precipitation in the Kola Peninsula is evident. Water level regulation with seven hydropower plants in the Pasvik River have changed it into a series of lakes and lake-like reservoirs. This report discusses modelling, which was enabled to estimate the effect of climate change on Lake Inarijärvi and the Pasvik River hydrology, water level fluctuation and ecology and to follow the sulfur dioxide emissions emitted from the Pechenganikel. Effects of pollution on the nature and concentrations of the main pollutants were studied and climate change in the border area and its effects on the ecology were estimated. Also the effects of water level regulation on the ecological status of the aquatic ecosystems were addressed.

La Lapponia Russa coi governi di Olonechoi, Carelia, Bielozero ed Ingria nella Russia Europea di nuova projezione.

[N. 1:3300000].

I governi di Olonechoi, Carelia, Bielozero, ed' Ingria nell' Impero della Russia in Europa con la Lapponia Russa delineati sulle ultime osservazioni.

[N. 1:3300000].

The northern provinces of Sweden and Norway with part I, of Russia / published under the superintendence of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge.

[N. 1:4400000].

Russia.

Oikeassa yläkulmassa lehden numero: N:o III.

Russia in Europe / engraved by J. & C. Walker.

Janamittakaavat: Russian verstes ; English miles.

Tabula Russia vulgo Moscovia.

Koordinaattiasteikko: E30°-110°, N[70°]65°-50°.

Russia in Europe.

Janamittakaava: Miles.

Russia or Moscovy in Europe.

Lehden oikeassa alakulmassa: T. Kitchin sculp.

Russia or Moscovy in Europe. Drawn by the latest authorities, by Tho.s Kitchin geo.r.

Janamittakaava: Russian wersts.

Russia in Europe.

Lehti nro 34 jostakin Philip & Sonin julkaisemasta kartastosta.

Ob quas Hieromonachus Stephanus Presbytovitsch ingentem in Russia passus est persecutionem, ad verbi divini canonem examinatas

Nimekettä edeltää hepreankielinen invokaatio.

Ob quas Hieromonachus Stephanus Presbytovitsch ingentem in Russia passus est persecutionem, ad verbi divini canonem examinatas

Nimekettä edeltää hepreankielinen invokaatio.