Optimal recovery process conditions for manganese-peroxidase obtained by solid-state fermentation of eucalyptus residue using Lentinula edodes

Enzyme production is a growing field in biotechnology and increasing attention has been devoted to the solid-state fermentation (SSF) of lignocellulosic biomass for production of industrially relevant lignocellulose deconstruction enzymes, especially manganese-peroxidase (MnP), which plays a crucial role in lignin degradation. However, there is a scarcity of studies regarding extraction of the secreted metabolities that are commonly bound to the fermented solids, preventing their accurate detection and limiting recovery efficiency. In the present work, we assessed the effectiveness of extraction process variables (pH, stirring rate, temperature, and extraction time) on recovery efficiency of manganese-peroxidase (MnP) obtained by SSF of eucalyptus residues using Lentinula edodes using statistical design of experiments. The results from this study indicated that of the variables studied, pH was the most significant (p < 0.05%) parameter affecting MnP recovery yield, while temperature, extraction time, and stirring rate presented no statistically significant effects in the studied range. The optimum pH for extraction of MnP was at 4.0-5.0, which yielded 1500-1700 IU kg (1) of enzyme activity at extraction time 4-5 h, under static condition at room temperature. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Garage-studio interior, Mt. Nebo House

Timber framing and roof skylight detail inside garage-studio.

Kitchen skylight, C House, Coorparoo, Brisbane

Frameless toughened glass skylight to kitchen, supported by timber joists. Outdoor room on right, Iwan roof beyond.

Kitchen skylight, C House, Coorparoo, Brisbane

Frameless toughened glass skylight to kitchen, supported by timber joists. Outdoor room on right, Iwan roof beyond.

Street elevation, Q House, Chelmer, Brisbane

View to house from street. Existing house gable roof on right.

Trusses, Hill House, Chapel Hill, Brisbane

Trusses to living room roof.

Sketch design drawing, Hill House, Chapel Hill, Brisbane

Three-dimensional projection sketch showing roof forms and wall finishes.

Outdoor room, Kangaroo Point House, Kangaroo Point, Brisbane

Dining setting, sculptures, timber columns and curved roof in outdoor room

Bath house pavilion, Lake Weyba House, Sunshine Coast

Link to bedroom pavilion on right; roof of main pavilion on left.

South elevation, Prasser House, Buderim

As seen from adjacent property (roof irrigation system in use).

Ceiling interior, Raun Raun Theatre, Goroka

View to underside of thatched roof with king post and bracing.

Deconstructing sport history: The postmodern challenge

The crisis in the historical profession today is both conceptual and political, both methodological and practical. To the crises of the decline of great narrative history for the popular audience, the multiculturalist challenge to Eurocentric history, and the loss of faith in grand themes of progress and liberation that provided moral and political guidance through history’s lessons, must be added the crisis created by the implications of literary and rhetorical theory for the very practice of history itself.

Agriculture and Entomology Building, Brisbane

View to north and east facing wings, along circulation path to the roof feature connection between wings.

Entrance deck, Mooloomba House, Point Lookout, North Stradbroke Island

View past kitchen windows and roof overhang to entrance deck to the south-west.

Part of south-east elevation, Sunshine Coast University Library, Maroochydore

View to part of south-east elevation with skillion roof, corrugated steel sheeting and concrete block.