Descripció del programa d’intervenció amb interns per delictes contra la seguretat viària

Com a conseqüència dels canvis legislatius introduïts en el Codi penal i l’augment de la població penitenciària per delictes contra la seguretat de trànsit, s’ha elaborat i implementat el programa CONTE (Conducció Temerària) en el Centre Penitenciari d’Homes de Barcelona. Des de la seva implementació a l’abril del 2008, 93 interns han participat en el programa en onze edicions. El programa té una durada d’un mes, amb 16 sessions, quatre setmanals d’una hora i mitja cadascuna. Es descriu el contingut i objectiu de les sessions. Els interns que han participat han manifestat la seva satisfacció amb el programa. En un futur caldria establir mesures per avaluar l’eficàcia d’aquest tipus de programes.

Descripción del programa de intervención con encarcelados por delitos contra la seguridad vial

Como consecuencia de los cambios introducidos en el Código Penal y el aumento de población penitenciaria por delitos contra la seguridad del tráfico, se ha elaborado e implementado el programa CONTE (conducción temeraria) en el Centro penitenciario de Hombres de Barcelona. Desde su implementación en abril de 2008, 93 internos han participado en el programa en 11 ediciones. El programa tiene una duración de un mes, con 16 sesiones, cuatro semanales de una hora y media cada una. Se describe el contenido y objetivo de las sesiones. Los internos que han participado han manifestado su satisfacción con el programa. En un futuro convendría establecer indicadores de evaluación para medir la eficacia de este tipo de programas.

Els delictes contra la seguretat viària: aspectes substantius, processals i criminològics

Les infraccions penals en matèria de seguretat viària constitueixen un dels grups delictius que més interès teòric i pràctic han despertat en la doctrina i la jurisprudència. Per aquest motiu, al llarg de la recerca s'ha dut a terme l'anàlisi dels diferents il·lícits penals des d'una perspectiva interdisciplinar i transversal on no tan sols han tingut cabuda les reflexions teòriques i pràctiques sobre els arts. 379 i ss. CP, sinó també la valoració dels problemes processals i criminològics que són propis d'aquests fets justiciables que es vinculen amb la seguretat viària

Active Travel - Healthy Lives

Across Ireland, there is considerable scope to replace many short car journeys with walking and cycling which would bring about a range of benefits to health as well as saving money for individuals and society.'Active travel, healthy lives' presents a summary of international evidence on the health and economic benefits of active travel and makes recommendations on how active travel can become a viable, safe and attractive alternative to car use.

IPH response to the National Transport Authority on the Greater Dublin Area Draft Transport Strategy 2011-2030

The remit of the Institute of Public Health in Ireland (IPH) is to promote cooperation for public health between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland in the areas of research and information, capacity building and policy advice. Our approach is to support Departments of Health and their agencies in both jurisdictions, and maximise the benefits of all-island cooperation to achieve practical benefits for people in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.IPH has a keen interest in the interactions between transport and health. IPH has produced two papers in the recent past on this topic, the most recent being Active travel – healthy lives published in January 2011 which built on the 2005 publication Health impacts of transport. The IPH welcomes the draft transport strategy in terms of addressing each of the key messages outlined in the Active travel – healthy lives paper.IPH is interested in this area not only in terms of increasing ‘active travel’ for healthier lives, but also in terms of the environmental and social impacts of inequitable access to forms of private and public transport.

IPH response to consultation: Introduction of 20mph speed restrictions on smaller residential streets

Conall McDevitt (SDLP MLA) launched a consultation regarding the introduction of 20mph speed restrictions in residential streets as part of his bid to introduce legislation through a Private Members Bill in the Northern Ireland Assembly.  The purpose of the Bill is to increase road safety, particularly for pedestrians and other road users, with additional health and environmental benefits. IPH submitted a response to the Private Members’ Bill regarding the introduction of 20mph speed restriction on smaller residential roads.  IPH recognises the potential public health benefits of this proposal in terms of reduced injuries and fatalities in built up areas; more opportunities for walking and cycling (helping to tackle obesity and reduce the risk of diabetes, heart disease and stroke); greater social cohesion among communities and improved mental health; and reduced emissions that contribute to climate change, air and noise pollution.

IPH response to DRD Belfast Rapid Transit Consultation

The Department for Regional Development (NI) recently consulted on policy proposals for a Belfast rapid transit.   The IPH response highlighted the need for the proposal to maximise potential for health and a coordinated approach to the development of active travel in Northern Ireland providing alternatives to private transport, increasing physical activity and reducing obesity.

IPH response to Department for Regional Development public transport reform consultation

This is the IPH response to the Department for Regional Development's public transport reform consultation.

20 Year Strategy for the Irish Language 2010 to 2030 Progress Report: July 2013 - Sept 2014

DES has commenced a review of education in the Gaeltacht with a view to identifying options for educational provision in primary and post-primary schools in Gaeltacht areas of varying linguistic profiles as well as clarifying the Department’s policy with regard to teaching through Irish in such schools. The review will also look at the impact of pre-school provision on primary education in Gaeltacht areas. Furthermore, the review will identify support measures for teachers’ practice that would be required to improve teaching through Irish in Gaeltacht schools. This review will complement the implementation of the Gaeltacht Act 2012.

Three points for speed

This poster focuses on the effects of speed. The poster message is 'Three points for speed' and then lists three of the effects: 1. Extreme tiredness 2. Disturbed sleep 3. Paranoia. It also provides contact details for the National Drugs Helpline. Tel: 0800 776600.

Exigences visuelles pour la conduite: y voir plus clair [Requirements on vision for driving: to see more clearly].

Primary care physicians have to assess visual functions essential for driving when determining medical fitness to drive. However, it can be difficult to apply the legal requirements that are described in annex 1 of the ordinance regulating the admission to road traffic of 1976 (OAC) due to lack of unambiguousness. This article discusses those visual functions that have to be assessed namely visual acuity, the visual field and the detection of diplopia and it presents the appropriate methods for the primary care setting. Another objective is to discuss the relevance of road safety requirements on vision and to present the new Swiss requirements proposed for the future in comparison to some international recommendations.

Optimization of Snow Drifting Mitigation and Control Methods for Iowa Conditions Part II, TR-626, 2015

Blowing and drifting of snow is a major concern for transportation efficiency and road safety in regions where their development is common. One common way to mitigate snow drift on roadways is to install plastic snow fences. Correct design of snow fences is critical for road safety and maintaining the roads open during winter in the US Midwest and other states affected by large snow events during the winter season and to maintain costs related to accumulation of snow on the roads and repair of roads to minimum levels. Of critical importance for road safety is the protection against snow drifting in regions with narrow rights of way, where standard fences cannot be deployed at the recommended distance from the road. Designing snow fences requires sound engineering judgment and a thorough evaluation of the potential for snow blowing and drifting at the construction site. The evaluation includes site-specific design parameters typically obtained with semi-empirical relations characterizing the local transport conditions. Among the critical parameters involved in fence design and assessment of their post-construction efficiency is the quantification of the snow accumulation at fence sites. The present study proposes a joint experimental and numerical approach to monitor snow deposits around snow fences, quantitatively estimate snow deposits in the field, asses the efficiency and improve the design of snow fences. Snow deposit profiles were mapped using GPS based real-time kinematic surveys (RTK) conducted at the monitored field site during and after snow storms. The monitored site allowed testing different snow fence designs under close to identical conditions over four winter seasons. The study also discusses the detailed monitoring system and analysis of weather forecast and meteorological conditions at the monitored sites. A main goal of the present study was to assess the performance of lightweight plastic snow fences with a lower porosity than the typical 50% porosity used in standard designs of such fences. The field data collected during the first winter was used to identify the best design for snow fences with a porosity of 50%. Flow fields obtained from numerical simulations showed that the fence design that worked the best during the first winter induced the formation of an elongated area of small velocity magnitude close to the ground. This information was used to identify other candidates for optimum design of fences with a lower porosity. Two of the designs with a fence porosity of 30% that were found to perform well based on results of numerical simulations were tested in the field during the second winter along with the best performing design for fences with a porosity of 50%. Field data showed that the length of the snow deposit away from the fence was reduced by about 30% for the two proposed lower-porosity (30%) fence designs compared to the best design identified for fences with a porosity of 50%. Moreover, one of the lower-porosity designs tested in the field showed no significant snow deposition within the bottom gap region beneath the fence. Thus, a major outcome of this study is to recommend using plastic snow fences with a porosity of 30%. It is expected that this lower-porosity design will continue to work well for even more severe snow events or for successive snow events occurring during the same winter. The approach advocated in the present study allowed making general recommendations for optimizing the design of lower-porosity plastic snow fences. This approach can be extended to improve the design of other types of snow fences. Some preliminary work for living snow fences is also discussed. Another major contribution of this study is to propose, develop protocols and test a novel technique based on close range photogrammetry (CRP) to quantify the snow deposits trapped snow fences. As image data can be acquired continuously, the time evolution of the volume of snow retained by a snow fence during a storm or during a whole winter season can, in principle, be obtained. Moreover, CRP is a non-intrusive method that eliminates the need to perform man-made measurements during the storms, which are difficult and sometimes dangerous to perform. Presently, there is lots of empiricism in the design of snow fences due to lack of data on fence storage capacity on how snow deposits change with the fence design and snow storm characteristics and in the estimation of the main parameters used by the state DOTs to design snow fences at a given site. The availability of such information from CRP measurements should provide critical data for the evaluation of the performance of a certain snow fence design that is tested by the IDOT. As part of the present study, the novel CRP method is tested at several sites. The present study also discusses some attempts and preliminary work to determine the snow relocation coefficient which is one of the main variables that has to be estimated by IDOT engineers when using the standard snow fence design software (Snow Drift Profiler, Tabler, 2006). Our analysis showed that standard empirical formulas did not produce reasonable values when applied at the Iowa test sites monitored as part of the present study and that simple methods to estimate this variable are not reliable. The present study makes recommendations for the development of a new methodology based on Large Scale Particle Image Velocimetry that can directly measure the snow drift fluxes and the amount of snow relocated by the fence.

TRAKET II - Turvallisuus ja ympäristövaikutukset transitoliikenteessa

Tämätutkimus on osa TRAKET -hanketta, jossa keskitytään Luoteis-Venäjälle vievien transitoreittien kilpailukyvyn selvittämiseen. Tässä osatutkimuksessa tarkastellaan Suomen kautta kulkevan transitoliikenteen ympäristövaikutuksia ja turvallisuusnäkökohtia sekä niiden aiheuttamien kustannusten muuttumista liikennemäärän kasvaessa. Raportissa annetaan kehityssuosituksia ympäristö- ja onnettomuustilanteen parantamiseksi. Lisäksi tutkimuksessa esitetään uusien, transitoliikenteen osapuolille tarkoitettujen, lisäpalvelujen synnyttämiseen tarvittavia toimia.

Lowering blood alcohol content levels to save lives: A European case study

Road safety has become an increasing concern in developed countries due to the significant amount of fatalities and the associated economic losses. Only in 2005 these losses rose to 200,000 million euros, a considerable sum ¿ approximately 2% of GDP ¿ that easily justifies any public intervention. One measure taken by governments to address this issue is to enact stricter policies and regulations. Since drunk driving is one of the greatest concerns among public authorities in this field, several European countries have lowered their illegal Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) levels to 0.5 mg/ml during the last decade. This study is the first evaluation of the effectiveness of this transition using European panel-based data (CARE) for the period 1991-2003 with the differences-in-differences method in a fixed effects estimation that allows for any pattern of correlation (Cluster-Robust). The results reveal a positive impact on certain groups of road users and on the whole population when the policy is accompanied by enforcement interventions. Moreover, positive results appeared after a time lag of over two years. Finally, I state the importance of controlling for serial correlation in the evaluation of this type of policy.