Atenção precoce do câncer de mama :um olhar sobre o cotidiano institucional de uma unidade de saúde de Natal

Breast cancer has been considered a grave global public health problem due to its increase in incidence, in women s mortality and in the amount of financial resources spent on the therapeutic interventions used in the treatment of this neoplasia. However, this scenario presents some variations. In developing countries, the incidence of breast cancer is increasing but, on the other hand, the mortality is declining among patients because of public health actions toward early diagnostic that also result in cure of patients and decreasing levels of physical and psychosocial stress. In Brazil, we face of both the increasing number of breast cancer incidence and number of mortalities. Almost always the reason for that is a delayed detection that will provide a late diagnostic. The early detection of breast cancer has been studied in several researches. Some of them are concerned with women s experiences. Despite that, there is a lack of researches on dynamic comprehension of early attention to breast cancer from the health professionals points of view. The present research was carried out at the Unidade Mista de Felipe Camarão (UMFC) and it was conducted with 11 professionals who work in the Family Health Program (PSF). The aim was to understand how early diagnostic and attention to breast cancer is being planned, discussed and accomplished by health professionals in their day-to-day actions. Semi-structure interviews were held individually with each professional, in a way that they could feel free to express their ideas about several issues. All the information from these interviews was analyzed and discussed using an Institutional Ethnographic approach. It was observed that the actions of health professionals working with early detection of breast cancer does not take place in a vacuum; they occur within institutional, relational and social ways. This interdependence influences their actions and points of view on the theme

Relational learning in children with deafness and cochlear implants

This four-experiment series sought to evaluate the potential of children with neurosensory deafness and cochlear implants to exhibit auditory-visual and visual-visual stimulus equivalence relations within a matching-to-sample format. Twelve children who became deaf prior to acquiring language (prelingual) and four who became deaf afterwards (postlingual) were studied. All children learned auditory-visual conditional discriminations and nearly all showed emergent equivalence relations. Naming tests, conducted with a subset of the: children, showed no consistent relationship to the equivalence-test outcomes.. This study makes several contributions: to the literature on stimulus equivalence. First; it demonstrates that both pre- and postlingually deaf children-can: acquire auditory-visual equivalence-relations after cochlear implantation, thus demonstrating symbolic functioning. Second, it directs attention to a population that may be especially interesting for researchers seeking to analyze the relationship. between speaker and listener repertoires. Third, it demonstrates the feasibility of conducting experimental studies of stimulus control processes within the limitations of a hospital, which these children must visit routinely for the maintenance of their cochlear implants.

Comparative study of algorithms for mining association rules: Traditional approach versus multi-relational approach

The multi-relational Data Mining approach has emerged as alternative to the analysis of structured data, such as relational databases. Unlike traditional algorithms, the multi-relational proposals allow mining directly multiple tables, avoiding the costly join operations. In this paper, is presented a comparative study involving the traditional Patricia Mine algorithm and its corresponding multi-relational proposed, MR-Radix in order to evaluate the performance of two approaches for mining association rules are used for relational databases. This study presents two original contributions: the proposition of an algorithm multi-relational MR-Radix, which is efficient for use in relational databases, both in terms of execution time and in relation to memory usage and the presentation of the empirical approach multirelational advantage in performance over several tables, which avoids the costly join operations from multiple tables. © 2011 IEEE.

Multi-relational algorithm for mining association rules in large databases

Multi-relational data mining enables pattern mining from multiple tables. The existing multi-relational mining association rules algorithms are not able to process large volumes of data, because the amount of memory required exceeds the amount available. The proposed algorithm MRRadix presents a framework that promotes the optimization of memory usage. It also uses the concept of partitioning to handle large volumes of data. The original contribution of this proposal is enable a superior performance when compared to other related algorithms and moreover successfully concludes the task of mining association rules in large databases, bypass the problem of available memory. One of the tests showed that the MR-Radix presents fourteen times less memory usage than the GFP-growth. © 2011 IEEE.

Dependence, interdependence and development

Analiza diversos temas para responder a la interrogante: Cual es el pensamiento de la CEPAL sobre la dependencia, interdependencia y desarrollo?

Changes in Chile's production structure, 1986-1996: output and industrial interdependence

Includes bibliography

A compreensão da atividade pedagógica em uma rede de inter-relações: franquia escolar

Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC

Expectations and industrial output in Uruguay: Sectoral interdependence and common trends

This paper examines the interdependence between expectations and growth by analysing Uruguayan manufacturing industry, divided for the purpose into four industry groupings differentiated by trade participation and production specialization. The study shows that there is a long-run relationship between industrialists' expectations and output growth in each grouping. In the most trade-oriented groupings the relationship is one of predetermination, showing how useful expectations are as a guide to sectoral growth. Expectations in the four industrial groupings are shown to follow a common long-run trend, identified with the one guiding the export grouping. Impulse-response simulations derived from a multisectoral vector autoregression (VAR) model confirm the important role of the industries most exposed to international competition in spreading shorter-term shocks.

Convergências e/ou divergências no sistema de crenças e práticas parentais: comparação entre duas amostras amazônicas

A proposta desta pesquisa foi identificar convergências e divergências nas crenças, metas de socialização e práticas de cuidados parentais em dois contextos ecológicos amazônicos, buscando analisar a relação entre fatores biológicos e ecoculturais. Participaram da pesquisa 99 mães de duas localidades: Belém – capital (CEU – contexto ecológico urbano – N=50) e Santa Bárbara (CENU – contexto ecológico não urbano – N=49), com idade superior a 18 anos com pelo menos uma criança com idade entre 0 e 6 anos . Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas em que se aplicavam questionários e para análise destes foram utilizados critérios estatísticos e o respaldo teórico da Psicologia Evolucionista. Os dados indicaram que as comunidades estudadas em relação aos dados socio-demográficos diferem de forma sistemática uma da outra, em função dos níveis de desenvolvimento tecnológico e diferentes organizações para o contexto social. O mundo social das crianças de CENU e de CEU representam contextos desenvolvimentais que oferecem diferentes oportunidades. A literatura aponta que as trocas sociais estabelecidas entre crianças e cuidadores podem refletir sobre o desenvolvimento da criança em relação ao aspecto cognitivo, emocional e social. Os resultados encontrados indicam que as mães de CEU apesar de terem sido mais autônomas que as de CENU, foram ao mesmo tempo mais relacionais que as mesmas, demonstrando que talvez as mudanças que atingem os contextos, ocorram com mais rapidez em ambientes urbanizados. Além disso, os dados parecem indicar que os contextos por estarem em um momento de transição passam de um modelo interdependente para um modelo autônomo-relacional. Entretanto, foi possível perceber que as idéias que as mães possuem sobre a importância de determinadas ações nem sempre refletem suas práticas. Em relação aos cuidados primários as mães parecem valorizar e realizar de igual modo. Em relação ao Contato corporal as mães de CENU valorizam mais que as mães de CEU. Em estimulação corporal o resultado foi bastante interessante, pois os itens que CEU deu mais importância e praticou menos, foram os mesmos itens em que CENU deu menos importância e praticou mais. No que tange a estimulação por objeto as mães de CEU dão mais importância as praticas do que as realizam e vice-versa acontece em CENU. Ao sistema face-a-face foi atribuída maior importância pelas mães de CEU. Os dados apresentados sugerem que as mães de ambos os contextos estão utilizando estratégias parentais distais e proximais ao mesmo tempo, ou seja, desejam que seus filhos se tornem auto-suficientes, mas também desejam que os mesmos sejam respeitosos e obedientes. Além disso, os resultados aqui encontrados confirmam que os quatro sistemas descrevem as experiências interacionais das crianças e expressam a ênfase cultural de combinações e estilos particulares. Não foram encontradas diferenças marcantes nas crenças e práticas de cuidados maternos entre CEU e CENU, o que nos levou a considerar que as crenças parentais, em consequência à adaptação ao contexto, variaram menos conspicuamente nas cidades escolhidas do que entre outras cidades examinadas em outros estudos. Outra questão bastante interessante encontrada foi o resultado relativo ao nível de instrução das mães de CEU e a valorização de metas relacionais, pois de acordo com a hipótese na literatura o nível educacional das mães torna-se uma variável importante em relação às metas de socialização. CENU demonstrou uma tendência para metas e práticas relacionais. Isso se deve ao modo de vida mais próximo do protótipo de interdependência que este contexto apresenta, no qual as mães tendem a valorizar as normas e regras determinadas pela família ou grupo ao qual pertencem. Os resultados referentes ao CEU não confirmaram a hipótese de que ele apresentaria mais metas e práticas voltadas para a independência, sendo percebido que Belém apresenta tanto características do modelo de independência como de interdependência. Presume-se que CEU e CENU são contextos que passam por mudanças, uma vez que as mães podem acreditar em uma coisa e na realidade agir de outra forma.

MR-Radix: a multi-relational data mining algorithm

Background: Once multi-relational approach has emerged as an alternative for analyzing structured data such as relational databases, since they allow applying data mining in multiple tables directly, thus avoiding expensive joining operations and semantic losses, this work proposes an algorithm with multi-relational approach. Methods: Aiming to compare traditional approach performance and multi-relational for mining association rules, this paper discusses an empirical study between PatriciaMine - an traditional algorithm - and its corresponding multi-relational proposed, MR-Radix. Results: This work showed advantages of the multi-relational approach in performance over several tables, which avoids the high cost for joining operations from multiple tables and semantic losses. The performance provided by the algorithm MR-Radix shows faster than PatriciaMine, despite handling complex multi-relational patterns. The utilized memory indicates a more conservative growth curve for MR-Radix than PatriciaMine, which shows the increase in demand of frequent items in MR-Radix does not result in a significant growth of utilized memory like in PatriciaMine. Conclusion: The comparative study between PatriciaMine and MR-Radix confirmed efficacy of the multi-relational approach in data mining process both in terms of execution time and in relation to memory usage. Besides that, the multi-relational proposed algorithm, unlike other algorithms of this approach, is efficient for use in large relational databases.

Brazilian portuguese wordNet: a computational linguistic exercise of encoding bilingual relational lexicons

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Modelling shared attention through relational reinforcement learning

Shared attention is a type of communication very important among human beings. It is sometimes reserved for the more complex form of communication being constituted by a sequence of four steps: mutual gaze, gaze following, imperative pointing and declarative pointing. Some approaches have been proposed in Human-Robot Interaction area to solve part of shared attention process, that is, the most of works proposed try to solve the first two steps. Models based on temporal difference, neural networks, probabilistic and reinforcement learning are methods used in several works. In this article, we are presenting a robotic architecture that provides a robot or agent, the capacity of learning mutual gaze, gaze following and declarative pointing using a robotic head interacting with a caregiver. Three learning methods have been incorporated to this architecture and a comparison of their performance has been done to find the most adequate to be used in real experiment. The learning capabilities of this architecture have been analyzed by observing the robot interacting with the human in a controlled environment. The experimental results show that the robotic head is able to produce appropriate behavior and to learn from sociable interaction.

MR-Radix: a multi-relational data mining algorithm

Abstract Background Once multi-relational approach has emerged as an alternative for analyzing structured data such as relational databases, since they allow applying data mining in multiple tables directly, thus avoiding expensive joining operations and semantic losses, this work proposes an algorithm with multi-relational approach. Methods Aiming to compare traditional approach performance and multi-relational for mining association rules, this paper discusses an empirical study between PatriciaMine - an traditional algorithm - and its corresponding multi-relational proposed, MR-Radix. Results This work showed advantages of the multi-relational approach in performance over several tables, which avoids the high cost for joining operations from multiple tables and semantic losses. The performance provided by the algorithm MR-Radix shows faster than PatriciaMine, despite handling complex multi-relational patterns. The utilized memory indicates a more conservative growth curve for MR-Radix than PatriciaMine, which shows the increase in demand of frequent items in MR-Radix does not result in a significant growth of utilized memory like in PatriciaMine. Conclusion The comparative study between PatriciaMine and MR-Radix confirmed efficacy of the multi-relational approach in data mining process both in terms of execution time and in relation to memory usage. Besides that, the multi-relational proposed algorithm, unlike other algorithms of this approach, is efficient for use in large relational databases.

Non-normal modal logics, quantification, and deontic dilemmas. A study in multi-relational semantics

This dissertation is devoted to the study of non-normal (modal) systems for deontic logics, both on the propositional level, and on the first order one. In particular we developed our study the Multi-relational setting that generalises standard Kripke Semantics. We present new completeness results concerning the semantic setting of several systems which are able to handle normative dilemmas and conflicts. Although primarily driven by issues related to the legal and moral field, these results are also relevant for the more theoretical field of Modal Logic itself, as we propose a syntactical, and semantic study of intermediate systems between the classical propositional calculus CPC and the minimal normal modal logic K.