A imprensa como fonte para o ensino e a pesquisa em história: o caso de um jornal rio-grandino

Esta dissertação analisa uma das etapas da evolução do jornal Artista, publicado na cidade do Rio Grande, enfocando a sua gênese, transcorrida entre 1862 e 1863. Nessa época o periódico era uma pequena publicação semanal, voltada essencialmente aos artífices, de modo particular, e aos trabalhadores em geral, desenvolvendo uma construção discursiva específica que visava atingir tal público leitor. Ao estudar tal período, este trabalho busca abordar o periódico como um documento essencial para promover a pesquisa histórica e a partir dela desenvolver estratégias para o ensino da História. Nessa linha, o objetivo geral da dissertação é o de estudar a imprensa como importante fonte para o ensino e a pesquisa em História, e os objetivos específicos são os de analisar o ano inicial de existência do Artista como um típico representante da pequena imprensa; estudar os mais importantes componentes da construção discursiva do jornal e suas principais características editoriais; destacar conteúdos das páginas do periódico propícios à utilização em sala de aula; estabelecer estratégias de ensino usando as informações do Artista como fonte para o aprendizado da História; e promover, através da pesquisa-ação, estudos de caso acerca da aplicabilidade de textos do Artista como ferramentas para promover o ensino da História.

Bande dessinée on the periphery

This thesis examines how Brittany and Corsica are represented in the medium of bande dessinée. Both are peripheral French regions with cultural identities markedly different from that of the overarching French norm, and both have been historically subject to ridicule from the political and cultural centre. By comparing a fair selection of bandes dessinées which are either set in Brittany or Corsica or feature characters from the relevant regions, this thesis sets out to discover whether representations of Brittany and Corsica differ according to the origin of the creators of the bandes dessinées and, if so, how. To facilitate this analysis, the bandes dessinées included for study have been classified as either external representations (published by mainstream bande dessinée publishers and/or the work of creators originating from outside the two regions) or internal representations (published by local Breton or Corsican companies and/or the work of local creators). It transpires that there are clear differences between mainstream and local bande dessinée authors and illustrators with regard to their portrayal of the local culture of both ‘outlying’ regions. External representations rely on broad stereotypes and received ideas, while internal representations draw on local folklore, regional history and regional identity to create works with more local relevance. In some cases internal representations are or were clearly aimed at a local market, while others aim both at local readers and at the wider bande dessinée market. Those aimed at a wider readership have an additional function, namely that of promoting their regional cultures in French culture generally and offering an alternative to the stereotypical representations presented by larger publishers of bandes dessinées. Brittany and Corsica are examined separately, each taking up roughly half of the thesis. Each half has the same general structure, beginning with discussion of how historical events have shaped perceptions of Brittany and Corsica in French popular consciousness, followed by analysis of the respective external representations and lastly internal representations. There are also two case studies of representations of Corsica in wider visual culture. Owing to its widespread appeal, its adaptability and its capacity to reflect popular opinion in different sectors of society, the medium of bande dessinée offers a potentially rich field for the investigation of social and cultural attitudes and prejudices. It is hoped that this thesis points the way to further research on the topic.

`A Reporter's Paper': The National Thrift News, Journalistic Autonomy and the Savings and Loan Crisis

Business journalism comes under persistent criticism for serving its historic readership of brokers and business people while lacking sufficient autonomy and failing to sufficiently question or challenge powerful corporate and economic interests. This is a dominant theme in media criticism of the savings and loan crisis⁠ and 2008 financial crisis.⁠ Against this backdrop, this dissertation asks: Is this critique valid, and if so, how can business journalism improve? To engage these questions, this dissertation examines the question of autonomy in business journalism in an unlikely place: the trade press. The central case study is coverage of the savings and loan crisis by the National Thrift News, a small financial services newspaper that won a George Polk award for its reporting in 1988. How could a small trade newspaper succeed in some instances when larger news organizations failed to connect the dots? The National Thrift News created a newsroom environment that celebrated reporter autonomy and independence. In some cases, it used its insider knowledge and consistent beat reporting to serve both its core readers and the broader society by uncovering savings and loan corruption. This study will highlight a long-running debate among theorists of journalistic professionalism by arguing that the commercial and advertising model in journalism does not inevitably compromise journalistic independence⁠ but rather can help pave a way forward for a more independent press. It therefore challenges the political economy critique of journalism, which holds that external forces such as capitalism harm press independence. This case suggests journalistic independence and individual agency remain powerful forces in newsrooms. Lastly, the dissertation argues that in an era of media downsizing, the trade press can perform an even more useful watchdog role over industry if the mainstream news media acknowledges and pursues some of the innovative trade reporting.

Deleuze's secret dualism? competing accounts of the relationship between the virtual and the actual

There are competing accounts of the precise way in which the virtual and the actual are related in the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze. As his philosophy gains a more
widespread readership, especially in a diverse range of disciplines, it is important to review differing interpretations put forward as to the precise meanings of Deleuze’s key concepts. Much interdisciplinary work that incorporates Deleuze’s philosophy does so by using the concept of the virtual, usually by offering different accounts of this very important concept. To confound this many readers of Deleuze present differing ‘standard’ definitions, as we will see. As such there is a lack of clarity within the wider academic community and within Deleuze scholarship that stems from a divergence of opinion at best, or an unfortunate misreading at worst. In light of the current landscape this paper will both investigate this lack of consensus, and more importantly, provide a more precise reading of the relationship between the virtual and the actual as presented by Deleuze in Difference and Repetition (1994). Through a close reading of the fourth and fifth chapters we will be able to account for the movement of virtual Ideas to their actualised form, as well as to describe the precise relationship between actualisation and the process of individuation. Ultimately we will find that intensity holds the key to uncovering the precise relationship between the virtual and the actual as the domain though which objects are both actualised and individuated.

Football’s first free kick : demography and the media — how and why Australia got a game of its own

There have been numerous attempts to explain why the precocious code of football that started as a game played under Melbourne Club rules devised in 1859 became the dominant form in Victoria and the most influential in Australia, while Association football (soccer) had little impact until the second half of the twentieth century. In this article, attention is directed at some demographic features that have not been addressed in the literature and on the journalists who helped shape public perceptions of this form of the game. For the first 20 years after the codification of this unique football there was virtually no inward migration into Victoria, so the domestic game had its first free kick with few foreigners with different ideas of how the game should be played to disturb its establishment. Furthermore, the journalists who shaped the ideas of the readership of the Victorian newspapers had little or no knowledge of the forms of football played in Victoria prior to 1855, and their unconscious or conscious imperialism helped secure the pre-eminence of the new code.

Comment les médias couvrent-ils les causes de justice? : l'affaire Guy Turcotte sous la loupe.

Les médias n’offrent pas une réflexion objective des évènements et de la société. Ils emploient plutôt des cadres afin de construire la nouvelle. Les journaux suivent un style de contenu axé sur le marché, ce qui résulte entre autres en la construction d’une « histoire » pouvant mieux rejoindre leurs lectorats. Bien que des études sur la représentation des crimes et criminels dans les médias soient nombreuses, celles portant sur la représentation du système judiciaire sont plutôt rares. Ce mémoire cherche à comprendre comment les médias ont présenté le système judiciaire lors des procédures intentées contre Guy Turcotte, un procès durant lequel le système judiciaire a été fortement discuté et critiqué. Cette affaire judiciaire a été reprise par plusieurs politiciens pour proposer des réformes populistes misant sur des modifications de notre système de justice ou visant une plus grande sévérité face à ce type de crime. Le présent mémoire cherche à vérifier si les médias ont contribué à ce populisme pénal en utilisant des stratégies populistes lors de la présentation de l’affaire judiciaire. De manière plus précise, le mémoire décrit comment les aspects judiciaires et légaux sont représentés dans les médias, et ce, grâce à des analyses quantitatives et qualitatives effectuées sur 239 articles publiés entre 2009 et 2012 dans le Journal de Montréal (JM) et La Presse (LP). Ces journaux sont reconnus pour avoir des lignes éditoriales différentes et un lectorat distinct. Le mémoire analyse le contenu des articles de journaux et cherche à différencier les stratégies de présentation utilisées par les médias selon la période judiciaire (avant, pendant ou après procès) et le type de journal. Le contenu des articles est analysé à travers le prisme des théories sur les stratégies de populisme pénal retrouvées dans les discours politiques. Ces analyses mettent en lumière la présence de stratégies telles que l’emploi d’émotion, les simplifications excessives, le discrédit des experts et la polarisation, lesquelles sont davantage mises de l’avant dans le Journal de Montréal et en l’absence de nouvelles informations (durant la période après le procès). Les analyses révèlent également que les médias ont parfois recours à des stratégies que l’on qualifie d’anti-populistes, comme ce fut le cas pour La Presse, qui a proposé une couverture médiatique de cette affaire qui rompt avec plusieurs des stratégies associées au populisme pénal.

Comment les médias couvrent-ils les causes de justice? : l'affaire Guy Turcotte sous la loupe

Les médias n’offrent pas une réflexion objective des évènements et de la société. Ils emploient plutôt des cadres afin de construire la nouvelle. Les journaux suivent un style de contenu axé sur le marché, ce qui résulte entre autres en la construction d’une « histoire » pouvant mieux rejoindre leurs lectorats. Bien que des études sur la représentation des crimes et criminels dans les médias soient nombreuses, celles portant sur la représentation du système judiciaire sont plutôt rares. Ce mémoire cherche à comprendre comment les médias ont présenté le système judiciaire lors des procédures intentées contre Guy Turcotte, un procès durant lequel le système judiciaire a été fortement discuté et critiqué. Cette affaire judiciaire a été reprise par plusieurs politiciens pour proposer des réformes populistes misant sur des modifications de notre système de justice ou visant une plus grande sévérité face à ce type de crime. Le présent mémoire cherche à vérifier si les médias ont contribué à ce populisme pénal en utilisant des stratégies populistes lors de la présentation de l’affaire judiciaire. De manière plus précise, le mémoire décrit comment les aspects judiciaires et légaux sont représentés dans les médias, et ce, grâce à des analyses quantitatives et qualitatives effectuées sur 239 articles publiés entre 2009 et 2012 dans le Journal de Montréal (JM) et La Presse (LP). Ces journaux sont reconnus pour avoir des lignes éditoriales différentes et un lectorat distinct. Le mémoire analyse le contenu des articles de journaux et cherche à différencier les stratégies de présentation utilisées par les médias selon la période judiciaire (avant, pendant ou après procès) et le type de journal. Le contenu des articles est analysé à travers le prisme des théories sur les stratégies de populisme pénal retrouvées dans les discours politiques. Ces analyses mettent en lumière la présence de stratégies telles que l’emploi d’émotion, les simplifications excessives, le discrédit des experts et la polarisation, lesquelles sont davantage mises de l’avant dans le Journal de Montréal et en l’absence de nouvelles informations (durant la période après le procès). Les analyses révèlent également que les médias ont parfois recours à des stratégies que l’on qualifie d’anti-populistes, comme ce fut le cas pour La Presse, qui a proposé une couverture médiatique de cette affaire qui rompt avec plusieurs des stratégies associées au populisme pénal.

Body, space and time in networked performance

This special issue of Liminalities has been compiled from the outcomes of the conference Remote Encounters: Connecting bodies, collapsing spaces and temporal ubiquity in networked performance held at the University of South Wales on the 11th and 12th of April 2013. By providing an overview of contributions to the issue this editorial aims to both introduce networked performance to a new readership and for those already practicing in the field assemble and present the interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary practice that can be considered as networked performance. Contributor's research themes, practice issues and their creative solutions are identified revealing common threads of enquiry running throughout the issue. In addition notable papers and performances from the conference that have not been included in this issue are discussed briefly.