832 resultados para RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Introduction: The quality of life of dentists has worsened over time, due to increased risks of labor and competitiveness in the labor market. However, there are only few studies about it. Objective: Investigate the perception of quality of life of dentists working in public service. Methods: In order to accomplish that, a cross-sectional study survey was conducted with 52 dentists of the professional permanent staff of the Municipal Health Service. The data were collected through structured questionnaire, validated, self-administered, proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in its shortened version, WHOQOL-Bref. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression were conducted, taking 95% as the confidence interval that characterizes the sample and the calculation of scores for each domain. Results: There was predominance of female subjects (76.9%) the majority of them aged 25 to 35 years (48.7%). Most professionals consider their quality of life good (82.7%), and were satisfied with their health (71.2%). Considering the measures of central tendency and dispersion, the physical domain (13.8) and Environment (13.8) had the lowest mean scores. All areas affected equally poor quality of life of research participants. The facets that showed the lowest values were the physical environment with 39.71 points and 53.92 points to financial resources. Conclusion: The majority of professionals were satisfied with their health and considered their quality of life good.

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Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB

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A growing body of literature indicates a modestly positive association between religiosity and spirituality as predictors of psychological health (anxiety and depression), suggesting they serve as personal resiliency factors. The purpose of this study was to expand our understanding of the relationships among these constructs. Using Lazarus's Transactional Model of Stress as a theoretical framework, we examined: (a) the extent to which spirituality and religiosity mediated and/or moderated the association between perceived stress and psychological health and (b) whether there was a moderated (religiosity) mediation (spirituality) between stress and health. The Perceived Stress Scale, Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale, Religious Commitment Inventory, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were administered to measure the following constructs: stress, spirituality, religiosity, and psychological health. This study utilized a nonexperimental, quantitative, correlational, cross-sectional, moderated-mediation design, and included a convenience sample of 331 research participants. Both spirituality and religiosity moderated stress and health. However, only spirituality partially mediated the relationship. In addition, religiosity did not moderate the mediating effects of spirituality. Overall, this study confirmed the role of both religiosity and spirituality as effective resiliency resources.

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The alternative classification system for personality disorders in DSM-5 features a hierarchical model of maladaptive personality traits. This trait model comprises five broad trait domains and 25 specific trait facets that can be reliably assessed using the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). Although there is a steadily growing literature on the validity of the PID-5, issues of temporal stability and situational influences on test scores are currently unexplored. We addressed these issues using a sample of 611 research participants who completed the PID-5 three times, with time intervals of two months. Latent state-trait (LST) analyses for each of the 25 PID-5 trait facets showed that, on average, 79.5% of the variance was due to stable traits (i.e., consistency), and 7.7% of the variance was due to situational factors (i.e., occasion specificity). Our findings suggest that the PID-5 trait facets predominantly capture individual differences that are stable across time.

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This study examines the role of socially desirable responding (SDR) on smoking cessation program success. SDR is the tendency for individuals to give responses that put themselves in what they perceive to be a socially desirable light. ^ This research is a secondary analysis of data from Project Cognition, a study designed to examine the associations between performance on cognitive assessments and subsequent relapse to smoking. Adult smokers (N=183) were recruited from the greater Houston area to participate in the smoking cessation study. In this portion of the research, participants' smoking status was assessed on their quit day (QD), one week after QD, and four weeks after QD. Primary outcome measures were self-reported relapse, true cessation determined by biological measure, discrepancies between self-reported smoking status and biological assessments of smoking, and dropping out. ^ Primary predictor measures were the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR) and self-reported motivation to quit smoking. The BIDR is a 40-item questionnaire that assesses Self-deceptive Enhancement (SDE; the tendency to give self-reports that are honest but positively biased) and Impression Management (IM; deliberate self-presentation to an audience). Scores were used to create a dichotomous BIDR total score group variable, a dichotomous SDE group variable, and a dichotomous IM group variable. Participants at one standard deviation above the mean were in the "high" group, and scores below one standard deviation were in the "normal" group. In addition, age, race, and gender were analyzed as covariates. ^ The overall findings of this study suggest that in the general population BIDR informs participants' self-reports and the IM and SDR subscales inform participants' behavior. BIDR predicted self-reported relapse in the general population and trended toward indicating that a participant will claim smoking cessation success when biological measures indicate otherwise. SDE interacted with motivation to predict biologically verified cessation success. There was no main effect for BIDR, IM, or SDE predicting drop out; however, IM interacted with age to predict participants' likelihood of drop out. Used in conjunction, the BIDR, IM subscale, and SDR subscale can be used to more accurately tailor smoking cessation programs to the needs of individual participants.^

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El presente estudio de investigación, tiene como objetivo, conocer de qué manera las políticas sociales de economía social, implementadas por el Ministerio de desarrollo social de la provincia de Mendoza, influyen en su población objetivo, principalmente en las personas pertenecientes al programa de Desarrollo Comunitario. Se ha utilizado la metodología cualitativa, en la cual a través de entrevistas en profundidad realizadas en terreno, dan muestra de los resultados otorgados por las unidades de análisis participantes de dicha investigación. Los resultados obtenidos ayudarán para tener una visión más específica sobre estas políticas sociales implementadas en la provincia de Mendoza, entregando información importante para el mejoramiento en la ejecución e implementación de dichas políticas.

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The City Educator Program is articulated with PROEX-Pro - Deanship Culture and Student Affairs through the Directorate of Extension, along with the Institute of Geography, Faculty of Architecture, Urban Planning and Design Institute and the City Futura Pro. Program is conducted since 2008 by the Federal University of Uberlândia and Motion City Futura. The outreach program aims to promote democratic governance and smart planning municipal and regional level, enabling public and social (government technicians, law enforcement officers, and civil society leaders) seeking implementation of legal instruments, urban and tributaries in the counties of Araguari and Uberlândia, established in the City Statute and Master Plans, and the Fiscal Responsibility, Social Rights established by the Constitution, and all the instruments of social control in the municipalities involved. The methodology includes content developed through dynamic, research participant, group work and exposure dialogue. The results were relevant to holding the Course on Urban Management and Sustainable Democratic, Uberlândia A Forum for Sustainable Leadership Training Course Ethical and Sustainable, Community Workshops Seminars in Neighborhoods assessment; Map Workshop Speaker, Research Participants, Seminars and Interactive Campaigns Mobilization office in the territory. Were produced articles, reports and reflections that are public in book form. At the end of the implementation of program activities, the municipal governments, entities and non-governmental organizations as well as citizens who, directly or indirectly, involved with the program, attended the final seminar where, besides the presentation of results, was made, collectively, evaluation and assessment of all activities

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The City Educator Program is articulated with PROEX-Pro - Deanship Culture and Student Affairs through the Directorate of Extension, along with the Institute of Geography, Faculty of Architecture, Urban Planning and Design Institute and the City Futura Pro. Program is conducted since 2008 by the Federal University of Uberlândia and Motion City Futura. The outreach program aims to promote democratic governance and smart planning municipal and regional level, enabling public and social (government technicians, law enforcement officers, and civil society leaders) seeking implementation of legal instruments, urban and tributaries in the counties of Araguari and Uberlândia, established in the City Statute and Master Plans, and the Fiscal Responsibility, Social Rights established by the Constitution, and all the instruments of social control in the municipalities involved. The methodology includes content developed through dynamic, research participant, group work and exposure dialogue. The results were relevant to holding the Course on Urban Management and Sustainable Democratic, Uberlândia A Forum for Sustainable Leadership Training Course Ethical and Sustainable, Community Workshops Seminars in Neighborhoods assessment; Map Workshop Speaker, Research Participants, Seminars and Interactive Campaigns Mobilization office in the territory. Were produced articles, reports and reflections that are public in book form. At the end of the implementation of program activities, the municipal governments, entities and non-governmental organizations as well as citizens who, directly or indirectly, involved with the program, attended the final seminar where, besides the presentation of results, was made, collectively, evaluation and assessment of all activities

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The City Educator Program is articulated with PROEX-Pro - Deanship Culture and Student Affairs through the Directorate of Extension, along with the Institute of Geography, Faculty of Architecture, Urban Planning and Design Institute and the City Futura Pro. Program is conducted since 2008 by the Federal University of Uberlândia and Motion City Futura. The outreach program aims to promote democratic governance and smart planning municipal and regional level, enabling public and social (government technicians, law enforcement officers, and civil society leaders) seeking implementation of legal instruments, urban and tributaries in the counties of Araguari and Uberlândia, established in the City Statute and Master Plans, and the Fiscal Responsibility, Social Rights established by the Constitution, and all the instruments of social control in the municipalities involved. The methodology includes content developed through dynamic, research participant, group work and exposure dialogue. The results were relevant to holding the Course on Urban Management and Sustainable Democratic, Uberlândia A Forum for Sustainable Leadership Training Course Ethical and Sustainable, Community Workshops Seminars in Neighborhoods assessment; Map Workshop Speaker, Research Participants, Seminars and Interactive Campaigns Mobilization office in the territory. Were produced articles, reports and reflections that are public in book form. At the end of the implementation of program activities, the municipal governments, entities and non-governmental organizations as well as citizens who, directly or indirectly, involved with the program, attended the final seminar where, besides the presentation of results, was made, collectively, evaluation and assessment of all activities

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Este trabalho, fruto de uma iniciativa de mestrado profissional, combinou pesquisa científica com arte literária, especialmente com o romance Ensaio Sobre a Cegueira, de José Saramago. O objetivo desta pesquisa: elaborar um ensaio baseado em um processo de argumentação para pensar a minha formação em saúde a partir de diferentes experiências. Para desenvolvê-lo, uso o seguinte argumento: as minhas experiências no Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde (PET-Saúde) são um diferencial na minha formação em Educação Física. Para demonstrar a validade desse argumento, levantei premissas e discorri sobre elas a fim de concluir esse processo de argumentação. São elas: (1) diversificação do cenário de ensino-aprendizagem; (2) aproximação de estudantes com o ambiente de trabalho; (3) vivência interprofissional com vistas ao exercício da integralidade; (4) abertura para outros modos de pensar o corpo na formação em Educação Física. A propósito das experiências dos participantes da pesquisa, foi feito um encontro no qual conduzi duas atividades: narrativas individuais escritas e roda de conversa nos moldes de um grupo focal. Como resultado, apresento experiências de integração ensino-serviço de estudantes de Educação Física na atenção primária/atenção básica em saúde a partir do PET-Saúde no Projeto da USP-Capital, versão de 2010-2012. A partir delas, destacamos que houve mudanças nos modos de pensar e de operar as práticas de saúde, além de transformar o profissional a ponto de ele se interessar e defender o SUS como espaço de trabalho. É interessante enfatizar que as experiências produziram o que denomino gestos, movimentos que poderão inspirar ou instigar estudantes e profissionais da saúde na reflexão a respeito da formação.

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A pesquisa sobre as percepções de residentes da região de Piracicaba em relação às questões ambientais e ao futuro da humanidade no planeta foi desenvolvida com base em um questionário semi-estruturado. As questões buscaram levantar dados autoavaliativos sobre perfil, comportamentos, estado de humor, qualidade de vida, condição econômica e hábitos de consumo, práticas para destinação de resíduos, iniciativas de exercício de cidadania em prol da sustentabilidade socioambiental, para enfim, indagar sobre percepções de futuro e avaliações sobre o contexto socioambiental dos participantes da pesquisa. A aplicação dos questionários foi feita de forma aleatória estratificada nos bairros das cinco regiões da cidade de Piracicaba: Norte, Sul, Leste, Oeste e Centro. Por meio dessas aplicações, foram obtidos 655 questionários, que foram sistematizados, tabulados e analisados estatisticamente, utilizando-se gráficos de frequência, o Teste de Kruskal Wallis, os Testes de Correlação de Spearman e Kendall, o Teste de Qui-Quadrado e o Teste Exato de Fisher. Foram também criadas nuvens de palavras, desenvolvidas no software online \"Wordle\" (FEINBERG, 2014). Os resultados obtidos com essa pesquisa e as análises desenvolvidas indicam que 227 pessoas, isto é, aproximadamente 35% dos respondentes, possui uma percepção pessimista sobre o futuro da humanidade no planeta. Porém, 493 pessoas, o equivalente a aproximadamente 75% do total de respondentes, considerou que, dentre as alternativas apresentadas no questionário (Desenvolvimento de tecnologias; Controle de natalidade; Educação e mudanças culturais; Cobrança de impostos com base nos impactos ambientais; Intervenção do Estado), a educação e mudanças culturais são fundamentais no processo de transformação social e de superação das problemáticas ambientais. Observou-se também que a crise hídrica vivenciada na época em que os questionários foram aplicados também influenciou na percepção social dos respondentes, uma vez que a palavra \"água\" foi citada 380 vezes. Por meio do trabalho, foi também possível analisar o comportamento ambiental dos pesquisados, notando-se que ainda há a necessidade de promoção de atividades educacionais e comunicacionais que possam estimular a adoção de hábitos e comportamentos mais comprometidos com ideias de sustentabilidade e que levem a mudanças mais efetivas nos padrões de relacionamento entre sociedade e meio ambiente.

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Objective: To summarize current knowledge about genetic susceptibility to mood disorders and examine ethical and policy issues that will need to be addressed if robustly replicated susceptibility alleles lead to proposals to screen and intervene with persons at increased genetic risk of developing mood disorders. Method: Empirical studies and reviews of the genetics of unipolar and bipolar depression were collected via MEDLINE and psycINFO database searches. Results: A number of candidate genes for depression have been identified, each of which increases the risk of mood disorders two- or threefold. None of the associations between these alleles and mood disorders have been consistently reported to date. Conclusions: Screening the population for genetic susceptibility to mood disorders is unlikely to be a practically useful policy (given plausible assumptions). Until there are effective treatments for persons at increased risk, screening is arguably unethical. Screening within affected families to advise on risks of developing depression would entail screening children and adolescents, raising potentially serious ethical issues of consent and stigmatization. Genetic research on depression should continue under appropriate ethical guidelines that protect the interests of research participants.

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Cultura Audiovisual e Formação de Educadores: Possibilidades e Limites em Práticas Educomunicativas buscou investigar as possibilidades e limites da utilização de práticas educomunicativas para a transposição de barreiras e a aproximação entre educadores e educandos, a partir da formação de educadores para a produção de cultura audiovisual no ambiente escolar. Para tanto, foram norteadores teóricos da pesquisa: Paulo Freire e Henry Giroux, para os conceitos de educação e formação de educadores; Fernando Hernandez e Marshall McLuhan no tocante à cultura audiovisual e aos meios de comunicação; Mario Kaplún e Ismar de Oliveira Soares para o conceito de educomunicação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa-ação qualitativa, baseada em experiências formativas para educadores voltadas para a produção de cultura audiovisual por meio de práticas educomunicativas, nos formatos de vídeo, rádio e histórias em quadrinhos. Os dados da pesquisa foram coletados através da realização de círculos de cultura, conforme a proposta de Paulo Freire, registrados em áudio, onde os sujeitos da pesquisa discutiram as impressões sobre estas experiências. As possibilidades e limites investigados foram observados sob os eixos subjetivo, coletivo e estrutural a fim de analisar as principais dimensões do trabalho educativo. Os resultados obtidos permitiram observar que só o aspecto da formação de educadores não contempla a transformação das relações no contexto escolar, mas que a fundamentação de projetos político-pedagógicos institucionais alinhados com a proposta educomunicativa pode ser viabilizadora destas transformações num escopo mais amplo e efetivo.

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Este estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a Qualidade de Vida (QV), sintomas depressivos, estresse, satisfação sexual e vivências emocionais em pacientes que apresentam infertilidade. Participaram deste estudo 500 pessoas (mulheres e homens), com idade igual ou maior a 18 anos, pacientes de um ambulatório de reprodução humana localizado no Grande ABC Paulista. O estudo utilizou instrumentos de avaliação autoaplicáveis: WHOQOL-Bref, BDI-II, ISQ, ICQ, ISS e questionário sócio-demográfico. A caracterização da amostra estudada demostrou alto nível escolar (62,4pc), boa condição econômica (80,2pc, idade superior a 30 anos (82,8pc) e a maioria apresenta infertilidade primária (73,2pc). Quanto à QV, níveis de depressão e estresse os homens apresentam melhores resultados quando comparados às mulheres. No que ser refere aos níveis de satisfação sexual 56,6% dos participantes descrevem ter satisfação sexual, mas 45,4% afirmam ter insatisfação sexual e não houve diferença entre os gêneros. As análises dos dados mostraram que é maior o número de mulheres do que o de homens que procuram atendimento para infertilidade (64,8pc). Pôde-se comprovar que além das dificuldades provenientes da infertilidade, o tratamento, também, impacta sobre a vida dessas pessoas. Foram diversos participantes que descreveram significativas mudanças (42,8pc), dos quais apontaram em maioria absoluta (92,6pc) uma piora no estado de humor devido ao tratamento. Como também é alto o índice de pessoas que descrevem sintomas de depressão (38,8pc) e estresse (31,4pc) acima da média da população geral. Ao considerar as especificidades da qualidade de vida averiguou-se um maior impacto no domínio psicológico dos pacientes (15,20 pontos) comparado ao físico (15,68 pontos). Estes resultados ressaltam a importância do atendimento psicológico para as pessoas em programas de reprodução humana.