876 resultados para REMIFENTANIL - INVESTIGACION


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Surgical stress response markedly increases sympathetic nerve activity and catecholamine concentrations. This may contribute to peripheral vasoconstriction, reduced wound perfusion and subsequent tissue hypoxia. Opioids are known to depress the hypothalamic-adrenal response to surgery in a dose-dependent manner. We tested the hypothesis that continuous remifentanil administration produces improved subcutaneous tissue oxygen tension compared to fentanyl bolus administration. Forty-six patients undergoing major abdominal surgery were randomly assigned to receive either fentanyl bolus administration or continuous remifentanil infusion. Mean subcutaneous tissue oxygen values over the entire intra-operative period were significantly higher in the remifentanil group, when compared to the fentanyl group: 8 (2) kPa vs 6.7 (1.5) kPa, % CI difference: - 2.3 kPa to - 0.3 kPa, p = 0.013. Continuous intra-operative opioid administration may blunt vasoconstriction caused by surgical stress and adrenergic responses more than an equi-effective anaesthetic regimen based on smaller-dose bolus opioid administration.

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INTRODUCTION: We studied intra-individual and inter-individual variability of two online sedation monitors, BIS and Entropy, in volunteers under sedation. METHODS: Ten healthy volunteers were sedated in a stepwise manner with doses of either midazolam and remifentanil or dexmedetomidine and remifentanil. One week later the procedure was repeated with the remaining drug combination. The doses were adjusted to achieve three different sedation levels (Ramsay Scores 2, 3 and 4) and controlled by a computer-driven drug-delivery system to maintain stable plasma concentrations of the drugs. At each level of sedation, BIS and Entropy (response entropy and state entropy) values were recorded for 20 minutes. Baseline recordings were obtained before the sedative medications were administered. RESULTS: Both inter-individual and intra-individual variability increased as the sedation level deepened. Entropy values showed greater variability than BIS(R) values, and the variability was greater during dexmedetomidine/remifentanil sedation than during midazolam/remifentanil sedation. CONCLUSIONS: The large intra-individual and inter-individual variability of BIS and Entropy values in sedated volunteers makes the determination of sedation levels by processed electroencephalogram (EEG) variables impossible. Reports in the literature which draw conclusions based on processed EEG variables obtained from sedated intensive care unit (ICU) patients may be inaccurate due to this variability. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Nr. NCT00641563.

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El turismo como campo de investigación está en proceso de delimitación de sus fronteras con otros campos de conocimiento, campos disciplinares con trayectoria científica y mayor consolidación de su autonomía; consecuentemente con posibilidades de producir determinaciones sobre él. Si bien durante el proceso de constitución como tal, el turismo se nutrió de los aportes teóricos y metodológicos de múltiples disciplinas, hoy se hace evidente la necesidad de pensarse a sí mismo con mayor autonomía. Ello significa construir una mirada transdisciplinar orientada a la construcción de un corpus epistemológico específico que integre de modo coherente a cada una de las dimensiones de este particular objeto de estudio. Se cree oportuno entonces, efectuar el análisis del turismo como campo de investigación enfocado críticamente a descubrir, por una parte, puntos de encuentro disciplinares que permitan generar miradas integradoras y, por la otra, identificar rupturas teórico-metodológicas que promuevan nuevas orientaciones y perspectivas. Así, la investigación se concentra en el análisis del turismo como campo de investigación en el período comprendido entre 2001 y 2008 en nuestro país. Su principal anclaje está centrado en la producción efectuada por los docentes-investigadores dependientes de las universidades públicas miembros del CONDET1. Se trata de un estudio interpretativo, abordado desde la perspectiva de la teoría de los campos, a partir del cual se puedan identificar posiciones y miradas; puntos de encuentro a la vez que rupturas epistemológicas.

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