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O câncer de colo uterino é a segunda neoplasia mais comum entre as mulheres brasileiras. A principal estratégia para a prevenção é a detecção precoce de lesões precursoras. O presente artigo é resultado de uma revisão bibliográfica que tem como objetivo contribuir para a capacitação dos agentes comunitários de saúde e sensibilizá-los sobre suas atribuições em relação às práticas de prevenção do câncer de colo de útero. Foram consultados artigos de periódicos científicos, manuais e documentos oficiais publicados até 2015, que tenham sido realizados no Brasil. Os resultados encontrados foram descritos em forma de texto, destacando os pontos principais, com ênfase na definição das atribuições do agente comunitário de saúde para a contribuição do aumento do rastreamento do câncer de colo uterino e, consequentemente, na diminuição da morbimortalidade entre as mulheres, além da identificação de lacunas existentes na sua formação, que nos dias de hoje, permanece desestruturada, fragmentada e muitas vezes insuficientes para o desenvolvimento das competências necessárias. Com base nessas informações, será elaborado um fluxograma local para ser seguido durante uma atividade de capacitação proposta por profissionais da saúde numa unidade de Estratégia Saúde da Família na cidade de Duque de Caxias-RJ.

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O câncer de colo uterino é a segunda neoplasia mais comum entre as mulheres brasileiras. A principal estratégia para a prevenção é a detecção precoce de lesões precursoras. O presente artigo é resultado de uma revisão bibliográfica que tem como objetivo contribuir para a capacitação dos agentes comunitários de saúde e sensibilizá-los sobre suas atribuições em relação às práticas de prevenção do câncer de colo de útero. Foram consultados artigos de periódicos científicos, manuais e documentos oficiais publicados até 2015, que tenham sido realizados no Brasil. Os resultados encontrados foram descritos em forma de texto, destacando os pontos principais, com ênfase na definição das atribuições do agente comunitário de saúde para a contribuição do aumento do rastreamento do câncer de colo uterino e, consequentemente, na diminuição da morbimortalidade entre as mulheres, além da identificação de lacunas existentes na sua formação, que nos dias de hoje, permanece desestruturada, fragmentada e muitas vezes insuficientes para o desenvolvimento das competências necessárias. Com base nessas informações, será elaborado um fluxograma local para ser seguido durante uma atividade de capacitação proposta por profissionais da saúde numa unidade de Estratégia Saúde da Família na cidade de Duque de Caxias-RJ.

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O Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF) surgiu partir de um encontro promovido pelo Ministério da Saúde para discutir os resultados alcançados pelo Programa de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (PACS), juntamente com os gestores municipais que reivindicavam reestruturação imediata do programa. Assim, o PSF nasceu sob a inspiração do êxito alcançado pelo PACS e a experiência positiva do Programa de Médico da Família em Niterói. O PSF, agora elevado ao status de Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), configura-se como uma proposta de reordenamento do modelo assistencial a partir de uma nova configuração do sistema de atenção básica, através de uma equipe de profissionais de diversas áreas da saúde, com graus de instrução superior e médio, como é o caso dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS's). O ACS é o profissional da saúde pertencente à comunidade de sua área de atuação, e que desenvolve ações nos domicílios sob sua responsabilidade. O ACS é, portanto, o elo de ligação entre Unidade de Saúde da Família e a comunidade onde desenvolve suas ações. Em virtude de sua proximidade com a comunidade e, consequentemente, com as famílias que a compõe, o ACS torna-se o principal difusor das práticas de atenção básica da saúde, principalmente ao que tange à alimentação familiar, em especial, da criança. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho visa demonstrar a importância do ACS frente às dificuldades enfrentadas pelas mães em relação à alimentação da criança, especialmente na etapa de transição alimentar, quando se requer atenção dobrada em relação às práticas nutricionais, pois, uma má orientação pode levar a situações patológicas irreversíveis na fase adulta do indivíduo.

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Foi realizado um projeto de intervenção educativa com o objetivo de aumentar os conhecimentos sobre os principais fatores de risco para a hipertensão arterial dos usuários cadastrados na USF Esperança do município Brazópolis, no estado de Minas Gerais, no período de dezembro de 2014 a julho 2015. O universo estudado foi todos os usuários cadastrados maiores de 15 anos na USF referida e a amostragem foi aleatória. Inicialmente, foram analisados alguns parâmetros que definem os conhecimentos da hipertensão arterial através de um questionário de rastreamento, elaborado pelo próprio autor, que se aplicará antes da intervenção para identificar o conhecimento que se tem da doença e depois das intervenções educativas para avaliar e comprovar se houve aumento dos conhecimentos sobre os fatores de risco na hipertensão arterial e a influência desta em seu comportamento. Foram analisados fatores não modificáveis (idade, sexo, raça, história familiar) e fatores modificáveis (escolaridade, sedentarismo, hábitos tóxicos, obesidade, dislipidemias). Esperava-se que 100% dos participantes elevem o nível de conhecimento para permitir a identificação precoce dos sintomas desta doença, contribuindo para a melhora da qualidade de vida, evidenciado pela redução dos níveis pressóricos e de suas complicações. Estes resultados foram expressos em gráficos e tabelas para os profissionais da Unidade de Saúde, demostrando a eficácia da intervenção educativa para aumentar o nível de conhecimento e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes

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BACKGROUND: Strictureplasty is an alternative surgical procedure for Crohn?s disease, particulary in patients with previous resections or many intestinal stenosis. AIM: To analyze surgical complications and clinical follow-up in patients submitted to strictureplasty secondary to Crohn?s disease. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients (57.1% male, mean age 33.3 years, range 16-54 years) with Crohn?s disease and intestinal stenosis (small bowel, ileocecal region and ileocolic anastomosis) were submitted to strictureplasty, at one institution, between September 1991 and May 2004. Thirteen patients had previous intestinal resections. The mean follow-up was 58.1 months. A total of 116 strictureplasties were done (94 Heineke-Mikulicz - 81%, 15 Finney - 13%, seven side-to-side ileocolic strictureplasty - 6%). Three patients were submitted to strictureplasty at two different surgical procedures and two in three procedures. RESULTS: Regarding to strictureplasty, postoperative complication rate was 25% and mortality was 3.6%. Early local complication rate was 57.1%, with three suture leaks (10.7%) and late complication was present in two patients, both with incisional hernial and enterocutaneous fistulas (28.6%). Patients remained hospitalized during a medium time of 12.4 days. Clinical and surgical recurrence rates were 63% and 41%, respectively. Among the patients submitted to another surgery, two patients had two more operations and one had three. Recurrence rate at strictureplasty site was observed in 3.5%, being Finney technique the commonest one. Presently, 19 patients had been asymptomatic with the majority of them under medical therapy. CONCLUSION: Strictureplasties have low complication rates, in spite of having been done at compromised site, with long term pain relief. Considering the clinical course of Crohn?s disease, with many patients being submitted to intestinal resections, strictureplasties should be considered as an effective surgical treatment to spare long intestinal resections.

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BACKGROUND: Total rectocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis is the choice surgical procedure for patients with ulcerative colitis. In cases of Crohn's disease post-operative diagnosis, it can be followed by pouch failure. AIM: To evaluate ileal pouch-anal anastomosis long-term outcome in patients with Crohn's disease. METHODS: Between February 1983 and March 2007, 151 patients were submitted to ileal pouch-anal anastomosis by Campinas State University Colorectal Unit, Campinas, SP, Brazil, 76 had pre-operative ulcerative colitis diagnosis and 11 had post-operative Crohn's disease diagnosis. Crohn's disease diagnosis was made by histopathological biopsies in nine cases, being one in surgical specimen, two cases in rectal stump, small bowel in two cases, ileal pouch in three and in perianal abscess in one of them. The median age was 30.6 years and eight (72.7%) were female. RESULTS: All patients had previous ulcerative colitis diagnosis and in five cases emergency colectomy was done by toxic megacolon. The mean time until of Crohn's disease diagnosis was 30.6 (6-80) months after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. Ileostomy closure was possible in 10 cases except in one that had ileal pouch fistula, perianal disease and small bowel involvement. In the long-term follow-up, three patients had perineal fistulas and one had also a pouch-vaginal fistula. All of them were submitted to a new ileostomy and one had the pouch excised. Another patient presented pouch-vaginal fistula which was successfully treated by mucosal flap. Three patients had small bowel involvement and three others, pouch involvement. All improved with medical treatment. Presently, the mean follow-up is 76.5 months and all patients are in clinical remission, and four have fecal diversion. The remaining patients have good functional results with 6-10 bowel movements/day. CONCLUSION: Crohn's disease diagnosis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis may be usual and later complications such fistulas and stenosis are common. However, when left in situ ileal pouch is associated with good function.

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Seizures happen for brief periods of time, but the feelings of anxiety and helplessness, adaptation to the restrictions impose by the life-style and variety of other problems affect more the quality of life in epilepsy. This study proposes a protocol that regards the objectives of a quality of life assessment in health and is applied to a population that attends a university hospital. It contains 65 items and assesses the psychosocial performance, physical limitation, cognitive aspects, perception of control, self-concept, as well as perception of health and quality of life. The results of reliability and validity are discussed.

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Cardboard packing for horticultural products has as main function to protect them. The design of a cardboard packing request the knowledge of the bending stiffens which is depending on the modulus of elasticity. The objective of this work was to calculate the cardboard modulus of elasticity from data obtained in laboratory using physical characterization test, with different methods, and comparing the results with the values obtained experimentally. Ten samples of each cardboard selected for this study were tested in the paper fabrication direction and in its transverse direction. The papers liner and medium resistance to the traction, used to calculate the bending stiffness, was determined in a universal machine test. To obtaining of the bending stiffens the four points test was accomplished. Expressive variations among the methods from which the modulus of elasticity is obtained were observed and that influence the bending stiffness of the structure. The stiffness values obtained experimentally were always greater than the values obtained from analytical method. This difference can be attributed to two factors, the production processes that assurance a larger rigidity than the components separately and the addition of the adhesive layer that is not taken in consideration in the analytic calculations.

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This study presents the results of a cost-effectiveness analysis in a controlled clinical trial on the effectiveness of a modified glass ionomer resin sealant ( Vitremer, 3M ESPE) and the application of fluoride varnish (Duraphat, Colgate) on occlusal surfaces of first permanent molars in children 6-8 years of age (N = 268), according to caries risk (high versus low). Children were examined semiannually by the same calibrated dentist for 24 months after allocation in six groups: high and low risk controls (oral health education every three months); high and low risk with varnish (oral health education every three months + varnish biannually); and high and low risk with sealant (oral health education every three months + a single application of sealant). Economic analysis showed that sealing permanent first molars of high-risk schoolchildren showed a C/E ratio of US$ 119.80 per saved occlusal surface and an incremental C/E ratio of US$ 108.36 per additional saved occlusal surface. The study concluded that sealing permanent first molars of high-risk schoolchildren was the most cost-effective intervention.

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Polypodium pleopeltifolium is an epiphytic fern which occurs in cerrado vegetation of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The species is light sensitive for germination but some spores germinate in the absence of light. Short treatments at 40 or 5ºC and alternating temperatures did not increase the germination in dark conditions. Germination was not affected by IAA but it was reduced by GA3, CEPA and ABA. Red light (short treatments) promoted germination.

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This study investigated the intrinsic and extrinsic motivacional orientations of students in the context of the educational continuous progression. The sample was composed of 160 subjects of second, fourth, sixth and eighth grades of the elementary school. Data was collected by means of the presentation of histories involving the intrinsic, extrinsic motivation and the educational continuous progression system. Subjects were interviewed individually. Their answers were transcribed verbatim and submitted to content analysis. Results indicated that a expressive percentage of students did not know the educational system of continuous progression. Students revealed a predominantly intrinsic motivation orientation with advances in age and in school grade level, even though knowing that they will not repeat any school grade. This study pointed out the importance of deepening our knowledge concerning the impact of the educational continuous progression in students' motivation to learn.

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Purpose: A survey was carried out on one hundred patients of the Emergency Service of the Ophthalmology Department of the Hospital das Clinicas of the University of Campinas (UNICAMP), in order to analyze the personal characteristics and the barriers against getting resolving ophthalmologic assistance. Variables, were the following: sex, age, home town, average distance between the place of initial symptoms and first visit to the hospital, time spent between the first examination (if performed in any other service) and the examination performed at the Hospital das Clinicas of University of Campinas, diagnosis, veracity of emergency, need to refer patients previously seen in other services to our Service and possibility of assistance and treatment at a secondary level. Methods: The sample showed the following characteristics: distances between 20 and 100 kilometers covered by 50.0% of the patients to be seen at University of Campinas. 75.0% of those patients needed someone to stay with them and 67.0% came from other municipalities. The long distances covered meant additional expenses for the treatment of diseases which should be treated locally. Results: Among the patients referred to University of Campinas by ophthalmologists of other services, 87.5% could have their diseases treated at a secondary level of assistance and 66.7% of real emergencies and 60% of false emergencies took longer than 7 days to reach the emergency room of University of Campinas. This shows the poor infrastructure of secondary services regarding excellence of emergency care and education of patients. Conclusions: We recommend education of general physicians and ophthalmologists for emergency eye care and also the supply of both secondary and tertiary public services or medicare, strategically setup in the whole state of Sao Paulo.

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física