Generalized modal identification of linear and nonlinear dynamic systems

This dissertation is concerned with the problem of determining the dynamic characteristics of complicated engineering systems and structures from the measurements made during dynamic tests or natural excitations. Particular attention is given to the identification and modeling of the behavior of structural dynamic systems in the nonlinear hysteretic response regime. Once a model for the system has been identified, it is intended to use this model to assess the condition of the system and to predict the response to future excitations.

A new identification methodology based upon a generalization of the method of modal identification for multi-degree-of-freedom dynaimcal systems subjected to base motion is developed. The situation considered herein is that in which only the base input and the response of a small number of degrees-of-freedom of the system are measured. In this method, called the generalized modal identification method, the response is separated into "modes" which are analogous to those of a linear system. Both parametric and nonparametric models can be employed to extract the unknown nature, hysteretic or nonhysteretic, of the generalized restoring force for each mode.

In this study, a simple four-term nonparametric model is used first to provide a nonhysteretic estimate of the nonlinear stiffness and energy dissipation behavior. To extract the hysteretic nature of nonlinear systems, a two-parameter distributed element model is then employed. This model exploits the results of the nonparametric identification as an initial estimate for the model parameters. This approach greatly improves the convergence of the subsequent optimization process.

The capability of the new method is verified using simulated response data from a three-degree-of-freedom system. The new method is also applied to the analysis of response data obtained from the U.S.-Japan cooperative pseudo-dynamic test of a full-scale six-story steel-frame structure.

The new system identification method described has been found to be both accurate and computationally efficient. It is believed that it will provide a useful tool for the analysis of structural response data.

Modal analysis of deep-etched low-contrast two-port beam splitter grating

Modal analysis of a deep-etched low-contrast two-port beam splitter grating under Littrow Mounting is presented. The guideline for the design of a subwavelength transmission fused-silica phase grating as high-efficiency grating, polarizing beam splitter (PBS), and two-port beam splitter, is summarized. As an example, a polarization-independent two-port beam splitter grating is designed at wavelength of 1064 nm. We firstly analyzed the physical essence of the grating by the simplified modal method. The guideline for the grating design and the approximate grating parameters are obtained. Then using the rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) with parameters varying around the approximate ones, Optimum grating parameters can be determined. With the design guideline, the time for the rigorous calculation of the grating profile parameters can be reduced significantly. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Modal fields and bending loss analyses of three-layer large flattened mode fibers

Theoretical method to analyze three-layer large flattened mode (LFM) fibers is presented. The modal fields, including the fundamental and higher order modes, and bending loss of the fiber are analyzed. The reason forming the different modal fields is explained and the feasibility to filter out the higher order modes via bending to realize high power, high beam quality fiber laser is given. Comparisons are made with the standard step-index fiber. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

As orações subordinadas não classificadas pela NGB agente da passiva modal - locativa

As orações subordinadas agente da passiva, as orações modais e as locativas têm pleno funcionamento na língua portuguesa, embora não tenham seu reconhecimento na Nomenclatura Gramatical Brasileira, o que significa dizer que estas orações não existem, oficialmente, na nossa língua. Este trabalho tem por objetivo demonstrar como este tema é desenvolvido entre os autores de língua portuguesa, entre gramáticos tradicionais, funcionalistas e pedagógicos e sintaticistas e, principalmente, que estas orações são normalmente utilizadas, tanto na língua falada como na escrita. Realizou-se um estudo comparado entre 21 renomados autores de língua portuguesa, em uma detalhada revisão de literatura. Destarte contribui-se para ampliação da pesquisa na área da sintaxe portuguesa a fim de promover uma reflexão aprofundada sobre o tema entre os estudiosos da língua portuguesa ou entre os que, de alguma forma, se interessam pelo nosso idioma. Mas o que importa mesmo como resultado da pesquisa é comprovar o pleno funcionamento destas orações no idioma em movimento, na língua viva. Para tal, compôs-se um pequeno corpus por meio de textos midiáticos. Foram selecionados sessenta recortes dos jornais O Globo, JB e das revistas Veja e CartaCapital, todos on line, que comprovam o uso natural, ou mesmo comum, das orações agente da passiva, das orações modais e locativas. Assim tornou-se possível afirmar que estas orações funcionam plenamente em nosso idioma, encontram, na sintaxe portuguesa, seu habitat natural e ganham vida, graça e força na fala e na escrita dos falantes de língua portuguesa, na nossa fala e na nossa escrita, de nós, brasileiros