Taninos condensados en leguminosas del género Lotus : estudio de sus funciones biológicas y evaluación de su utilidad en el mejoramiento de la calidad forrajera de especies de importancia agronómica

Algunas especies del género Lotus son utilizadas como forrajeras en ambientes de menor aptitud agrícola, las cuales presentan contenidos variables de taninos condensados (TC). La optimización del contenido de TC constituye un objetivo tecnológico de mejora en la calidad forrajera de las leguminosas. L. tenuis es considerada relativamente tolerante a diferentes estreses ambientales, pero no existen reportes relacionados a la optimización de sus niveles de TC. Debido a ello y utilizando el protocolo DMACA-HCl, se cuantificaron los niveles de TC en numerosas poblaciones de L. tenuis, observándose niveles inferiores a los recomendados para leguminosas forrajeras y quedando en evidencia simultáneamente, que no es posible su optimización por selección recurrente. Ello motivó el interés en evaluar la hibridización interespecífica entre L. tenuis y una población seleccionada de L. corniculatus como alternativa tecnológica de mejora. De esta manera, se obtuvo un material con mejores características forrajeras y mayor tolerancia al estrés salino. A su vez, estos materiales resultaron de interés para el estudio de la regulación transcripcional de los genes relacionados a la biosíntesis de TC, observándose que no dependen únicamente de los factores de transcripción y genes que presentan un papel central en otras especies. Por último, en ensayos de inoculación con rizobios, se determinó que los niveles de TC en raíces de Lotus no se encuentran relacionados a la especificidad de la simbiosis y que la formación de nódulos inefectivos determina un incremento en los niveles de estos metabolitos secundarios

Productividad de un pastizal de la Depresión del Salado intersembrado con Lotus tenuis Waldst : efecto de la densidad de siembra, la fertilización fosforada y el peleteado de semilla

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Taninos condensados en leguminosas del género Lotus : estudio de sus funciones biológicas y evaluación de su utilidad en el mejoramiento de la calidad forrajera de especies de importancia agronómica

Algunas especies del género Lotus son utilizadas como forrajeras en ambientes de menor aptitud agrícola, las cuales presentan contenidos variables de taninos condensados (TC). La optimización del contenido de TC constituye un objetivo tecnológico de mejora en la calidad forrajera de las leguminosas. L. tenuis es considerada relativamente tolerante a diferentes estreses ambientales, pero no existen reportes relacionados a la optimización de sus niveles de TC. Debido a ello y utilizando el protocolo DMACA-HCl, se cuantificaron los niveles de TC en numerosas poblaciones de L. tenuis, observándose niveles inferiores a los recomendados para leguminosas forrajeras y quedando en evidencia simultáneamente, que no es posible su optimización por selección recurrente. Ello motivó el interés en evaluar la hibridización interespecífica entre L. tenuis y una población seleccionada de L. corniculatus como alternativa tecnológica de mejora. De esta manera, se obtuvo un material con mejores características forrajeras y mayor tolerancia al estrés salino. A su vez, estos materiales resultaron de interés para el estudio de la regulación transcripcional de los genes relacionados a la biosíntesis de TC, observándose que no dependen únicamente de los factores de transcripción y genes que presentan un papel central en otras especies. Por último, en ensayos de inoculación con rizobios, se determinó que los niveles de TC en raíces de Lotus no se encuentran relacionados a la especificidad de la simbiosis y que la formación de nódulos inefectivos determina un incremento en los niveles de estos metabolitos secundarios

Aportaciones al conocimiento cariológico de la tribu Loteae (Fabaceae)

Se estudian 40 poblaciones correspondientes a 21 táxones integrantes de la tribu Loteae y pertenecientes a los géneros Lotus. Dorycnium, Anthyllis y Tetragonolobus.

Helix pomatia agglutinin lectin-binding oligosaccharides of aggressive breast cancer

Predicting long-term outcome after breast-cancer diagnosis remains problematic, particularly for patients with clinically small, axillary lymph node- negative tumours, Evidence suggests that the lectin Helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA) identifies oligosaccharides associated with poor-prognosis cancer. Our aim was to identify oligosaccharides that bind HPA in aggressive breast cancers. Breast-cancer cell lines (MCF-7, BT-549 and BT-20) and a cell line From human milk (HBL-100), which showed a range of HPA-binding intensities, were used to extract HPA-binding glycoproteins, Oligosaccharides were released using anhydrous hydrazine and separated on a range of HPLC matrices. We investigated whether HPA-binding oligosaccharides from cell lines were present in human breast-cancer tissues, using 69 breast-cancer specimens from patients with between 5 and 10 years' follow-up. A monosialylated oligosaccharide was over-expressed in the cell line that bound HPA strongly. Further analysis by normal-phase HPLC showed that the 2-aminobenzamide-conjugated oligosaccharide had a hydrodynamic volume of 4.58 glucose units (HPAgly 1), Increased expression of HPAgly 1 was associated with HPA staining of breast-cancer specimens (Student's t-test p = 0.025). Analysis of oligosaccharide levels and disease-free survival after treatment for breast cancer indicated a shorter disease-free interval for patients with elevated levels of HPAgly 1, This is the first time that histochemical lectin staining has been correlated with biochemical mapping of oligosaccharides, Using this approach, we have identified a monosialylated HPA lectin-binding oligosaccharide present in breast-cancer cells grown in vitro which is elevated in breast-cancer specimens that bind the lectin, (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

An antibody-lectin sandwich assay for quantifying protein glycoforms.

We describe an antibody-lectin sandwich assay for quantitation of glycoforms of proteins. The assay uses deglycosylated IgG antibody immobilized on a microtiter plate to capture the protein of interest from the sample. The particular glycoform is then identified by reaction with biotin-labeled lectin, which is measured using streptavidin/alkaline phosphatase. The assay can be adapted to quantitate any protein’s glycoforms by simply substituting the antibody and lectin with specific alternatives,

The determination of asialoglycoforms of serum glycoproteins by lectin blotting with Ricinus communis agglutinin

Serum proteins were fractionated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions and transferred to nitrocellulose membranes. The blotted polypeptides were probed with biotinylated Ricinus communis lectin (RCA120) followed by streptavidin/alkaline phosphatase. This procedure detected five asialoglycoproteins (a2-macroglobulin, transferrin, a1-antitrypsin, a1-antichymotrypsin and haptoglobin ß chain). The asialoform of the a1-trypsin inhibitor was found to be decreased in inflammation.

Burkholderia cenocepacia BC2L-C Is a Super Lectin with Dual Specificity and Proinflammatory Activity

Lectins and adhesins are involved in bacterial adhesion to host tissues and mucus during early steps of infection. We report the characterization of BC2L-C, a soluble lectin from the opportunistic pathogen Burkholderia cenocepacia, which has two distinct domains with unique specificities and biological activities. The N-terminal domain is a novel TNF-alpha-like fucose-binding lectin, while the C-terminal part is similar to a superfamily of calcium-dependent bacterial lectins. The C-terminal domain displays specificity for mannose and L-glycero-D-manno-heptose. BC2L-C is therefore a superlectin that binds independently to mannose/heptose glycoconjugates and fucosylated human histo-blood group epitopes. The apo form of the C-terminal domain crystallized as a dimer, and calcium and mannose could be docked in the binding site. The whole lectin is hexameric and the overall structure, determined by electron microscopy and small angle X-ray scattering, reveals a flexible arrangement of three mannose/heptose-specific dimers flanked by two fucose-specific TNF-alpha-like trimers. We propose that BC2L-C binds to the bacterial surface in a mannose/heptose-dependent manner via the C-terminal domain. The TNF-alpha-like domain triggers IL-8 production in cultured airway epithelial cells in a carbohydrate-independent manner, and is therefore proposed to play a role in the dysregulated proinflammatory response observed in B. cenocepacia lung infections. The unique architecture of this newly recognized superlectin correlates with multiple functions including bacterial cell cross-linking, adhesion to human epithelia, and stimulation of inflammation.

Cloning of cDNAs and molecular characterisation of C-type lectin-like proteins from snake venoms

C-type lectin-like proteins (CTLPs) isolated from snake venoms are the largest and most complex non-mammalian vertebrate C-type lectin-like domain family. In the present study, we simultaneously amplified four cDNAs encoding different types of CTLP subunits from the venoms of two different species of snakes by RT-PCR with a single sense primer and a nested universal primer - two CTLP subunit-encoding cDNAs were cloned from Deinagkistrodon acutus venom and two from Agkistrodon halys Pallas venom. All four cloned CTLP subunits exhibited typical motifs in their corresponding domain regions but with relatively-low sequence similarities to each other. Compared with previously-published CTLPs, the four cloned CTLPs subunits showed slight variations in the calcium-binding sites and the disulphide bonding patterns. To our knowledge, these data constitute the first example of co-expression of CTLP platelet glycoprotein Ib-binding subunits and coagulation factors in Agkistrodon halys Pallas venom.

Characterisation of ZG16p, a unique mammalian lectin from pancreatic zymogen granules

The mechanisms of secretory granule biogenesis and regulated secretion of digestive enzymes in pancreatic acinar cells are still not well understood. To shed light on these processes, which are of biological and clinical importance (e.g., pancreatitis), a better molecular understanding of the components of the granule membrane, their functions and interactions is required. The application of proteomics has largely contributed to the identification of novel zymogen granule (ZG) proteins but was not yet accompanied by a better characterization of their functions. In this study we aimed at a) isolation and identification of novel membrane-associated ZG proteins; b) characterization of the biochemical properties and function of the secretory lectin ZG16p, a membrane-associated protein; c) exploring the potential of ZG16p as a new tool to label the endolysosomal compartment. First, we have performed a suborganellar proteomics approach by combining protein analysis by 2D-PAGE and identification by mass spectrometry, which has led to the identification of novel peripheral ZGM proteins with proteoglycan-binding properties (e.g., chymase, PpiB). Then, we have unveiled new molecular properties and (multiple) functions of the secretory lectin ZG16p. ZG16p is a unique mammalian lectin with glycan and proteoglycan binding properties. Here, I revealed for the first time that ZG16p is highly protease resistant by developing an enterokinase-digestion assay. In addition I revealed that ZG16p binds to a high molecular weight complex at the ZGM (which is also protease resistant) and forms highly stable dimers. In light of these findings I suggest that ZG16p is a key component of a predicted submembranous granule matrix attached to the luminal side of the ZGM that fulfils important functions during sorting and packaging of zymogens. ZG16p, may act as a linker between the matrix and aggregated zymogens due to dimer formation. Furthermore, ZG16p protease resistance might be of higher importance after secretion since it is known that ZG16p binds to pathogenic fungi in the gut. I have further investigated the role of ZG16p binding motifs in its targeting to ZG in AR42J cells, a pancreatic model system. Point mutations of the glycan and the proteoglycan binding motifs did not inhibit the targeting of ZG16p to ZG in AR42J cells. I have also demonstrated that when ZG16p is present in the cytoplasm it interacts with and modulates the endo-lysosomal compartment. Since it is known that impaired autophagy due to lysosomal malfunction is involved in the course of pancreatitis, a potential role of ZG16p in pancreatitis is discussed.

Lotus 1-2-3 : manual de referencia

UANL

Flying Lotus - Cosmogramma

This image was found on creative commons. Some rights are reserved, the image is by Simon Vanherweghe. The original artwork is from Cosmogramma by Flying Lotus, a musician. This piece is of a particular importance to my project as I found the use of field lines very interesting, I am also in awe of this type of illustration and its a great album.