Digitization Projects Carried out by the Mathematical Institute Belgrade

In this paper some current digitization projects carried out by the Mathematical Institute of Serbian Academy of Science and Arts Belgrade and the Faculty of Mathematics Belgrade are described. The projects concern developing of a virtual library of retro-digitized books and an Internet data base and presentation of electronic editions of some leading Serbian journals in science and arts, and the work on the South-Eastern European Digitization Initiative (SEEDI).

Bulgarian Folk Songs in a Digital Library

The paper presents the main results of an ongoing project aimed at the development of technologies for digitization of Bulgarian folk music and building a heterogeneous digital library with Bulgarian folk songs presented with their music, notes and text. An initial digitization and preservation of the Bulgarian cultural heritage starts by means of digitization and insertion into the library of over 1000 songs that were recorded and written down during the 60s and 70s of XX century. Also we present a full text search engine in a collection of lyrics (text of songs) and coded notes (symbolic melody). Some perspectives for future projects are also discussed.

Student Independent Projects Environmental Studies 2011: Vending Machines and Sustainable Development on Grenfell Campus, Memorial University

This Paper discusses the food and beverage machines that are located at Memorial University's Grenfell Campus and endeavors to assess how much those vending machines are being used and how they affect sustainability initiatives on campus. A survey was conducted to gauge the use of vending machines, their content and what is purchased, and if participants did not purchase from thes machines they were also asked why they did not.This survey produced many other questions that are directly linked to vending machines.Water quality on campus was heavily disscussed, along with the use of bottled water and implications associated with drinking only from bottles that are thrown away. The study concludes with a discussion of the alternative choices that can be implemented to replace vending machines.

Independent Projects Environmental Studies 2010: From Climate Change Laggard to Leader: Policy recommedations for Newfoundland and Labrador

Dyer, along with many others reflecting international consensus in the scientific community, argues that countries must be carbon neutral by 2050 to avoid the worst impacts of climate change (Dyer, 2008, p. xii). to accomplish this by 2050, we need to act now: governments need to cooperate with the scientific community to ensure our society makes the changes to combat climate change. How is Canada reacting to this situation? As describes by the Sierra Club of Canada, "federal government continues to drag its feet, and delay any action to reduce emissions" (2008, p. 18). Given this federal reluctance, individual provinces must act to reduce emissions. While some provinces take a required action, primarily Quebec and British Columbia, others, like Newfoundland and Labrador, contribute little in terms of emissions reductions. Newfoundland and Labrador is ranked as "poor"-among the worst performers regarding climate change policy in the country-by the David Suzuki Foundation in a cross Canada evaluation of various provincial climate change policies (David Suzuki Foundation, 2008, p. 9). The Province of Newfoundland is not doing enough to address climate change. In this paper I argue that to improve this situation, the province could follow the example of the two leading jurisdictions, Quebec and British Columbia, to refine and introduce its own hybrid policy that directly affects decision making processes. But, this can be complicated when convincing the government that it is important to accept stronger policy. The government must consider what climate change impacts Newfoundland and Labrador experiences and willconinue to experience and what Newfoundland and Labrador is contributing to the problem of climate change. To evaluate these issues of climate change, I first survey the positive policies Newfoundland and Labrador is currently implementing/ discussing and then outline action taken by the provincial environment leaders, Quebec and British Columbia.Then I describe the strong pieces in the Quebec and British Columbia climate change action plan that Newfoundland and Labrador can emulate. Finally, I consider if thes polices are politically feasible for the government of Newfoundland and labrador. Hence, this paper aims to give a blueprint of what Newfoundland and Labrador has to act on to make itself an environmental leader.

Student Independent Projects Environmental Studies 2011: Creating Federal Policies to Support Environmental Education in Canada.

Environmental Education is an essential component of childhood education and can play a vital role in the development of positive environmental attitudes, community involvement and environmental awareness. One of the main challenges faced by Canadian educators is the lack of support and funding to fully engage and participate in Environmental Education programs that are locally available. To better understand the viewpoint and challenges of educators and Environmental Education programs, this paper includes an interview series with three Environmental Education leaders, followed by a discussion section on significant commonalities. Through the research of peer-reviewed literature, federal documents, and environmental networks, this research paper aims to interpret the development and challenges of K-12 environmental education in North America as well as to review the established programs, networks, and resources availble to Canadian educators.

Student Independent Projects Environmental Studies 2011: A Values Profile for a Healthy, Sustainable Corner Brook Community

We now live in a world where urbanization has become the norm. Approximately half the world now lives in cities(O'brien, 2008). In recent years for a province like Newfoundland and Labrador which has relied heavily on one industry, the fishery, this statistic holds a lot of meaning. For well over a century there has been a continuing movement from Newfoundland to other parts of Canada and the US. Between 1971 and 1998 alone, net out-migration amounted 20% of the provinces population. This exodus has become a significant part of Newfoundland culture (Bowering Delisle, 2008). Communities have declining populations because families can no longer afford to live in their communities. For places like Corner Brook though citizens do not feel the urge to move to bigger urban centers like St. John's or places on the mainland. The purpose of this paper is to outline values which maybe keeping Corner Brook residents from uprooting their families to move to bigger urban centers such as St. John's, in order to be able to support ther families, get experience in their fields or to just acquire a job like many other people around the province.

Student Independent Projects Environmental Studies 2011: The Humber River Basin Human Values Project: Designing a Sampling Strategy for a Pilot Survey in the Corner Brook Area

Sustainability can be indicated by a number of factors. Populations need to be aged evenly, ensuring a healthy equilibrium. Job opportunities must be numerous and of wide varieties to balance incomes from different employment sectors. Regions must also sustain vital natural resources in the area which are directly related to a place being self-sustaining. These indicators prove to be true, especially in Newfoundland, where people have struggled to remain in the small traditional communities that they consider being there 'home.' The population of Corner Brook and the surrounding areas can be stratified according to the values people hold to their special place. Even though people in western Newfoundland hold strong ties to their home, some parts of the region even though people in western Newfoundland hold strong ties to their home, some parts of the region struggle with employment, low incomes, out-migration, and dependency on declining natural resources. The aim of this paper is to present the process of designing a sample strategy for a human values pilot survey conducted in the city of Corner Brook. It will present a theoretical background over the period 2002-2006 to be used for sampling strategy.

Student Independent Projects Environmental Studies 2012: Creating Effective University Carbon Inventories: Best

Universities have a special capacity and responsibility to address climate change and this paper focuses on carbon inventories as an important tool for reducing emissions on university campuses. I first describe carbon inventories then analyze three universities that have already developed sustainability action and baseline inventories: Dalhousie University, Mount Allison University, and the University of Victoria. From the case studies, I identify and discuss six conditions important for the successful implementation of carbon inventories. Finally, the case study findings are applied to Grenfell Campus and a carbon inventory implementation plan is proposed for this institution. The paper draws on qualitative Methodologies (interviews and case studies) using the theoretical frame work of ecological economics and the concepts of externalities, sustainable development, and policy instruments.

Student Independent Projects 2012: Sustainable Resource Management

Everyday Millions of disposable plates, cups and utensils are used in fast food establishments, cafeterias, restaurants and homes worldwide. These single-use disable plates, cup and utensils, when of polystyrene or plastic, do not biodegrade and decompose like fruit, vegetables or meat; they only breakdown into smaller pieces on a physical level. This lack of decomposition means that these products persist and accumulate in landfills consuming the available space and contaminate the surrounding area. With an ever growing global population, the disposable waste generated annually is increasing and landfills worldwide are rapidly filling. Therefore, more landfills are needed sooner but they are expensive to create, they consume a large amount of usable space and can harm the environment. In order to reduce the dependence on landfills, the waste can be diverted through recycling programs, reducing human consumption and purchasing reusable and/or compostable materials. These methods of waste reduction would be implemented at the municipal level but it would be possible to change provincial and state legislation so that municipalities would be required to do so rather than of their own volition. If initiated worldwide than the amount of waste produced by humans would be greatly reduced and the dependence on landfills would decrease.

Independent Projects Environmental Studies 2001: Environmental Auditing Strategy for Sir Wilfred Grenfell College

Overconsumption has caused environmental degradation, while creating a dependence on convenience commodities. It is the disposal of solid waste which will prove problematic in the future with growing world populations requiring resources and the use of the land. Universities, as institutions of higher learning, have an opportunity to reduce their environmental impact through its daily operations. Adopting an environmental management system and creating an environmental policy is the means by which these institutions become sustainable campuses. Stewardship policies are developed for universities, such as Sir Wilfred Grenfell College by analyzing current consumptive practices of the students, Faculty, and staff at the institution, often by way of an environmental audit

Student Independent Projects 2009: Embedding Sustainability: Hiking Trail Proposal to Steady Brook via Massey Drive

The construction and maintenance of a hiking trail to Steady Brook via Massey Drive would provide an opportunity for introducing proactive strategies toward sustainability. This will form a motive for further ecotourism development as Massey Drive becomes recognized as a tourist destination. For Massey Drive to embrace hiking trail development with the intention of developing further tourism initiatives, educating the community members about sustainability in tourism is essential to provide the community with the knowledge necessary to develop tourism through a long-term vision.

Student Independent Projects Environmental Studies 2007: Redesigning the Corner Brook Waterfront

In recent decades, urban planning has seen a rise in waterfront revitalization. This is important concerning Corner Brook, where the possible permanent closure of the Mill would have devastating consequences for the surrounding area. Corner Brook is located on the West Coast of Newfoundland, Canada, and has a population of 20,083 (WWW.statcan.ca, 2007). Corner Brook Pulp and Paper Ltd. (CBP&P) dominates the local economy and is located on the city's waterfront. With the realization that the heart of any city is the waterfront, if there is one present, many cities started revitalization trend in order to bring life back to the community and restore the local economy (Robertson, 1999). In the past, waterfronts were dominated with industry, shipping, and the navy. Today, the focus has shifted to leisure, recreation, tourism, and residential and commercial activity. Along with economic factors, the visual aspect of the waterfront is also Important (Albrecht, Bode, & Evers, 2003; Hoffman, 1999). Although this trend started out larger cities, such as Toronto, it has now spread to smaller centers, similar to the size of Corner Brook (Hoyle, 2000). What differs between the various sizes of the cities is what the main focus of the waterfront will be following the revitalization. With the tourism economy making a strong foothold in Newfoundland, the waterfront would provide the possibility to extend it even further. Yet, the most important aspects of the new waterfront will be to ensure environmentally safe measures (Slocombe, 1993) and making sure that as many jobs as possible will be generated. The generation of new jobs is especially important considering the loss of the Mill, which has provided the city and surrounding area with paying employment.

Student independent Projects Environmental Studies 2007: An Environmental Levy for Disposable Cups in NL: A preliminary Investigation

Human ability to impact Planet Earth appears to know no bounds. Adherence to polices of managed resource extraction combined with unbridled consumption, have fostered a disposable culture contributing to mass production of garbage. Eco-taxation may provide the economic tools required to reduce the amount of waste generated. Keys to eco-tax success are vision, education, and flexibility. Success must be measured in societal gains, not simply in monetary terms. Public opinion is initially opposed to consumer charges. Education and viable personal options are crucial to overcome resistance. With one coffee shop dispensing over 800,000 disposable cups annually, an eco-tax is an attractive option to simultaneously raise revenue to waste management programs and reduce one sector of waste production.

Student Independent Projects Environmental Studies: Energizing the Future: Meeting Future Power Needs of Grenfell College

In this paper I pose the Questions: Is it feasible to install a large wind turbine(S) at Grenfell College as a pilot project, and what will the benefits of the installation be to Grenfell if the project goes ahead? My answers are based on a literature review, data analysis from previous experiments, and a SWOT analysis. I will conclude by recommending a course of action for Grenfell that will move it toward using more renewable energy, and becoming a local resource for alternative energy solutions.

The hybrid library: a view from the UK

This paper aims to provide an overview of digital library devcelopment in the UK, concentrating on the eLib (Electronic Libraries) programme. It also discusses the idea of the Hybrid Library and considers how it fits into current electronic library developments. The paper is divided into the following areas. First, it summarises the background to the eLib programme and discusses some of its preliminary findings. It then discusses the concept of the Hybrid Library, followed by a summary of the of the current eLib (phase 3) projects which include hybrid library development projects. Finally, it identifies a number of common themes between the different projects which are currently being investigated.