897 resultados para Laparoscopia Assistida
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Este estudo objetivou investigar as representações e as imagens de profissionais da educação e discentes sobre os adolescentes autores de ato infracional que se encontravam cumprindo medida socioeducativa de liberdade assistida, e sua relação com a escola, bem como as representações e imagens destes últimos sobre a instituição escolar. Para tanto, foram entrevistados alunos matriculados em escolas do município de Americana (SP) em 2007. Foram ouvidos também professores, colegas de classe, funcionários e gestores. Nas entrevistas com os adolescentes, procurou-se perceber os sentidos e os significados que a escola tem para eles e identificar suas representações e imagens sobre ela. Nos demais depoimentos, buscou-se compreender as concepções construídas a respeito daqueles alunos, como as instituições escolares têm atuado no sentido de incluí-los ou excluí-los nos processos formais de escolarização, e como essas representações e imagens se integram nas relações cotidianas e determinam formas de ação.
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Este estudo objetivou identificar a prevalência dos diferentes tipos de aleitamento e sua relação com variáveis maternas no município de Conchas-SP, totalmente coberto pelo PSF. Foram obtidas informações sobre a alimentação atual das crianças menores de um ano que compareceram à primeira etapa da Campanha de Multivacinação de 2003. As associações foram submetidas ao teste do qui-quadrado, adotando-se 5% como nível de significância estatística. As prevalências do Aleitamento Materno Exclusivo (AME) e do Aleitamento Materno Predominante (AMP), em menores de 4 meses de vida, foram 25,4 e 44,4%, respectivamente, e 66,7% do total de crianças menores de um ano ainda eram amamentadas. A prevalência do AME em menores de 6 meses foi heterogênea, variando de 7,4 a 41,2%, conforme a equipe do PSF de procedência das crianças. Ter passado por dificuldades no início do aleitamento associou-se a menores prevalências de AME e Aleitamento Materno (AM). Esses resultados evidenciam situação distante da recomendada pela Organização Mundial de Saúde e aquela para a qual há evidências de máximo efeito protetor à saúde infantil, reafirmam a necessidade de apoio às mães no período puerperal precoce e demonstram a importância de diagnósticos desagregados por regiões para o planejamento de ações de promoção ao AM.
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Background and Objectives - Gynecological laparoscopy causes high postoperative morbidity, mainly due to occurrences such as nausea and vomiting. They result from a great multiplicity of etiologies and drugs used in anesthesia may function as contributing factors. Both the emetic properties of nitrous oxide and the efficacy of metoclopramide as antiemetic agent are controversial. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of both drugs, when used alone or in combination. Methods - Eighty three physical status ASA I and II women were studied. They were premedicated with midazolam before induction of anesthesia with alfentanil and propofol. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane with or without nitrous oxide in oxygen. Muscle relaxation was achieved with atracurium. There were 4 groups of patients: GI: midazolam, alfentanil, propofol, atracurium, isoflurane/oxygen; GII: midazolam, alfentanil, propofol, atracurium, isoflurane/nitrous oxide/oxygen; GIII: metoclopramide, midazolam, alfentanil, propofol, atracurium, isoflurane/oxygen; GIV: metoclopramide, midazolam, alfentanil, propofol, atracurium, isoflurane/nitrous oxide/oxygen. The incidence of nausea and vomiting was assessed both in the recovery room (RR) and in the ward. Results - There were no significant differences as regards age, weight and height of the patients and duration of anesthesia and surgery. Nausea and vomiting were more frequent in patients who received N2O (GII, 50%; GIV, 33%), as compared to those who didn't receive this agent (GI and GII, 9.5% and 14.35%, respectively). Metoclopramide decreased the incidence of nausea and vomiting in the recovery room, in patients who didn't receive N2O (GII). These patients remained in the recovery room for 90 minutes. Conclusions - N2O increases the incidence of nausea and vomiting and metoclopramide is effective in reducing these complications only in the recovery room.
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Backgrounds and Objectives: Both continuous venous anesthesia with propofol and inhalational anesthesia with sevoflurane propitiate fast arousal with few side effects. The aim of this study was to compare the arousal and post anesthestic recovery times in patients submitted to these two agents. Methods: Forty three patient aged 18 to 50 years, physical status I or II, submitted to gynecological laparoscopy were distributed in two groups: G1 - propofol in continuous infusion of 115 μg.kg -1.min -1 and G2 sevoflurane. All the patients were pre-medicated with 7.5 mg midazolam, sufentanil 0.5 μg.kg -1, propofol 2 mg.kg -1, atracurium 0.5 mg.kg -1, N 2O in 50% of oxygen in a no-rebreathing system. The depth of the anesthesia and arousal time were assessed by the Bispectral index (BIS). The time between end of anesthesia and eye opening, time for command response and time for orientation were also evaluated. Results: The times recorded in minutes were: G1 - eye opening 8.2 ± 2.9, command response 8.6 ± 3.1, orientation 9.8 ± 3.4, recovery 31.6 ± 3.8; G2 - eye opening 4.5 ± 3, command response 4.9 ± 3.4, orientation 6.2 ± 3.4, recovery 66 ± 8. Except the recovery time, all the values were larger in G1. Conclusions: Both intravenous propofol or inhalational sevoflurane were considered excellent anesthetic techniques as to recovery time and recovery room discharge. Sevoflurane provided an earlier arousal with a longer recovery room stay as compared to propofol.
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PURPOSE: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of sonohysterography (HSN) and conventional transvaginal ultrasound (USG) in assessing the uterine cavity of infertile women candidate to assisted reproduction techniques (ART). METHODS: Comparative cross-sectional study with 120 infertile women candidate to ART, assisted at Centro de Reprodução Assistida (CRA) of Hospital Regional da Asa Sul (HRAS), Brasília-DF, from August 2009 to November 2010. Sonohysterography was performed with saline solution infusion in a close system. The sonohysterography finding was compared to previous USG results. The uterine cavity was considered abnormal whenthe endometrium was found to be thicker than expectedduring the menstrual cycle and whenan endometrial polyp, a submucous myoma and an abnormal shape of the uterine cavity were observed. The statistical analysis was doneusing absolute frequencies, percentage values and the χ 2, with the level of significance set at5%. RESULTS:HSN revealed that 92 (76.7%) infertile women candidate to ARThad anormal uterine cavity, while 28 (23.3%) had the following abnormalities: 15 polyps (12.5%).
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The agonists of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) were introduced in ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization to avoid a premature surge of luteinizing hormone. Although they are accompanied by some disadvantages, GnRH agonists have become well accepted in clinical practice, and their use is associated with increased rates of pregnancy. The development of GnRH antagonists capable of blocking the pituitary immediately offered a therapeutic option. Comparative studies between the two analogs have suggested that the use of antagonists is associated with a shorter duration of ovulatory stimulus and a decreased incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, while the type of GnRH analogues used show no significant effects on the rates of pregnancy and live birth. However, GnRH agonists have other applications in assisted reproductive technology cycles than the pituitary downregulation.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC
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Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Pós-graduação em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e Aprendizagem - FC