Casting a voice for rural struggles during apartheid : the case of AFRA

This paper explores the attempts to co-ordinate rural resistance and struggles in South Africa during apartheid through a case study of the Association for Rural Advancement (AFRA), a land NGO established in Natal in 1979. It was a small group but had a significant local and national impact. The paper addresses three key questions concerning the character and works of AFRA: (1) What was the character and strategy of AFRA in the politicised context of the late 1970s and 1980s? (2) Was there any historical continuity and discontinuity with early attempts by Natal liberals and African landowners to organise anti-removal campaigns in the 1950s? (3) How and to what extent could AFRA negotiate the increasing influence of the Inkatha and KwaZulu government over Natal rural communities? The paper aims to serve as a critical evaluation of AFRA's strategies and activities, and its relationship with rural communities up to 1990 when land movements became nationwide.

The development of private farms in Vietnam

The objective of this paper is to explore the entities that have developed private farms (trang trai) in Vietnam. Various types of private farms have emerged in the last ten years. It is noteworthy that the owners of private farms are not necessarily agricultural households but also include government officials and the urban rich. Based on data collected from the author’s field surveys in Vietnam from 2006 to 2011, the paper attempts to categorize patterns in the development of private farms and analyze their differences. The paper argues that private farms developed by agricultural households are still limited because of the difficulty of consolidating land.

Translation of Littleton's tenures

Contains an English translation of Littleton's Tenures ss. 1-444. Apparently owned later by an American who made several entries citing quotes from Benjamin Franklin and others.

Ahkam-i mer'iye

[katabahu al-faqīr Aḥmad ʻĀrif Ḥikmat ibn Ibrāhīm ʻIṣmat al-Ḥusaynī].

Kânûnnâme-yi cedide fî-mâ yete'allak bi'l-arâzî : manuscript, undated

New land regulations and various taxes records.

Külliyat-i şerh-ı kanun-i arazi

Halis Eşref.

Datos utilizables para la ley de tierras /

Signed: Casimiro Castro.

Ley de tierras y sus decretos reglamentarios.

At head of title: Ministerio de Agricultura.

Ley de tierras y su decretos reglamentario de fecha 10 de enero 1905.

At head of title: Ministerio de Agricultura.

Ley de tierras y su decreto reglamentario de fecha 10 de enero 1905.

At head of title: Ministerio de Agricultura.

Leyes y disposiciones vijentes sobre revisita de tierras de comenidad.

Mode of access: Internet.

Observations sur les domaines du roi, sur les vices de leur administration actuelle : & sur les moyens d'en tirer, au profit de l'État, le produit dont ils sont susceptibles.

Caption title: Observations sur le domaine du roi.

L'agriculture et les classes agricoles de la Bretagne,

"Extrait du Compte-rendu de l'Académie des sciences morales et politiques."