Effects of constant rate infusion of anesthetic or analgesic drugs on general anesthesia with isoflurane: A retrospective study in 200 dogs

Constant rate infusion (CRI) shows several advantages in balanced anesthesia, such as reduction of requirement for inhaled anesthetics and control of pain. The most commonly used drugs in these protocols are local anesthetics, dissociative, and opioids, which may be administered alone or in combinations. We evaluated the records of 200 dogs that underwent various surgical procedures with anesthetic or analgesic CRI in the perioperative period during 2011 and 2012 at the Veterinary Hospital of Franca University (Unifran), and identified possible complications during the transoperative period. Records evaluated included clinical state, laboratory tests, drugs used in premedication and induction, and CRI protocol. Acepromazine and morphine were the main drugs used in premedication. Propofol was used to induce anesthesia alone or in combination with other agents. We evaluated records of the 25 different CRI protocols. Fentanyl was the main drug employed in CRI, either alone or in combination. There were 128 episodes of anesthetic complications during CRI;the most common were hypotension, hypertension, and tachycardia, which occurred in 43 (32%), 35 (26.3%), and 19 (14.2%) dogs, respectively. Cardiac arrhythmia was reported in only 4 dogs. Signs of respiratory depression were present in dogs treated with 6 different CRI protocols. The consumption of isoflurane (vol %) reduced between 15.7% and 21.05% after 30minutes of the CRI in the fentanyl and fentanyl-lidocaine-ketamine CRI groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, CRI is a valid component of balanced anesthesia in dogs, safe, and has a low incidence of adverse effects. However, future studies are warranted to describe the results of the clinical use of CRI to better characterize and refine this technique.

Perioperative evaluation of tumescent anaesthesia technique in bitches submitted to unilateral mastectomy

Background: Tumescent anaesthesia (TA) is a widely used technique in oncologic surgeries necessitating large resection margins. This technique produces transoperative and postoperative analgesia, reduces surgical bleeding, and facilitates tissue divulsion. This prospective, randomised, blind study evaluated the use of TA in bitches submitted to mastectomy and compared the effect of TA with an intravenous fentanyl bolus. A 2.5-mcg/kg intravenous fentanyl bolus (n = 10) was compared with TA using 0.275% lidocaine (n = 10) in bitches submitted to unilateral mastectomy. Sedation was performed by intramuscular (IM) injection of 0.05 mg/kg of acepromazine combined with 2 mg/kg of meperidine. Anaesthesia was induced with 5 mg/kg of intravenous propofol and maintained with isoflurane/O2. Heart and respiratory rates; systolic, mean, and diastolic arterial blood pressures; central venous pressure; SpO2; ETCO2; inspired and expired isoflurane concentrations; and temperature were measured transoperatively. Visual analogue scales for sedation and pain and the Glasgow composite and Melbourne pain scales were used for postoperative assessment. The surgeon investigated the quality of the surgical approach, considering bleeding and resection ability, and the incidence of postoperative wound complications.Results: The heart rate was lower and the end-tidal isoflurane concentration was higher in dogs treated with fentanyl than in dogs treated with TA. A fentanyl bolus was administered to 8 of 10 dogs treated with fentanyl and to none treated with TA. Intraoperative bleeding and the mammary gland excision time were lower in dogs treated with TA. The maximal mean and individual plasma lidocaine concentrations were 1426 ± 502 ng/ml and 2443 ng/ml at 90 minutes after infiltration, respectively. The Glasgow Composite Pain Scale scores were higher in dogs treated with fentanyl than in dogs treated with TA until 2 hours after extubation.Conclusions: Compared with intravenous fentanyl, TA in bitches: may be easily performed in non-inflamed, ulcerated, adhered mammary tumours; has an isoflurane-sparing effect; improves transoperative and immediate postoperative analgesia; is apparently safe for use in clinical conditions as evidenced by the fact that it did not produce any adverse signs or lidocaine plasma concentrations compatible with toxicity; does not modify the recovery time; and facilitates the surgical procedure without interfering with wound healing. © 2013 Credie et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Determinação da taxa de infusão mínima de propofol e propofol associado a lidocaína em cães (Cannis familaris)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Uso da lidocaína isolada ou associada à quetamina ou ao butorfanol, em anestesia epidural em cães: avaliação cardiorrespiratória e analgésica

Pós-graduação em Anestesiologia - FMB

Avaliação clínica da pasta de metronidazol a 10% e lidocaína a 2% no tratamento da alveolite

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOA

Avaliação de duas doses de lidocaína, administradas à altura da primeira vértebra lombar sobre a analgesia trans-cirúrgica e parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios em cadelas submetidas à ovariohisterectomia

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Infusão contínua de morfina ou fentanil, associados à licodaína e cetamina, em cães anestesiados com isofluorano

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Ovariossalpingohisterectomia em cutias: técnicas anestésica e cirúrgica, análise morfológica uterina e microbiológica da vagina e do útero (Dasyprocta azarae, Lichtenstein, 1823)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Injeção peridural de lidocaína associada à xilazina ou detomidina na prevenção da dor pós-incisional em éguas

Pós-graduação em Cirurgia Veterinária - FCAV

Efeitos da infusão contínua de lidocaína em bezerros anestesiados pelo isofluorano: Marcelo Augusto de Araújo. -

Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

Avaliação da anestesia paravertebral cervical no bloqueio anestésico local do membro torácico em cães

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Anestesia por tumescência com lidocaína ou ropivacaína em diferentes concentrações em cadelas submetidas à mastectomia

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação prospectiva das características das diversas técnicas de anestesia do plexo branquial em hospital terciário de ensino

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Comparação do uso do tubo traqueal com balonete preenchido com ar, solução fisiológica ou lidocaína alcalinizada a 1% e a 0,5% em pacientes pediátricos

Pós-graduação em Anestesiologia - FMB

Aspectos clínico-laboratorias e inflamatórios da injeção intraperitoneal de lipopolissacarídeo (LPS) em equinos: efeitos da lidocaína

Pós-graduação em Cirurgia Veterinária - FCAV