Unterstützende Lernbedingungen als soziales Kapital beim Übergang in die Sekundarstufe II am Beispiel der Jacob-Grimm-Schule Kassel: Ergebnisse einer Fragebogenerhebung

Als von der sozioökonomischen Herkunft unabhängige, in bestimmten Beziehungsstrukturen verankerte Ressource kann soziales Kapital nach Coleman gerade in der Institution Schule zur Kompensation familiär bedingter Benachteiligungen von Schülern herangezogen werden. Vor diesem Hintergrund wirkt schulisches Sozialkapital vor allem in unterstützenden Lernbedingungen, wie sie etwa durch soziale Einbindung, das Lehrer-Schüler-Verhältnis oder Partizipationsmöglichkeiten innerhalb der jeweiligen Schulstruktur abgebildet werden. So stellt die vorliegende Untersuchung die Rolle des schulischen Sozialkapitals am Übergang in die Sekundarstufe II, hier am Beispiel der gymnasialen Oberstufe, in den Fokus. Ausgehend von der Überlegung, dass gerade mit dem Wechsel in die Einführungsphase für Schüler, zumal vor dem Hintergrund der sich gegenwärtig vollziehenden Veränderungen im Hinblick auf die Gestaltung der Oberstufe, besondere Anforderungen einhergehen, rücken jene Investitionen in schulische Strukturen in den Vordergrund, die Schülern vor allem das Lernen, aber auch die erfolgreiche Bewältigung der Statuspassage an sich erleichtern sollen. Gerade die Dimension der vertrauensbasierten Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehung als unterstützender Lernbedingung im Sinne des schulischen Sozialkapitals soll in der vorliegenden Arbeit genauer theoretisch beleuchtet und mittels einer Hypothesenüberprüfung auf ihre angenommene Wirkung auf die von Schülern erlebte Lernatmosphäre hin untersucht werden. Dies geschieht anhand der Auswertung einer evaluativen Fragebogenerhebung, die an der Jacob-Grimm-Schule Kassel durchgeführt werden konnte. Ob der Feststellung, dass besagter Übergang in die Sekundarstufe II in der deutschen Schul- und Bildungsforschung bislang im Hinblick auf die Schülerperspektive noch nicht hinreichend als eigenständiger Forschungsgegenstand gewürdigt wird, wird anhand ausgewählter offener Items zudem untersucht, wie sich der Übergang in die Sekundarstufe II aus Schülersicht darstellt. So dient der Aufbau der Arbeit in ihrem theoretischen Teil der gezielten Hinführung zur empirischen Untersuchung und leistet hier am Beispiel der Jacob-Grimm-Schule Kassel vor allem auch die Übertragung verschiedener theoretischer Ansätze zum Sozialkapital in den Kontext der gymnasialen Oberstufe.

Scriptural Archeology: Excavating the Presence of Women in the Torah

Women's roles in religious history have been traditionally described in terms of their relation and value to men. The normative religious texts provide an androcentric perspective on the gender relationships within the early community, the growth of Judaism in "Jacob's House" and the monotheistic worship of God. Yet these literary representations omit an entire half of the experience of the Jewish community: the perspective and participation of women. As Judith Plaskow argues extensively in Standing Again at Sinai, women are defined not in her own terms or in her own voice, but by her relationship and value to men through the androcentric vocabulary of the Torah. This statement is textually illustrated by the authorial and editorial presentation of women and their place in ancient Israelite society in the Torah. As Judaism grew increasingly androcentric in its leadership, women were increasingly reduced to marginal figures in the community by authorial and editorial revisions. Yet the participation of women of ancient Israel is not lost. Instead, the presence of women is buried beneath the androcentric presentation of the early Judaic community, waiting to be excavated by historical and scriptural examination. The retelling of the past is influenced by the present; memory is not static but takes on different shapes depending on the focus of concentration. However, tradition greatly influences the interpretation of religious history as well. In the book of Genesis, the literature emphasizes the divine appointment of male figures such as Abraham the father of the covenant and Jacob who is renamed and claimed by God as "Israel," placing them at the center of Jewish history. As a result, the other figures in these biblical narratives are described in relation to the patriarchs, those male bearers of the covenant, by their service or their value to him. Women are at the bottom of this hierarchy. Although female figures of exceptional quality are noted in later chronicles, such as Ruth, Deborah and Miriam, it is the very nature of their exception that highlights the androcentric editorial focus of the Torah. I agree with Peggy Day, whose own scriptural examination in Gender and Difference in Ancient Israel, makes the important distinction between the literary representation and the reality of ancient Israelite culture: they are not coextensive nor equivalent. Although the text represents the culture of ancient Israel as male dominated from the time of Abraham, this presentation omits the perspective of half of the population-the women. By beginning at the point of realization that women did exist and were active in their culture, and placing aside the androcentric perspective of the text and its editors, the reality of women's place in ancient Israel may be determined. Through this new perspective, the women of the Torah will emerge as the archetypes of strength, leadership and spiritual insight to provide Jewish women of the present with female, ancestral role models and a foundation for their gender's heritage, a more complete understanding of the partial record of Jewish history recorded in the Torah. Those stories that appear as the exception of women's presence will unveil an exceptional presence. As Tamar Frankiel eloquently states in The Voice of Sarah, "the women we call our 'Mothers'-Sarah, Rivkah (Rebekah), Rachel, and Leah-are not merely mothers, any more than the 'Fathers'-Abraham, Isaac and Jacob-are merely fathers "(Frankiel 5).

O processo de transcrição da Suíte 20 de Johann Jacob Froberger para violão solo

Este trabalho trata do processo de transcrição da Suíte 20 de J. J Froberger para violão solo. O objetivo geral é descrever o processo de transcrição com base em modelos de transcrição dos séculos XVII e XXI. A partir destas análises foi construído um referencial teórico para aplicação na transcrição da Suíte 20. A identificação dos elementos típicos do chamado stile brisé a partir do referencial foi essencial para o processo de transcrição da suíte 20, que se utilizou de vários procedimentos similares. No anexo deste artigo consta uma edição comparativa da versão original da Suíte 20 com a transcrição, bem como outra edição com a parte do violão solo e sugestões de execução.

Solving the conundrum of Job: a probable biblical description of chronic renal failure with neurological symptoms

A doença descrita no livro bíblico de Jó é controversa, e tem interessado a teólogos, psiquiatras e dermatologistas, há tempos. Neste trabalho os autores apontam para evidências do diagnóstico de insuficiência renal crônica com alterações neurológicas.

Deslizar nas ruas, entre Mário de Andrade e Max Jacob

This essay intends to point to a possible dialogue between Mário de Andrade and Max Jacob, starting from the books of poems Paulicéia desvairada (1922) and O losango cáqui (1926), Le cornet à dés (1916) and Le laboratoire central (1921). Divided into three parts, it investigates the figuration in the two poets of the harlequin’s image, through which both would operate several displacements. One of them, the resumption of a romantic mythology of the artist, as in Baudelaire, and the conscience of his staging character. Other, through the opposition between reason and madness, legitimating a lyrical state as a way to a different perception of the reality. Lastly, through the proposition of an artistic sincerity, moral of work with deep impact over the literary language.