Effect of olive oil on early and late events of colon carcinogenesis in rats: modulation of arachidonic acid metabolism and local prostaglandin E2 synthesis.

BACKGROUND Animal model studies have shown that the colon tumour promoting effect of dietary fat depends not only on the amount but on its fatty acid composition. With respect to this, the effect of n9 fatty acids, present in olive oil, on colon carcinogenesis has been scarcely investigated. AIMS To assess the effect of an n9 fat diet on precancer events, carcinoma development, and changes in mucosal fatty acid composition and prostaglandin (PG)E2 formation in male Sprague-Dawley rats with azoxymethane induced colon cancer. METHODS Rats were divided into three groups to receive isocaloric diets (5% of the energy as fat) rich in n9, n3, or n6 fat, and were administered azoxymethane subcutaneously once a week for 11 weeks at a dose rate of 7.4 mg/kg body weight. Vehicle treated groups received an equal volume of normal saline. Groups of animals were colectomised at weeks 12 and 19 after the first dose of azoxymethane or saline. Mucosal fatty acids were assessed at 12 and 19 weeks. Aberrant crypt foci and the in vivo intracolonic release of PGE2 were assessed at week 12, and tumour formation at week 19. RESULTS Rats on the n6 diet were found to have colonic aberrant crypt foci and adenocarcinomas more often than those consuming either the n9 or n3 diet. There were no differences between the rats on the n9 and n3 diets. On the other hand, administration of both n9 and n3 diets was associated with a decrease in mucosal arachidonate concentrations as compared with the n6 diet. Carcinogen treatment induced an appreciable increase in PGE2 formation in rats fed the n6 diet, but not in those fed the n3 and n9 diets. CONCLUSIONS Dietary olive oil prevented the development of aberrant crypt foci and colon carcinomas in rats, suggesting that olive oil may have chemopreventive activity against colon carcinogenesis. These effects may be partly due to modulation of arachidonic acid metabolism and local PGE2synthesis.

Corniol dels Ports

AQUILEGIA PAUI FONT QUER IN TREB. MUS. CI NAT. BARCELONA SER. BOT. Nº3, 198 (1920) - Tàxon sobre el qual el BioC ha començat a treballar recentment i que forma part dels objectius del projecte de recerca CGL2007¿60475. Part de les informacions incorporades són encara inèdites o en curs de tractament.

Corniol dels Ports

AQUILEGIA PAUI FONT QUER IN TREB. MUS. CI NAT. BARCELONA SER. BOT. Nº3, 198 (1920) - Tàxon sobre el qual el BioC ha començat a treballar recentment i que forma part dels objectius del projecte de recerca CGL2007¿60475. Part de les informacions incorporades són encara inèdites o en curs de tractament.

Place des apports oraux en acides gras oméga-3 dans la mucoviscidose [Relevance of omega-3 fatty acid oral supplementation in cystic fibrosis]

Chronic inflammation and fatty acid deficiency, in particular in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6-n3), occurring in cystic fibrosis patients, are two convincing arguments urging the use of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) omega-3 in this population. PUFA omega-3 oral dietary intake position in the cystic fibrosis treatment is however not clear despite many years of clinical research. This review article sets out the reasons that conduct nutritionists to try this approach and reviews the results published until nowadays.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy followed by surgery in selected patients with stage IIIB non-small-cell lung cancer: a multicentre phase II trial.

BACKGROUND: Stage IIIB non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is usually thought to be unresectable, and is managed with chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy. However, selected patients might benefit from surgical resection after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The aim of this multicentre, phase II trial was to assess the efficacy and toxicity of a neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy followed by surgery in patients with technically operable stage IIIB NSCLC. METHODS: Between September, 2001, and May, 2006, patients with pathologically proven and technically resectable stage IIIB NSCLC were sequentially treated with three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (cisplatin with docetaxel), immediately followed by accelerated concomitant boost radiotherapy (44 Gy in 22 fractions) and definitive surgery. The primary endpoint was event-free survival at 12 months. Efficacy analyses were done by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00030810. FINDINGS: 46 patients were enrolled, with a median age of 60 years (range 28-70). 13 (28%) patients had N3 disease, 36 (78%) had T4 disease. All patients received chemotherapy; 35 (76%) patients received radiotherapy. The main toxicities during chemotherapy were neutropenia (25 patients [54%] at grade 3 or 4) and febrile neutropenia (nine [20%]); the main toxicity after radiotherapy was oesophagitis (ten patients [29%]; nine grade 2, one grade 3). 35 patients (76%) underwent surgery, with pneumonectomy in 17 patients. A complete (R0) resection was achieved in 27 patients. Peri-operative complications occurred in 14 patients, including two deaths (30-day mortality 5.7%). Seven patients required a second surgical intervention. Pathological mediastinal downstaging was seen in 11 of the 28 patients who had lymph-node involvement at enrolment, a complete pathological response was seen in six patients. Event-free survival at 12 months was 54% (95% CI 39-67). After a median follow-up of 58 months, the median overall survival was 29 months (95% CI 16.1-NA), with survival at 1, 3, and 5 years of 67% (95% CI 52-79), 47% (32-61), and 40% (24-55). INTERPRETATION: A treatment strategy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy followed by surgery is feasible in selected patients. Toxicity is considerable, but manageable. Survival compares favourably with historical results of combined treatment for less advanced stage IIIA disease. FUNDING: Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK) and an unrestricted educational grant by Sanofi-Aventis (Switzerland).

The role of Cysteine 6.47 in class A GPCRs

Abstract Background: The CWxP motif of transmembrane helix 6 (x: any residue) is highly conserved in class A GPCRs. Within this motif, W6.48 is a big star in the theory of the global “toggle switch” because of its key role in the activation mechanism of GPCRs upon ligand binding. With all footlights focused on W6.48, the reason why the preceding residue, C6.47, is largely conserved is still unknown. The present study is aimed to fill up this lack of knowledge by characterizing the role of C6.47 of the CWxP motif. Results: A complete analysis of available crystal structures has been made alongside with molecular dynamics simulations of model peptides to explore a possible structural role for C6.47. Conclusions: We conclude that C6.47 does not modulate the conformation of the TM6 proline kink and propose that C6.47 participates in the rearrangement of the TM6 and TM7 interface accompanying activation.

Níveis de água, nitrogênio e potássio por gotejamento subsuperficial em cana-de-açúcar

O objetivo deste trabalho foi definir os níveis ótimos de irrigação, nitrogênio e potássio em cana-de-açúcar, cultivar RB867515, aplicados por gotejamento subsuperficial, em ciclo de primeira soca, para máxima produção de colmos, açúcar e álcool. O experimento foi realizado em Plintossolo do Município de União, no Estado do Piauí, durante o ano agrícola 2008/2009. Os tratamentos consistiram de: níveis de irrigação mais precipitação (W1, 767,5; W2, 898,5; W3, 971,0; W4, 1.053,0; e W5, 1.154,0 mm) e níveis de adubação nitrogenada e potássica (N1, 44,0; N2, 78,0; N3, 111,0; N4, 144,0; N5, 178,0; K1, 44,0; K2, 67,0; K3, 89,0; K4, 111,0; e K5, 133,0 kg ha-1). Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com duas repetições, em arranjo fatorial fracionário 1/5 de 5x5x5 (W x N x K). Aprodutividade máxima de colmos (207,4 Mg ha-1) é alcançada com a aplicação de 1.154,0 mm de água, associada a 114,2 kg ha-1 de N e 60,1 kg ha-1 de K2O.A máxima produtividade de açúcar(25,3 Mgha-1) e deálcool (20,0 m³ ha-1) éobtida com 1.154,0 mm, associada à aplicaçãodos níveis de90,0 kg ha-1 de N e de 60,0 kg ha-1 de K2O.

Espaces et sociétés : revue critique internationale de l'aménagement, de l'architecture et de l'urbanisation / dir. publ. Serge Jonas

1971/07 (N3).

Médecine tropicale

1987/07 (N3,VOL47)-1987/09.

Médecine tropicale

1981/05 (VOL41,N3)-1981/06.

Médecine tropicale

1978/05 (VOL38,N3)-1978/06.

Médecine tropicale

1985/07 (N3,VOL45)-1985/09.