Om Assyriens historie og sproget i de assyriske indskrifter fra den ældste tid og ned til Tiglatpileser I. (ca. 1100 f. Kr.)

Thesis--Copenhagen.

La grande épopée de l'an II [i.e. deux] Souvenirs, rapprochements, rectifications et faits inédits relatifs aux batailles de Wattignies, de Fleurus, et aux passages de la Sambre en 1793 et 1794. Jugements nouveaux sur les faits et les hommes qui sauvèrent alors la France et la Révolution.

Mode of access: Internet.

Coroníca del muy efforcado y ínuencíble cauallero el Cid ruy diaz, campeador delas Españas. [Aqui fenesce el breue tratado delos nobles fechos y batallas que el buen cauallero Cid ruy diaz vencio / con fauor y ayuda d'nuestro señor. El qual se acabo a. ij. dias del mes de julio : por Miguel de Eguia : enla muy noble y leal ciudad de Toledo. Enel año de nuestro redemptor y Saluador jesu Christo de mil y quinientos y veynte y seys años].

Mode of access: Internet.

The angling excursions of Gregory Greendrake, esq. [pseud., i.e. J. Coad] in the counties of Wicklow, Meath, Westmeath, Longford, and Cayan, with additions, by Geoffrey Greydrake, esq. [pseud., i.e. Thomas Ellingsale] dedicated to "all honest brothers of the angle".

Mode of access: Internet.

A voice from Rome, answered by an American citizen; or, A review of the encyclical letter of Pope Gregory XVI, A.D. 1832, The bishop's oath, and the pope's curse upon heretics, schismatics, and all infringers upon ecclesiastical liberties, as contained in the bulla In cœna Domini, pronounced annually on Maundy Thursday.

Mode of access: Internet.

Pope's The Iliad of Homer: books I, VI, XXII, and XXIV.

Mode of access: Internet.

Calendário e bibliotéca pozitivistas : seguidos respetivamente de um índice onomástico e de um índice bibliográfico.

Tr. of: Calendrier positiviste and Bibliothèque positiviste.

On becoming pope in late antiquity

To an extent unusual among holders of papal office in late antiquity, we know something of the family of Gregory the Great (590-604). His father, Gordianus, was a wealthy Roman who had married a lady named Silvia, who herself had a sister named Pateria, while he had another three aunts, Aemiliana, Gordiana, and Tarsilla, the sisters of his father.(1) He also seems to have had one, and possibly a second brother.(2) We know from his writings that his three aunts on his father's side adopted a religious life in common, but they attained very different levels, for Gregory reports that, whereas Gordiana disgraced herself by marrying a farmer on her estates, Tarsilla reached the highest level of holiness. He describes his great-great-grandfather Felix, a bishop of the Roman church, appearing to her in a vision in which he showed her a mansion of great brightness and told her to come, for he would receive her there; soon afterwards, she died of fever.(3) While such details may appear sparse, they provide a basis on which we can make some general statements on the kinds of people who became pope in the period from the late fifth to the early seventh centuries; a table of these popes is appended to this paper. We shall suggest that there was a set of criteria which were met by new popes time and time again, and that these remained surprisingly constant across the period.

Global compilation of benthic data sets I

Approaches to quantify the organic carbon accumulation on a global scale generally do not consider the small-scale variability of sedimentary and oceanographic boundary conditions along continental margins. In this study, we present a new approach to regionalize the total organic carbon (TOC) content in surface sediments (<5 cm sediment depth). It is based on a compilation of more than 5500 single measurements from various sources. Global TOC distribution was determined by the application of a combined qualitative and quantitative-geostatistical method. Overall, 33 benthic TOC-based provinces were defined and used to process the global distribution pattern of the TOC content in surface sediments in a 1°x1° grid resolution. Regional dependencies of data points within each single province are expressed by modeled semi-variograms. Measured and estimated TOC values show good correlation, emphasizing the reasonable applicability of the method. The accumulation of organic carbon in marine surface sediments is a key parameter in the control of mineralization processes and the material exchange between the sediment and the ocean water. Our approach will help to improve global budgets of nutrient and carbon cycles.

Ca��ość i τέλος pamięci Kościoła

wydane też w języku niemieckim:Gesamtheit und τέλος der Erinnerung der Kirche, in: Perspektiven einer Theologie nach Auschwitz, Dialog an der Schwelle von Auschwitz, Band 2, Ed. Manfred Deselaers, Kraków – Oświęcim, UNUM, Centrum für Dialog und Gebet 2011, s. 145-164.

I Malvezzi della Ca' Grande: genesi, sviluppo e dispersione di una quadreria bolognese del Settecento

La ricerca ricostruisce e analizza la storia della raccolta d’arte appartenuta al ramo senatorio della famiglia Malvezzi della Ca��� Grande all’interno del variegato panorama collezionistico bolognese settecentesco. La volontà di indagarne lo sviluppo è motivata sia dalla sua esemplarità che dal suo carattere eccezionale. Fondata da Piriteo III (1658-1728) con l’acquisto e la commissione di una cinquantina di dipinti, sia di artisti contemporanei sia di maestri antichi, a cui si aggiungono le opere ereditate dagli antenati, la raccolta fu accresciuta nell’arco di sole tre generazioni. Il principale artefice dell’ampliamento del patrimonio pittorico del casato fu il figlio Sigismondo III (1703-1787), tramite il quale confluì nella quadreria anche l’importante collezione del marchese Paolo Magnani, suo zio materno. Compiendo scelte collezionistiche originali rispetto a quelle d’ordine marcatamente municipalistico, Sigismondo raccolse per la galleria della Ca��� Grande numerose opere di artisti stranieri, glorificati e ricercati in campo europeo, ma estranei di norma al gusto petroniano dell’epoca. Al marchese spetta, inoltre, l’acquisizione del celebre nucleo di opere tre-quattrocentesche, che andò a formare la Camera degli Antichi. Secondo principi illuministici, questi mirava a possedere una sorta di ideale museo privato, ove fosse possibile ammirare il progresso dell’arte petroniana dalle origini sino alla modernità e istituire paragoni fra le più importanti scuole pittoriche. Anche l’erede Piriteo IV (1734-1806) continuò ad ampliare la collezione, compiendo acquisti più limitati, ma non per questo meno significativi. Alla sua morte si estinse la linea maschile del ramo senatorio, per cui la prestigiosa quadreria fu divisa tra le figlie Maria (1780-1865) e Teresa (1782-1811). La raccolta Malvezzi non ebbe la fortuna di confluire entro collezioni durature, cosicché in cinquant’anni quella che fu una delle più importanti gallerie della Bologna settecentesca è stata irrimediabilmente dispersa.

Chemical similarities between Galactic bulge and local thick disk red giants: O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, and Ti

Context. The formation and evolution of the Galactic bulge and its relationship with the other Galactic populations is still poorly understood. Aims. To establish the chemical differences and similarities between the bulge and other stellar populations, we performed an elemental abundance analysis of alpha- (O, Mg, Si, Ca, and Ti) and Z-odd (Na and Al) elements of red giant stars in the bulge as well as of local thin disk, thick disk and halo giants. Methods. We use high-resolution optical spectra of 25 bulge giants in Baade's window and 55 comparison giants (4 halo, 29 thin disk and 22 thick disk giants) in the solar neighborhood. All stars have similar stellar parameters but cover a broad range in metallicity (-1.5 < [Fe/H] < +0.5). A standard 1D local thermodynamic equilibrium analysis using both Kurucz and MARCS models yielded the abundances of O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti and Fe. Our homogeneous and differential analysis of the Galactic stellar populations ensured that systematic errors were minimized. Results. We confirm the well-established differences for [alpha/Fe] at a given metallicity between the local thin and thick disks. For all the elements investigated, we find no chemical distinction between the bulge and the local thick disk, in agreement with our previous study of C, N and O but in contrast to other groups relying on literature values for nearby disk dwarf stars. For -1.5 < [Fe/H] < -0.3 exactly the same trend is followed by both the bulge and thick disk stars, with a star-to-star scatter of only 0.03 dex. Furthermore, both populations share the location of the knee in the [alpha/Fe] vs. [Fe/H] diagram. It still remains to be confirmed that the local thick disk extends to super-solar metallicities as is the case for the bulge. These are the most stringent constraints to date on the chemical similarity of these stellar populations. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that the bulge and local thick disk stars experienced similar formation timescales, star formation rates and initial mass functions, confirming thus the main outcomes of our previous homogeneous analysis of [O/Fe] from infrared spectra for nearly the same sample. The identical a-enhancements of thick disk and bulge stars may reflect a rapid chemical evolution taking place before the bulge and thick disk structures we see today were formed, or it may reflect Galactic orbital migration of inner disk/bulge stars resulting in stars in the solar neighborhood with thick-disk kinematics.

Intracellular Ca(2+) Regulation During Neuronal Differentiation of Murine Embryonal Carcinoma and Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Changes in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) play a central role in neuronal differentiation. However, Ca(2+) signaling in this process remains poorly understood and it is unknown whether embryonic and adult stem cells share the same signaling pathways. To clarify this issue, neuronal differentiation was analyzed in two cell lines: embryonic P19 carcinoma stem cells (CSCs) and adult murine bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). We studied Ca(2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum via intracellular ryanodine-sensitive (RyR) and IP(3)-sensitive (IP(3)R) receptors. We observed that caffeine, a RyR agonist, induced a [Ca(2+)](i) response that increased throughout neuronal differentiation. We also demonstrated a functional coupling between RyRs and L-but not with N-, P-, or Q-type Ca(v)1 Ca(2+) channels, both in embryonal CSC and adult MSC. We also found that agonists of L-type channels and of RyRs increase neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation, while antagonists of these channels have the opposite effect. Thus, our data demonstrate that in both cell lines RyRs control internal Ca(2+) release following voltage-dependent Ca(2+) entry via L-type Ca(2+) channels. This study shows that both in embryonal CSC and adult MSC [Ca(2+)](i) is controlled by a common pathway, indicating that coupling of L-type Ca(2+) channels and RyRs may be a conserved mechanism necessary for neuronal differentiation.