Desenvolvimento territorial e a política nacional de água em Moçambique: o caso do distrito de Chibuto

The development has been a phenomenon in constant discussion today, whose fundamental importance should be to promote the welfare of humanity. Thus, the development becomes an element that adds political, economic, social and environmental values . In Mozambique the development model adopted by the State prioritizes the economic dimension, in this case favoring the growth of capitalist structure production. Thus , the basic conditions for human survival still leaves much to be desired and the Mozambican population in general and the district of Chibuto , in particular , continue to face several difficulties to have access to such conditions, and the lack of potable water is a that most of the problems afflicting this population . The water was always a factor related to the socio-economic development of the population, where great civilizations and major economic marks were always influenced by water availability, and today this feature is present in all sectors of production. In Mozambique, much effort has been made by the government, national and international organizations to enhance and guarantee the supply of potable and drinking water, and despite all this effort, most of the population does not have access to this precious resource. In this sense, this work presents an analysis of the effects of the National Water Policy in the study area, analyzes the shortage of potable water in the district of Chibuto, discusses the design and development contained in the official discourse of the state and, opposes the idea of human development. For such issues that help to understand the phenomenon under study, such as territory, public policy and criticism of hegemonic conception of development are addressed. To make the desired approach, we performed a characterization of the District of Chibuto, addressing the issue of poverty, with a brief discussion of this concept, from different approaches, and analyze the impact of the PARPA (Action Plan for the Reduction of Absolute Poverty) in fighting poverty in Mozambique, and became a description of the scenario of poverty and vulnerability in Chibuto district with the construction of Territorial Human Development Index. Research also brings up a discussion about territory and technicization which describes the senary of the water supply system in the District and territorial dynamics of Chibuto, from the analysis and description of existing structures and other technical objects that structure the territory under study. Thus, it was found that the development should be summarized in the satisfaction of human needs, and should be the cornerstone of the new type of development that is intended for the purpose of triggering urgently actions to overcome or combat bleak misery suffered by the majority of inhabitants of the District of Chibuto

O programa Literatura em Minha Casa enquanto política pública: avaliando a formação de famílias leitoras

Pós-graduação em Educação - FCT

The Incidence of Dysphagia in Patients Receiving Cerebral Reperfusion Therapy Poststroke

Background: The high prevalence of dysphagia after stroke leads to increased mortality, and cerebral reperfusion therapy has been effective in reducing neurologic deficits. The aim of this study was to investigate the severity and evolution of dysphagia and the occurrence of pneumonia in patients submitted to cerebral reperfusion therapy. Methods: Seventy ischemic stroke patients were evaluated. Of these, 35 patients (group 1) were submitted to cerebral reperfusion therapy and 35 (group 2) did not receive thrombolytic treatment. The following were evaluated: severity of dysphagia by means of videofluoroscopy, evolution of oral intake rate by means of the Functional Oral Intake Scale, and the occurrence of pneumonia by international protocol. The relation between the severity of dysphagia and the occurrence of pneumonia with the treatment was evaluated through the chi-square test; the daily oral intake rate and its relation to the treatment were assessed by the Mann-Whitney test and considered significant if P is less than .05. Results: The moderate and severe degrees of dysphagia were more frequent (P = .013) among the patients who were not submitted to cerebral reperfusion therapy. The daily oral intake evolved independently of the treatment type, without statistical significance when compared between the groups, whereas pneumonia occurred more frequently in group 2 (28%) in relation to group 1 (11%) and was associated with the worst degrees of dysphagia (P = .045). Conclusions: We can conclude that there is improvement in the oral intake rate in both groups, with lower severity of dysphagia and occurrence of pneumonia in ischemic stroke patients submitted to cerebral reperfusion therapy. (C) 2014 by National Stroke Association

Embryonic and larval development of haliotis tuberculata coccinea reeve: an indexed micro-photographic sequence

[EN] First description of the complete embryo and larval development of the Canarian abalone (Haliotis tuberculata coccinea Reeve.) was conducted along 39 stages from fertilization to the appearance of the third tubule on the cephalic tentacles and illustrated in a microphotographic sequence. Eggs obtained by induced spawning with hydrogen peroxide from the GIA captive broodstock were stocked at a density of 10 eggs/mL and kept at 23 0.5 BC for 62 h until the formation of the third tubule. Live eggs and larvae were continuously observed on a 24 h basis at a 3400 magnification under transmitted light. At each stages, specific morphological features, illustrated by microscopic photographs, were described, as well as the time required for their apparition. Fertilized eggs diameter was 205 8 mm (mean SD), whereas length and width of larvae ready to undergo metamorphosis were 216.6 5.3 mmand 172 8.8 mm, respectively. Knowledge on the larval morphological development acquired through this study will contribute to the improvement of larval rearing techniques for this abalone species.

Does depth and sedimentation interact with sea urchings to affect algal assemblage patterns on eastern atlantic reefs?

[EN]A range of factors may affect the composition and abundance of macroalgae on subtidal rocky reefs. We experimentally determined the interactive effect of the occurrence of the long-spine sea urchin, Diadema antillarum, depth and sedimentation levels on macroalgal assemblage structure on eastern Atlantic rocky reefs. Specifically, we manipulated sea urchin densities (removal of all individuals vs. untouched controls at natural densities) on rocky reefs devoid of erect vegetation, and predicted (1) that removal of sea urchins would differently affect macroalgal assemblage structure between deep (16-18 m) and shallow (8-9 m) reef strata, and that (2) the effect of sea urchin removal on macroalgae would be altered under different scenarios of sedimentation (ambient vs. enhanced). Experimental circular plots (2 m in diameter) were set up at 3 locations at Gran Canaria (Canarian Archipelago), and were maintained and monitored every 4 wk for 1 y. At the end of the experimental period, the structure of the algal assemblages differed between urchin treatments and depth strata, with a larger cover of turf and bushlike algae where urchins were removed and at the shallow reef stratum. More important, differences in algal assemblage structure between urchin treatments were irrespective of sedimentation levels, but shifted from the shallow to the deep stratum. This interactive effect was, in turn, observed for bushlike algae, as a result of a larger magnitude of response (i.e., larger cover) in the shallow stratum relative to the deep stratum, but was not detected for either turf or crustose coralline algae. These results highlight the importance of sorne physical conditions (here, differences in depth) to interact with biotic processes (here, urchin abundance) to create patterns in the organization of subtidal and benthic assemblages

Strategie di Social Media Marketing delle società sportive professionistiche: un indice di esposizione applicato ai teams NBA.

L’obiettivo di questo studio è analizzare in che misura e con quali modalità le società di un mercato ricco ed importante come quello della National Basketball Association stiano sfruttando i canali messi a disposizione dal Web 2.0 e dai cosiddetti nuovi media. Il progetto si propone quindi di rispondere ai seguenti tre quesiti di ricerca:
 1 Quali sono gli strumenti attualmente a disposizione delle società NBA per promuovere il loro “prodotto” relativamente all’utilizzo delle tecnologie del Web 2.0 e dei Social Media?
 2 Quali vantaggi e quali cambiamenti hanno portato queste nuove tecnologie nella comunicazione e nelle relazioni tra impresa sportiva ed i suoi fan?
 3 E' possibile individuare un indice di esposizione su Web e Social Media applicato ai teams NBA in grado di fornire una stima di quanto e come una società stia usando questi mezzi? Il progetto inizia con un’analisi dello stato dell’arte, partendo dal settore più generale del marketing e del management dello sport, passando per l’utilizzo dei Social Media nel settore sportivo fino a focalizzarsi sugli studi specifici relativi al mondo NBA. Successivamente lo studio segue tre fasi: una prima introduttiva dove sono descritti i principali mezzi disponibili per le società in termini di Social Media Marketing e gli effetti benefici che questi possono avere; una seconda fase in cui viene definito l’indice nei suoi diversi parametri, ed infine un’ultima fase in cui vengono raccolti i dati relativi ad un campione di squadre NBA ed analizzati per elaborare i risultati ottenuti. L’elaborazione dei risultati porta poi ad individuare trend comuni, punti di forza e debolezza ed eventuali migliorie future per le strategie delle società NBA.

Editorial: Family Preservation: Collaboration and Teamwork

Tis the season of the National Basketball Association finals and the beginning of the Professional Women's Basketball Association. The skills of collaboration and teamwork required to achieve the ballet of basketball is learned by players over a number of years. On school grounds everywhere, children are learning the techniques and skills necessary to play the game of basketball. Recently, I saw a coach on the sidelines screaming at a young player to make her free-throws, and if she missed, she would have to run laps. This reminded me of traditional services to families which threaten, or at best demand a certain level of performance of parents without providing any true "coaching". I often watch our college coach work from a strengths perspective with the team on minute techniques such as the match-up defense and in-bounds plays. This is the approach that family preservation must employ with families, programs, and their communities.

Evolución del mercado de trabajo y de la estructura del empleo en la Provincia de Buenos Aires desde la convertibilidad (1991-2009)

El artículo aborda la evolución del mercado de trabajo y de la estructura del empleo en la provincia de Buenos Aires durante el período 1991-2009. El análisis recurre a la articulación de una multiplicidad de fuentes de información para dar cuenta de los diferentes aspectos de los fenómenos laborales. A partir de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares, se analizan los indicadores básicos de los mercados de trabajo urbanos en los principales aglomerados de la provincia y se lleva a cabo una caracterización de sus respectivas estructuras de empleo, considerando dimensiones tales como la categoría ocupacional, la composición público-privado, la condición de registro del empleo (registrado y no registrado) y el sector de actividad. Por otra parte, a nivel del total provincial, se analiza la evolución el empleo privado registrado y su composición sectorial. Para este tipo de análisis se utilizan datos procedentes de los registros administrativos que surgen de las declaraciones juradas de personal en relación de dependencia que realizan mensualmente los contribuyentes ante la AFIP. Estos datos permiten tratamientos muy desagregados de la información, de suma importancia para el análisis sectorial detallado. También a nivel del total provincial, se caracteriza al empleo público en sus distintos niveles de gobierno (nacional, provincial y municipal) a partir de fuentes presupuestarias y de otras, menos difundidas, elaboradas por distintos organismos públicos. El artículo ofrece análisis descriptivos de las variables mencionadas y un pormenorizado detalle metodológico respecto de las fuentes y el tratamiento de la información.

Evolución del mercado de trabajo y de la estructura del empleo en la Provincia de Buenos Aires desde la convertibilidad (1991-2009)

El artículo aborda la evolución del mercado de trabajo y de la estructura del empleo en la provincia de Buenos Aires durante el período 1991-2009. El análisis recurre a la articulación de una multiplicidad de fuentes de información para dar cuenta de los diferentes aspectos de los fenómenos laborales. A partir de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares, se analizan los indicadores básicos de los mercados de trabajo urbanos en los principales aglomerados de la provincia y se lleva a cabo una caracterización de sus respectivas estructuras de empleo, considerando dimensiones tales como la categoría ocupacional, la composición público-privado, la condición de registro del empleo (registrado y no registrado) y el sector de actividad. Por otra parte, a nivel del total provincial, se analiza la evolución el empleo privado registrado y su composición sectorial. Para este tipo de análisis se utilizan datos procedentes de los registros administrativos que surgen de las declaraciones juradas de personal en relación de dependencia que realizan mensualmente los contribuyentes ante la AFIP. Estos datos permiten tratamientos muy desagregados de la información, de suma importancia para el análisis sectorial detallado. También a nivel del total provincial, se caracteriza al empleo público en sus distintos niveles de gobierno (nacional, provincial y municipal) a partir de fuentes presupuestarias y de otras, menos difundidas, elaboradas por distintos organismos públicos. El artículo ofrece análisis descriptivos de las variables mencionadas y un pormenorizado detalle metodológico respecto de las fuentes y el tratamiento de la información.

Evolución del mercado de trabajo y de la estructura del empleo en la Provincia de Buenos Aires desde la convertibilidad (1991-2009)

El artículo aborda la evolución del mercado de trabajo y de la estructura del empleo en la provincia de Buenos Aires durante el período 1991-2009. El análisis recurre a la articulación de una multiplicidad de fuentes de información para dar cuenta de los diferentes aspectos de los fenómenos laborales. A partir de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares, se analizan los indicadores básicos de los mercados de trabajo urbanos en los principales aglomerados de la provincia y se lleva a cabo una caracterización de sus respectivas estructuras de empleo, considerando dimensiones tales como la categoría ocupacional, la composición público-privado, la condición de registro del empleo (registrado y no registrado) y el sector de actividad. Por otra parte, a nivel del total provincial, se analiza la evolución el empleo privado registrado y su composición sectorial. Para este tipo de análisis se utilizan datos procedentes de los registros administrativos que surgen de las declaraciones juradas de personal en relación de dependencia que realizan mensualmente los contribuyentes ante la AFIP. Estos datos permiten tratamientos muy desagregados de la información, de suma importancia para el análisis sectorial detallado. También a nivel del total provincial, se caracteriza al empleo público en sus distintos niveles de gobierno (nacional, provincial y municipal) a partir de fuentes presupuestarias y de otras, menos difundidas, elaboradas por distintos organismos públicos. El artículo ofrece análisis descriptivos de las variables mencionadas y un pormenorizado detalle metodológico respecto de las fuentes y el tratamiento de la información.

Validação de uma estrutura de análise ofensiva no basquetebol baseada no sequenciamento de dinâmicas de criação de espaço

A inferência de estratégias ofensivas em esportes coletivos pode ser realizada a partir da análise dos padrões de jogo observados durante a disputa. Para que isso ocorra, há a necessidade da formalização de classes de comportamentos específicos para a modalidade de forma a discriminar perfis de jogo com base na identificação das ações mais recorrentes. No basquetebol as ações são encadeadas ao longo da posse de bola, sendo que os diferentes tipos de sequências de ações contêm características que os diferenciam e podem influenciar diretamente no desfecho do ataque. Nesse trabalho foi apresentada uma proposta contendo diferentes possibilidades de sequenciamento de dinâmicas ofensivas baseadas em um modelo teórico descrito na literatura. Os procedimentos de validação do sequenciamento de dinâmicas ofensivas e os testes de reprodutibilidade e objetividade realizados junto a técnicos de basquetebol apresentaram valores elevados demonstrando a consistência dos critérios para a elaboração de 27 tipos de concatenações dependentes (Qui-quadrado >0,78). Além disso, a estrutura desenvolvida foi concluída através da aplicação do constructo a jogos de basquetebol da liga profissional Americana (NBA) (28 partidas, dentre as quais 10 partidas do confronto entre Spurs x Thunder, 10 partidas referentes ao confronto entre Heat e Pacers e 8 partidas da disputa envolvendo Heat e Spurs, sendo analisados ambos os ataques em cada confronto, válidos pela temporada regular e na fase de playoffs). Os resultados gerados a partir da análise foram apresentados através de árvores de decisão e grafos de modo a facilitar a visualização dos comportamentos identificados. A árvore de decisão apresentou as ações na sequência exata em que ocorreram nas posses de bola, enquanto os grafos mostraram os encadeamentos mais recorrentes entre duas dinâmicas ofensivas. Assim ambas as técnicas se mostraram complementares e auxiliaram na observação e análise dos perfis de jogo de cada equipe e na realização de inferências acerca de sua estratégia ofensiva. A formalização dos tipos de sequenciamento de ações ofensivas pode auxiliar treinadores e profissionais do basquetebol no desenho de estratégias, análise dos padrões de suas equipes e adversários e estruturação de sessões de treinamento que considerem os comportamentos ofensivos de modo dinâmico e contextualizado dentro de um encadeamento lógico de ações de jogo

Culture Industries in a Postindustrial Age: Entertainment, Leisure, Creativity, Design

This article reviews the evolution of the concept of culture industries, when neither industry nor culture themselves are today what they were at the time when the term was coined. It attempts to explain the dilution of the term into more nebulous terms (“leisure industries,” “entertainment industries” or “creative industries”) and suggests new challenges for the research on culture industries. What is at stake is no longer an application of a Fordist production to culture, a one-directional mass communication and a mediation by experts, but rather: (1) a cultural experience which is no longer clearly separated from other activities (leisure in general, consumption and even work); (2) the communicative explosion of all industrial production in a media environment, where industrialized symbolic products are mixed with culturalized industrial products; and (3) the empowerment of the recipient, which on one hand ignores the traditional experts and on the other leads to post-productive (recreational and even creative) cultural practices.

When “Where” is More Important Than “When”: Birthplace and Birthdate Effects On The Achievement Of Sporting Expertise

In this study, we assessed whether contextual factors related to where or when an athlete is born influence their likelihood of playing professional sport. The birthplace and birth month of all American players in the National Hockey League, National Basketball Association, Major League Baseball, and Professional Golfer's Association, and all Canadian players in the National Hockey League were collected from official websites. Monte Carlo simulations were used to verify if the birthplace of these professional athletes deviated in any systematic way from the official census population distribution, and chi-square analyses were conducted to determine whether the players' birth months were evenly distributed throughout the year. Results showed a birthplace bias towards smaller cities, with professional athletes being over-represented in cities of less than 500,000 and under-represented in cities of 500,000 and over. A birth month/relative age effect (in the form of a distinct bias towards elite athletes being relatively older than their peers) was found for hockey and baseball but not for basketball and golf. Comparative analyses suggested that contextual factors associated with place of birth contribute more influentially to the achievement of an elite level of sport performance than does relative age and that these factors are essentially independent in their influences on expertise development.