Política e gestão ambiental em áreas protegidas em São Luís – Maranhão: o parque ecológico da Lagoa da Jansen

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Sustentabilidade e gestão ambiental no município de Moju/PA: desafios para a produção do biodiesel

O conceito de desenvolvimento sustentável e sua operacionalização emergem como uma necessidade de pensar em novas formas de mensurar o crescimento, daí o surgimento dos “Indicadores de Sustentabilidade”, criados para medir a sustentabilidade de um sistema, baseado em índices de diversas variáveis que apontam para a sustentabilidade ou não de uma região. Na Amazônia e no Estado do Pará, pouco se tem aplicado ferramentas de análise de sustentabilidade em suas mais diversas dimensões. Recentemente nesta região, foram criados os “Pólos de Produção do Biodiesel” através da Política Nacional de Produção do Biodiesel – PNPB e neste sentido, destaca-se o Município de Moju, no Pará, como um dos maiores produtores de dendê. Apesar da enorme expansão de cultivo de dendezeiro neste município, há dúvidas sobre a capacidade de Moju de receber uma política pública como essa, que se configura em novas territorialidades e novas dinâmicas sociais, econômicas e ambientais e trazem imensos desafios, que requerem uma capacidade de gestão ambiental forte. Dessa forma, o estudo dedica-se a analisar o nível de sustentabilidade do município de Moju e a capacidade de gestão ambiental deste município. Foram realizadas entrevistas e busca de dados secundários e para a análise de sustentabilidade usou-se como ferramenta de avaliação o Barômetro da Sustentabilidade. Observou-se que este município tende a baixa sustentabilidade com poucos avanços socioeconômicos e ambientais, o que denota a fragilidade do município nas questões socioambientais. Em geral, o município possui habilitação para exercer a gestão ambiental plena, ou seja, apresenta uma estrutura administrativa considerada desejável, porém sua estrutura operacional ainda é deficitária ou ineficaz, o que trará certamente problemas para a condução do PNPB.

Perspectivas da co-geração com resíduos sólidos municipais sob a ótica da gestão ambiental

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Práticas de gestão ambiental das indústrias coureiras de Franca-SP

The leather footwear industry is an important sector in the Brazilian economy. The tannery industry accounted for $ 2.05 billion to exports in 2011, which represents a contribution of 6.86% to the Brazilian balance of trade. However, it is a highly polluting industry generating highly toxic and hazardous waste. Therefore, it is extremely important to search for environmental management actions that allow a cleaner production and waste recycling to prevent its discharge into the environment resulting in the deterioration of nature and quality of human life. Thus, based on a literature review and exploratory research, this study consisted of an analysis of some environmental management actions adopted by the leather industry in Franca - SP verifying if the industries have certifications or follow standards that characterize a responsible environmental management. This study is justified by the fact that tanneries and footwear industries produce highly hazardous waste, and therefore environmental actions are necessary to treat the waste effectively in order to minimize its environmental impacts. The literature review and empirical research conducted demonstrated the development of new techniques and technologies aiming at mitigating the impacts of leather waste in the environment. These actions are crucial for companies to remain competitive and focused on sustainability in this rapidly growing market.

Análise do apoio dos sistemas de informação para as práticas de gestão ambiental em empresas com ISO 14001 - estudo de múltiplos casos

The purpose of this article is to identify the contributions of Information Systems (IS) for environmental management practices, as well as the opportunities and challenges in this relation. Thus, we performed two case studies with Brazilian enterprises certified ISO 14001, by conducting interviews, document analysis and direct observation. As results, we present the identification of the main contributions of information systems for environmental management practices in the studied cases, the verification that a more advanced stage regarding IS is a factor that implies a more effective contribution, besides finding challenges and opportunities in this relation. The main contribution of this research consists of the presentation of a framework that identifies the support of information systems for environmental practices.

Identificação das potenciais barreiras e motivações para gestão ambiental em instituições de ensino superior

Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Produção - FEB

Sistema de gestão ambiental: subsídios para a implantação em uma estação de tratamento de esgoto a partir da análise crítica de estudos ambientais prévios

The process of environmental impact assessment (EIA), in the extent of previous environmental studies, has as one of its functions to provide subsidies to the actions of environmental managment of enterprises. However, the proper estructuring of programs that allows to support this managment does not often occurs. This research sought as one of its objectives to evaluate in which extent the process of EIA can be a subsidie for the EMS, providing basic elements of this system. In addition, more specifically, the research had as one of its objetives the development of subsidies for the implantation of an Environmental Managment System (EMS), based on the model of ISO 14001 (2004), for a sewage treatment plant yet to be constructed in the city of President Venceslau / SP. In order to achieve theses objetives, a discussion was held based on the evaluation of environmental studies available in the library of Cetesb / SMA. Still, for the elaboration of subsidies for the EMS of the treatment plant, the research was focused on the structuring of environmental management program, based on the information contained in its Preliminary Environmental Report (PER). The research had as one of its products, the development of subsidies for the planning and control of the environmental aspects and impacts and for the environmental program of the enterprise, based on the use of environmental indicators. It was concluded, based on the results that, in general, the previous environmental studies analyzed showed little emphasis on the phase of development of structured environmental programs that offer guidelines to achieve the desired results for the environmental performance of the company.

Análise multitemporal de indicadores geoambientais como subsídio ao plano de gestão ambiental - Floresta Nacional de Ipanema - SP

The objective of this research was to conduct an analysis of multitemporal landscape Ipanema National Forest, located in the municipalities of Iperó, Capela do Alto and Araçoiaba da Serra – São Paulo estate, Brazil, considering the scenarios of 1965, 2007 and 2011. The multitemporal analysis, using aerial photographs and satellite images, contributed to the contextualization and spatialization of the evolution of the landscape area. Through analysis interpretation of the images, performed by means of supervised classification were obtained thematic maps of the area, equivalent to approximately 53 km2. Through geoprocessing techniques, especially Geographic Information Systems, it was possible the integration and manipulation of data, both spatial and statistical, allowing integrated analysis of data from the entire area of the National Forest of Ipanema. As the main result, we found that the Ipanema National Forest is in landscape evolution positive, with those 46 years examined the increase of native heavy foliage areas. Increasing from 7.1 km2 of the total area of dense vegetation in 1965 to 35.9 km2 in 2011. Overall, it was possible to realize a scenario landscape quite optimistic about the evolution of forest conservation area

Diagnóstico e proposição de subsídios para a elaboração de plano de gestão ambiental: estudo de caso de um abatedouro avícola

In view of the current environmental concerns and legal requirements, this work aims to achieve a diagnosis and offer subsidies for development of an environmental management plan in an industry. The industry considered to be a subject of study of this research is the aviculture, considered its great importance in Brazil and to present a significant environmental impact. The unit of analysis is a chicken slaughterhouse, located in Rio Claro, SP. The developed methodology for identification and analysis of environmental significative aspects were based in the concepts of environmental impact and in the ABNT NBR ISO 14.001:2004. From the analysis of selected aspects, this research proposed several environmental indicators for the company and identified points of environmental improvement. The results of this study provide methods for identifying its environmental aspects and development of its environmental management plan to chicken slaughterhouse and also to other companies.

Estudo da viabilidade de uma gestão ambiental de pilhas no campus da Unesp de Rio Claro

When exhausted, the batteries are classified as hazardous waste because it has potentially toxic heavy metals and bio-accumulators, such as mercury, cadmium and lead in their internal composition functional. Due to the high level of danger, such waste should be properly designed to not allow theses chemical components to cause significant impacts on the environment. Thus, the recycling of waste in question is the best destination. In this context, was wanted to know, through a questionnaire in interview format, how the graduates of the Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho of Rio Claro / SP are involved with this environmental issue. Since then, has been developed and implemented an environmental management for internal batteries

Proposta de sistemática operacional para implantação de sistemas de gestão ambiental em empreendimentos industriais

The implantation of environmental management systens (SGA) in companies is the first step to the company conquers the environmental certification and consequently the benefits of a sustainable production of products, services and activities can bring. However, in the way as they are proposals in bibliographies the implantation of the SGAs, does not identify the definition of the operational stages of implementation of the same ones, generating doubts on the real environmental and administrative performance that they can come to generate for the organization. In this direction, the present research brings a proposal of operational systematics for implantation of SGA in companies, detailing each stage of implantation, considering its particularitities. For in such a way, a revision of norm NBR ISO 14001:2004 was made, looking for to identify to the interpretation imperfections gifts in the normative system. Moreover, other methods of SGA implantation had been searched gifts in the bibliography, searching proposals that detailed the operational aspects of the implantation of the system. In the same way, the accomplishment of a period of training supervised in the first semester of 2007 made possible the practical experience of the functioning of a system of environmental management, beyond the contact with professionals of the area and the acquisition of documents that had helped in the development of the research. The result was the attainment of a detailed procedure more, defining the operational systematic of SGA implantation, beyond the generation of a flowchart, describing as to develop each stage. This detailing certainly will facilitate the implantation of a SGA in companies interested in improving its environmental performance.

Análise das possibilidades de integração entre programas ambientais de usinas hidrelétricas e sistemas de gestão ambiental

A avaliação de impacto ambiental tem sido muitas vezes, vista apenas como um procedimento burocrático para a obtenção da licença ambiental, desconsiderando os estudos realizados, após a aquisição da licença e contratando outros serviços para orientar a adoção de um sistema de gestão objetivando boas práticas ambientais. Porém sabe-se que a estrutura geral das metodologias de avaliação de impacto ambiental apresenta muitos pontos semelhantes se comparada à identificação dos aspectos e impactos ambientais de um sistema de gestão ambiental, o que indica uma interface entre os dois instrumentos apesar da execução integrada ainda não ser um procedimento comum na gestão ambiental de empreendimentos. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho objetivou analisar as possibilidades do emprego de um sistema de gestão ambiental preconizado pela ISQ 14001 para o gerenciamento de programas ambientais decorrentes de processos de avaliação de impacto ambiental e de licenciamento ambiental de usinas hidrelétricas, através do foco específico naqueles progrmas relacionados diretamente com o monitoramento e o controle da qualidade e da qualidade da água do reservatório, que é um fator essencial para a função de produção de um empreendimento hidrelétrico. Para esta análise, utilizou-se o caso da usina hidrelétrica de Santo Antônio, identificando 9 programas ambientais decorrentes de processos de avaliação de impacto ambiental com grandes possibilidades de serem utilizados na estruturação de sistemas de gestão ambiental de usinas hidrelétricas e cuja adequada execução, corrobora com a integração entre os respectivos instrumentos além de corresponder à necessidade de compatibilização dos instrumentos de política ambiental na busca de um desenvolvimento com adequada proteção ambiental e de uma atuação mais consciente das organizações

Avaliação do desempenho ambiental da produção canavieira com colheita mecanizada: contribuição à implantação de um sistema simplificado de gestão ambiental da propriedade

The consuming of the natural resources in the agricultural sector does not represent only one external factor of the productive process, but also it implies in a bigger cost for the production, justified for this environmental degradation. In view of the necessity of evaluating the sustainment of the agricultural businesses, the use of performance indicators if makes of extreme importance. The measurement of the support through environmentalindicators is one of the most accepted forms of performing the evaluation of one given agricultural activity. In this context, the Base System for Eco-certification of Agricultural Businesses (Eco-cert Rural) developed by the Embrapa Environment at Jaguariúna/SP, has for purpose to present a method of evaluation of the agricultural businesses, not only of the point of view of the ecological performance, as well as considering the social, economic and organizational aspects. Through the analysis of the performance of the activity and the regularization of the disconformities found, it makes possible the eco-certification of the activities in the varied existing protocols, offering technologies designed to the sustainable development of the agricultural businesses. Using Eco-cert.Rural, this work evaluated the contribution of the use of mechanized harvest in sugar cane handling, front to the traditional system of manual harvest, using the fire. In the Sugar Cane Activity General Performance Index, Agrícola Rio Claro scored 2,08 of a maximum of 15. Amongst all the indicators, those wich reached performance worse had been related to the Use of Energy and the Income, by increasing fossil fuel consumptiom, and implying income concentration due to resignations of rural workers. However, the improvements on the environment quality by supressing manual harvest through fire are very significant. Beyond the great reduction in...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Gestão ambiental na produção avícola: estudo de caso

The present study addresses the application of the Environmental Management System in chicken production on a farm owned by the Nardo brothers, located in the city of Guapiaçu/SP (Brazil). The objectives were to analyze the process of solid waste generation, destination and forms of treatment in this activity; propose measures to reduce the use of potable water for non-potable ends; determine other measures identified through a questionnaire drafted by Embrapa (Brazilian Agriculture Research Cooperative) and administered to employees who have direct involvement in the productive process; pay visits to chicken production enterprises; and employ the guidelines proposed by the National Fowl-Breeding Sanitation Program that guide the application of the Environmental Management System. Adequate management of waste was put into effect through the construction of a compost shed capable of meeting current production demands, in which all procedures were accompanied – from civil construction to the commercialization process of the organic fertilizer generated. The rain-gathering system for the roofs of the pens proposed to reduce the consumption of potable ground water destined for washing the floors of the pens was completely dimensioned and budgeted, allowing the motivated owners to place the project into effect in a timely fashion. Other simpler but no less important proposals were also made in order to bring the production up to the required quality standards.

Gestão ambiental no contexto municipal: o projeto “município verdeazul” em Magda-São Paulo

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo una presentación de políticas públicas ambientales, teniendo como foco el Proyecto “Municipio VerdeAzul” (PMVA), lanzado por la Secretaria de Medio Ambiente del Estado de São Paulo en 2007, que tiene como característica la descentralización y comparte la gestión ambiental con los municipios. De esta manera, como estudio de caso fue realizado un análisis del desarrollo y de los resultados del municipio de Magda-São Paulo en la aplicación de ese proyecto en el año 2010. Para eso, se utilizó una metodología basada, inicialmente en la revisión bibliográfica sobre los temas envueltos, seguida del levantamiento de datos oficiales colectados en trabajo de campo y en sitios de órganos públicos, bien como entrevistas con dirigentes municipales para la realización del análisis e interpretación de esos dados. La investigación permitió concluir que el municipio de Magda obtuvo buenos resultados a partir de la participación en el PMVA, que se presenta como una política pública ambiental estratégica, avanzando en la perspectiva de actuación del poder municipal en la gestión del medioambiente