Boas práticas de fabricação (bpf), análise de tomate e água em restaurantes da cidade de Botucatu-SP

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Avaliação dos perigos microbiológicos em uma indústria de beneficiamento de pescados e sugestão de um sistema de gestão de qualidade

Entre os produtos de origem animal os peixes são um dos mais susceptíveis à deterioração e podem representar risco para a saúde, se estiverem contaminados por micro-organismos patogênicos. Desta forma, as indústrias de pescado precisam ter cuidados especiais durante todas as etapas do processamento. Este estudo avaliou os perigos microbiológicos na linha de beneficiamento e produtos em uma indústria de pescado e propõe a sua adequação aos pré-requisitos necessários para a implantação do sistema de Análise de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle (APPCC). Foram realizadas análises microbiológicas e físico-químicas em 144 amostras (filés e postas) de peixes congelados de diferentes espécies coletadas diretamente na indústria; foram também submetidas a análises microbiológicas 12 amostras de gelo, 24 amostras de água e 340 amostras de superfícies (equipamentos, utensílios e luvas de manipuladores). As Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF) foram avaliadas por meio de uma lista de verificação aplicada durante cinco vistorias na indústria. Foram realizados treinamentos e avaliadas as temperaturas de matérias-primas e de produtos semi-elaborados. Foi então proposto um plano APPCC para a linha de processamento de filé de peixe congelado. Entre os patógenos avaliados somente Estafilococos coagulase positiva foi detectado em 2,7% das amostras de peixes, resultado que está dentro do limite estabelecido na legislação brasileira. entretanto valores acima do estabelecido na legislação nacional para pl-! e B VT foram detectados em 18,1% e em 3,5% das amostras, respectivamente. Nas amostras de gelo e água não foram detectadas a presença de coliformes a 35°C e a 45°C. Do total de amostras de equipamentos e utensílios analisadas, 50% e 81,82% estavam dentro da recomendação estabelecida pela OPAS, de 1,7 log UFC/cm2 para mesófilos aeróbios e ausência de coliformes a 45°C, no primeiro e segundo período de coleta, respectivamente. As luvas, no primeiro período de coleta apresentaram contagem acima de 4 log UFC/luva de mesófilos aeróbios em 76,67% das amostras e no segundo período em apenas 21,67%. a avaliação das BPF nas duas primeiras vistorias a indústria foi classificada como de Risco Alto, por ter apresentado percentual de conformidades abaixo de 50%, e como de Risco Médio nas vistorias subsequentes, por ter atendido de 51 a 75% dos itens preconizados na lista de verificação. Com os resultados obtidos foi possível constatar que as BPF não estão totalmente implantadas na indústria analisada, detectando-se diversas não conformidades. A elaboração do plano APPCC seguiu as etapas: formação da equipe, descrição do produto, elaboração do fluxograma de produção, análise dos perigos, identificação dos Pontos Críticos de Controle (PCCs), estabelecimento de limites críticos e ações corretivas, e procedimentos de monitoração, registros e de verificação. A implementação do plano APPCC proposto é aplicável e pode contribuir, significativamente, para a elaboração de produtos de pescado com melhor qualidade e segurança alimentar.

Caracterização higiênico-sanitária de restaurantes comerciais do município de Botucatu-São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Interaction of Organophosphorus Pesticides with DNA Nucleotides on a Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

L-Carnitine supplementation impairs endothelium-dependent relaxation in mesenteric arteries from rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estado nutricional de pré-escolares e consumo alimentar de suas famílias no Município de Ponta Grossa-Pr: a influência das condições socioeconômicas e das políticas públicas

Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição - FCFAR

Avaliação das boas práticas de fabricação em linha de processamento de queijos Minas frescal e ricota

In order to assure the maintenance of foods integrity and quality, for avoiding chemical, physical or biological contamination, it is essential to follow the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). Among the techniques used for evaluating GMP there is the observational analysis carried out by means of a check-list form application. The present study evaluated the suitability of GMP in a dairy industry producer of Minas fresh and ricotta cheeses, located in São José do Rio Preto, SP, by applying a check-list form. A significant improvement in conformity was evidenced, increasing from 43% to 78%. Neither the blocks related to the handlers nor the existing documentation in the company showed any improvements, as poor conditions unchanged. All of the other evaluated blocks showed significant improvement after applying the GMPrelated corrective measures. Based on these findings, the observance of corrective measures by the dairy industry on dairy products, physical environment, GMP, and handlers training was crucial for assuring the improvements and to increase the product quality and consumers safety.

Microbiota contaminante em bebidas lácteas fermentadas comerciais

Lately, the acceptability of fermented dairy beverages has been increased, due to the nutritional benefits, the practical consumption and the low cost of product for the manufacturers, and consequently for final market price to the consumers. During the manufacturing process, these products can be susceptible to microbiological contamination. The present study investigated the contaminant microbiota in fermented dairy beverages produced by small- and medium-sized companies, by means of analyses on moulds and yeasts counting, determination of the Most Probable Number (MPN) of total and thermo tolerant coliforms, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. detection, and determination of pH value. In spite of the absence of Salmonella spp., a high counts of yeasts and moulds were found, and E. coli was detected in five samples (16.67 %); and the sample were classified as “products in poor sanitary conditions”, because they showed thermo-tolerant coliforms counting higher than the standard established by the legislation in force. Therefore, quality programs such as Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) should be employed to prevent any contamination risk, in order to provide safe products to consumers.

Perfil socioeconômico e profissional de manipuladores de alimentos e o impacto positivo de um curso de capacitação em Boas Práticas de Fabricação

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Diagnóstico de situação da produção de linguiça frescal suína no município de Rio Verde/GO

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Boas práticas no consumo de energia em restaurantes da cidade de Botucatu

The objective of this work was to verify the rational use of energy in restaurants of the city Botucatu, that apply the Good Manufacturing of Production (GMP). Ten restaurants were appraised regarding the number of meals and energy consumption. A check list of the sanitary surveillance was also applied, regarding just the related items to electric installation, ventilation, and equipment maintenance, that are related to the energy consumption. It was asked and observed if there were some program or orientation for conscious consumption or reduction of the energy consumption. The energy consumption of the restaurants was positively related to the number of served meals and operation time of the establishment. In none of the visited establishments it was observed the control measures of the energy consumption, neither cooling equipments of low energy consumption.

On the implementation of good manufacturing practices in a small processing unity of mozzarella cheese in Brazil

This study reports the implementation of GMPs in a mozzarella cheese processing plant. The mozzarella cheese manufacturing unit is located in the Southwestern region of the state of Parana, Brazil, and processes 20,000 L of milk daily. The implementation of GMP took place with the creation of a multi-disciplinary team and it was carried out in four steps: diagnosis, report of the diagnosis and road map, corrective measures and follow-up of GMP implementation. The effectiveness of actions taken and GMP implementation was compared by the total percentages of non-conformities and conformities before and after implementation of GMR Microbiological indicators were also used to assess the implementation of GMP in the mozzarella cheese processing facility. Results showed that the average percentage of conformity after the implementation of GMP was significant increased to 66%, while before it was 32% (p < 0.05). The populations of aerobic microorganisms and total coliforms in equipment were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) after the implementation of GMP, as well as the populations of total coliforms in the hands of food handlers (p < 0.05). In conclusion, GMP implementation changed the overall organization of the cheese processing unity, as well as managers and food handlers' behavior and knowledge on the quality and safety of products manufactured. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Endothelium-Dependent Vasorelaxant Effect of Butanolic Fraction from Caryocar brasiliense Camb. Leaves in Rat Thoracic Aorta

Caryocar brasiliense Camb. "pequi" is a native plant from the Cerrado region of Brazil that contains bioactive components reported to be antioxidant agents. Previous work has demonstrated that dietary supplementation with pequi decreased the arterial pressure of volunteer athletes. We found that the crude hydroalcoholic extract (CHE) of C. brasiliense leaves relaxed, in a concentration-dependent manner, rat aortic rings precontracted with phenylephrine, and that the butanolic fraction (BF) produced an effect similar to that of the CHE. Aortic relaxation induced by BF was abolished by endothelium removal, by incubation of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME, or the soluble guanylatecyclase inhibitor ODQ. However, incubation with atropine and pyrilamine had no effect on the BF-induced vasorelaxation. Moreover, this effect was not inhibited by indomethacin and tetraethylammonium. The concentration-response curve to calcium in denuded-endothelium rings was not modified after incubation with BF, and the vasorelaxation by BF in endothelium-intact rings precontracted with KCl was abolished after incubation with L-NAME. In addition, administration of BF in anesthetized rats resulted in a reversible hypotension. The results reveal that C. brasiliense possesses both in vivo and in vitro activities and that the vascular effect of BF involves stimulation of the nitric oxide/cyclic GMP pathway.

Signaling Events During Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate-Regulated Pigment Aggregation in Freshwater Shrimp Chromatophores

Crustacean color change results partly from granule aggregation induced by red pigment concentrating hormone (RPCH). In shrimp chromatophores, both the cyclic GMP (3', 5'-guanosine monophosphate) and Ca2+ cascades mediate pigment aggregation. However, the signaling elements upstream and downstream from cGMP synthesis by GC-S (cytosolic guanylyl cyclase) remain obscure. We investigate post-RPCH binding events in perfused red ovarian chromatophores to disclose the steps modulating cGMP concentration, which regulates granule translocation. The inhibition of calcium/calmodulin complex (Ca2+/CaM) by N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulphonamide (W7) induces spontaneous aggregation but inhibits RPCH-triggered aggregation, suggesting a role in pigment aggregation and dispersion. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition by N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) strongly diminishes RPCH-induced aggregation; protein kinase G inhibition (by rp-cGMPs-triethylamine) reduces RPCH-triggered aggregation and provokes spontaneous dispersion, disclosing NO/PKG participation in aggregation signaling. Myosin light chain phosphatase inhibition (by cantharidin) accelerates RPCH-triggered aggregation, whereas Rho-associated protein kinase inhibition (by Y-27632, H-11522) reduces RPCH-induced aggregation and accelerates dispersion. MLCP (myosin light chain kinase) and ROCK (Rho-associated protein kinase) may antagonistically regulate myosin light chain (MLC) dephosphorylation/phosphorylation during pigment dispersion/aggregation. We propose the following general hypothesis for the cGMP/Ca2+ cascades that regulate pigment aggregation in crustacean chromatophores: RPCH binding increases Ca2+ (int), activating the Ca2+/CaM complex, releasing NOS-produced nitric oxide, and causing GC-S to synthesize cGMP that activates PKG, which phosphorylates an MLC activation site. Myosin motor activity is initiated by phosphorylation of an MLC regulatory site by ROCK activity and terminated by MLCP-mediated dephosphorylation. Qualitative comparison reveals that this signaling pathway is conserved in vertebrate and invertebrate chromatophores alike.

Dynamic complex formation between HD-GYP, GGDEF and PilZ domain proteins regulates motility in Xanthomonas campestris

RpfG is a member of a class of wide spread bacterial two-component regulators with an HD-GYP cyclic di-GMP phosphodiesterase domain. In the plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris, RpfG together with the sensor kinase RpfC regulates multiple factors as a response to the cell-to-cell Diffusible Signalling Factor (DSF). A dynamic physical interaction of RpfG with two diguanylate cyclase (GGDEF) domain proteins controls motility. Here we show that, contrary to expectation, regulation of motility by the GGDEF domain proteins does not depend upon their cyclic di-GMP synthetic activity. Furthermore we show that the complex of RpfG and GGDEF domain proteins recruits a specific PilZ domain adaptor protein, and this complex then interacts with the pilus motor proteins PilU and PiIT. The results support a model in which DSF signalling influences motility through the highly regulated dynamic interaction of proteins that affect pilus action. A specific motif that we identify to be required for HD-GYP domain interaction is conserved in a number of GGDEF domain proteins, suggesting that regulation via interdomain interactions is of broad relevance.