Six unidentified, youngest members of a traditional Küfer guild posing in front of their wine barrels holding the tools of their trade and glasses of wine; Bad Dürkheim Portraits Men

Handwritten description on verso addressed to Herr u. Frau Ernst Weill

Stroke and coronary heart disease in relation to hyperglycemia gender and age

This study was carried out to compare the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-h plasma glucose (2-h PG) criteria for diabetes with regard to their relation to stroke mortality and the incidence of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. In addition, the age-and gender difference in the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke and their relation with known cardiovascular disease risk factors and diabetes mellitus was examined. The study was a sub-data analysis of the Diabetes Epidemiology: Collaborative analysis Of Diagnostic criteria in Europe (DECODE) study including 25 181 individuals, 11 844 (47%) men and 13 345 (53%) women aged 25 to 90 years, from 14 European cohorts. In individuals without a history of diabetes elevated 2-h post-challenge glucose was a better predictor of stroke mortality than elevated fasting glucose in men, whereas the latter was better than the former in women. Elevated FPG and 2-h PG levels were associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke incidence. 2-h PG contributed to the risk more strongly than FPG. No relationship between hyperglycemia and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke was found. The risk of CHD and ischemic stroke incidence increased with age in both genders, but was higher in all age groups in men than in women. The gender difference was, however, more marked for CHD than for ischemic stroke. Age, smoking and diabetes contributed to the development of both CHD and ischemic stroke. Elevated cholesterol levels predicted CHD only, whereas elevated blood pressure was a risk predictor for the incidence of ischemic stroke. The CHD and ischemic stroke risk was higher in men than in women with and without diabetes, however, the gender difference diminished for CHD but enlarged for ischemic stroke in diabetic individuals. The known risk factors including diabetes contributed differently to the risk of CHD and ischemic stroke in women and in men. Hyperglycemia defined by FPG or 2-h PG increases the risk of ischemic stroke in individuals without diabetes. FPG better predicts stroke mortality in women and 2-h PG in men. The risk of acute CHD and ischemic stroke is higher in men than in women in all ages, but such gender difference is more marked for CHD than for ischemic stroke. CHD risk is higher in men than in women, but the difference is reduced in diabetic population. Diabetes, however, increases stroke risk more in men than in women in all ages.

Reproduction of grammar school class portrait including Fred Herz (front center).

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Historian Herbert Strauss standing in front of an exhibition at the ZFA (Zentrum für Antisemitismusforschung; Center for Research on Antisemitism); Berlin Portraits Men

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Leopold Landsberger dressed in flying gear standing in front of a propeller airplane.

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Dieter, Herbert, Meta, Josef Gruenstein with Max Gruenspecht and Regina Gruenspecht née Epstein in front of the synagogue in Schwarza, Thuringia, Germany

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Studio portrait of Benno Strauss in military uniform after being drafted to fight on the front during World War I at the age of thirty-nine.

Father of Herbert Strauss

Gottschalk family on vacation in front of Kurhaus Brunig; Norderney, Germany.

From left to right: man with camera: Karl Gottschalk; sitting on stairs: Fritz Gottschalk, unidentified woman, Therese Gottschalk nee Molling, Hans Ludwig, Kurt Gottschalk, unidentified woman (maid?) and Elizabeth Gottschalk

Lola Gruenthal, in front of the house Portraits women

"In front of the house September" on verso

Elizabeth Krakauer nee Gottschalk with her mother-in-law Auguste Krakauer nee Mayer in front of a house.

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Ernest Krakauer (left) with an unidentified man in front of a 1934 Plymouth; Germany.

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Fritz Gottschalk's family in front of the hotel Kurhaus Brunig, Norderney; Germany.

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Family portrait of (back l-r) Frieda Arens, Fritz Unger, Gustav Arens, Grete Glasner, (front l-r) Lise Arens, Gitta Unger and Ernst Glasner.

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Alfred Lichtenstein standing in front of a billboard advertising him and others; Berlin.

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