Mitochondrial leucine tRNA level and PTCD1 are regulated in response to leucine starvation

Pentatricopeptide repeat domain protein 1 (PTCD1) is a novel human protein that was recently shown to decrease the levels of mitochondrial leucine tRNAs. The physiological role of this regulation, however, remains unclear. Here we show that amino acid starvation by leucine deprivation significantly increased the mRNA steady-state levels of PTCD1 in human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cells. Amino acid starvation also increased the mitochondrially encoded leucine tRNA (tRNA(Leu(CUN))) and the mRNA for the mitochondrial leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LARS2). Despite increased PTCD1 mRNA steady-state levels, amino acid starvation decreased PTCD1 on the protein level. Decreasing PTCD1 protein concentration increases the stability of the mitochondrial leucine tRNAs, tRNA(Leu(CUN)) and tRNA(Leu(UUR)) as could be shown by RNAi experiments against PTCD1. Therefore, it is likely that decreased PTCD1 protein contributes to the increased tRNA(Leu(CUN)) levels in amino acid-starved cells. The stabilisation of the mitochondrial leucine tRNAs and the upregulation of the mitochondrial leucyl-tRNA synthetase LARS2 might play a role in adaptation of mitochondria to amino acid starvation.

Out of the ordinary : Anne Ryan and collage

Anne Ryan (1889-1954) was an active member of New York’s vibrant avant-garde art community during the tumultuous period marked by World War II. Ryan participated in the famed 1951 “Ninth Street Show,” and was an early member of Betty Parsons’s legendary stable of artists. She is not widely known today, however, and her influence is rarely acknowledged. Ryan is primarily known for her abstract collages—works that are frequently linked to Abstract Expressionism.

Transactions of the Albany Institute.

v.6 (1870)

Lake George, New York, 1890 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Map of Lake George, Rev. ed., by S. R. Stoddard. It was published by S. R. Stoddard in 1890. Scale [ca. 1:63,360]. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 18N NAD83 projection. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads, drainage, township and county boundaries, radial distances from multiple points, selected public buildings, private residences with names of property owners, other points of interest, and more. Relief is shown by hachures and spot heights. Includes insets: Ruins of Fort Ticonderoga in 1873 -- [The Narrows Region] -- [Hulett's Landing Region] -- [Floating Battery/Mother Bunch islands] -- [Kattskill Bay] -- [Bolton] -- [Caldwell] -- [Glens Falls Region]. Includes historical notes. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Discursos leidos en las recepciones públicas que ha celebrado desde 1847 la Real Academia Española.

Contiene: Discursos de ingreso de Alejandro Oliván, Nicomedes Pastor Díaz y Juan Eugenio Hartzenbusch, con contestación de Francisco Martínez de la Rosa. Discurso de Juan Donoso Cortés, con contestación de Francisco Martínez de la Rosa. Discurso de José Joaquín de Mora, con contestación de Antonio Gil y Zárate. Discurso de Javier de Quinto, con contestación del Duque de Frías. Discurso de Fermín de la Puente y Apecechea, con contestación de Joaquín Francisco Pacheco. Discurso de José Caveda, con contestación del Marqués de Pidal. Discurso de Antonio Ferrer del Río, con contestación de Juan Eugenio Hartzenbusch.

Ensayo histórico-apologético de la literatura española contra las opiniones preocupadas de algunos escritores modernos italianos /

Mode of access: Internet.

Ensayo historico-apologetico de la literatura española contra las opiniones preocupadas de algunos escritores modernos italianos /

Mode of access: Internet.

Ensayo historico-apologético de la literatura española contra las opiniones preocupadas de algunos escritores modernos italianos /

Mode of access: Internet.

Obras poéticas del Excmo. Señor D. Bernardino Fernández de Velasco, Duque de Frías /

Mode of access: Internet.

Commentarii de rebus in scientia naturali et medicina gestis : Secundae decadis supplementum I [-IV]

Mode of access: Internet.

The Editor.

"The journal of information for literary workers" (varies).

Studien zur Geschichte der spanischen Plastik : Juan Martínez Montañes, Alonso Cano, Pedro de Mena, Francisco Zarcillo /

Includes bibliographical references and index.

À las nobles artes, oda leida el 27 de marzo de 1832 en la distribucion de premios de la Real academia de San Fernando.

Mode of access: Internet.

Historia de Santo Domingo.

Errata leaves inserted at end of each volume.