Alternative continuation method for loading margin improvement and transmission losses reduction

This paper presents an alternative methodology for loading margin improvement and total real power losses reduction by using a continuation method. In order to attain this goal, a parameterizing equation based on the total real power losses and the equations of the reactive power at the slack and generation buses are added to the conventional power flow equations. The voltages at these buses are considered as control variables and a new parameter is chosen to reduce the real power losses in the transmission lines. The results show that this procedure leads to maximum loading point increase and consequently, in static voltage stability margin improvement. Besides, this procedure also takes to a reduction in the operational costs and, simultaneously, to voltage profile improvement. Another important result of this methodology is that the resulting operating points are close to that provided by an optimal power flow program. © 2004 IEEE.

Consumer behavior after the Brazilian power rationing in 2001

In June 2001, after a dry period, the level of the water reservoirs in Brazil was below their operational levels. This situation, combined with other historical factors, led the country into a period of power rationing. As expected, power consumption lowered during this period. After December 2001, when the power rationing ended, electrical utilities expected to return to their normal power consumption in a matter of months, but the level of power consumption only returned to its level around years 2004 2005. Consumer behavior went through a change during this period, and the consumers kept this behavior after, leading to electrical and economical consequences until today. This paper presents an analysis of several factors that led to these events, including historical consumption data and comparisons with similar situations. The objective of this analysis is to give helpful information to electrical utilities, that could deal with similar situations, in their load forecasting studies. © 2006 IEEE.

Possible shunt compensation strategies based on conservative power theory

Considering the Conservative Power Theory (CPT), this paper proposes some novel compensation strategies for shunt passive or active devices. The CPT current decompositions result in several current terms, which are associated with specific physical phenomena (average power consumption P, energy storage Q, load and source distortion D, unbalances N). These current components were used in this work for the definition of different current compensators, which can be selective in terms of minimizing particular disturbing effects. Compensation strategies for single and three-phase four-wire circuits have also been considered. Simulation results have been demonstrated in order to validate the possibilities and performance of the proposed strategies. © 2010 IEEE.

Decoupled reference generator for shunt active filters using the conservative power theory

Based on the framework of the Conservative Power Theory (CPT), this paper proposes some compensation strategies for shunt current compensators. CPT current decompositions result in several current-related terms associated with specific load characteristics, such as power consumption, energy storage, unbalances and load nonlinearities. These current components are decoupled (orthogonal) from each other and are used here to define different compensation strategies, which can be selective in minimizing particular effects of disturbing loads. Compensation strategies for single- and three-phase four-wire circuits are also considered. Simulated and experimental results are described to validate the possibilities and performance of the proposed strategies. © 2013 Brazilian Society for Automatics - SBA.

Sistema de extração de potência (power harvesting) usando transdutores piezelétricos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise de dificuldades técnicas e econômicas na inserção da cogeração pelas usinas sucroalcooleiras

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Investigação e aplicação de métodos primal - dual pontos interiores em problemas de despacho econômico e ambiental

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise de viabilidade técnica-econômica para a aplicação de inversores de frequência em sistemas de bombeamento de baixa potência

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Eficiência energética aplicada na indústria de bebidas em sistemas de refrigeração e ar comprimido: estudo de casos

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Aplicação e análise do uso racional de energia elétrica na Fazenda Experimental Lageado-UNESP, Botucatu-SP

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Metodologia de planejamento para inserção de geradores fotovoltaicos em redes elétricas isoladas e supridas por geradores a diesel

Fontes renováveis de energia baseadas na geração fotovoltaica (GFV) são alternativas energéticas promissoras para a complementação da geração elétrica convencional e centralizada, como usinas térmicas a diesel que suprem potência para redes elétricas isoladas em cidades e localidades remotas na Amazônia. A alocação e o dimensionamento de geradores para aplicação como geração distribuída (GD) é um problema desafiador, com implicações técnicas e econômicas, relacionadas ao planejamento, projeto e operação da rede e, particularmente, a GFV em função das condições ambientais, principalmente radiação solar e temperatura ambiente. Esta tese apresenta uma metodologia analítica para alocar e dimensionar a potência ativa de unidades de geração fotovoltaica, composta pelo gerador FV integrado ao inversor CC/CA (GDFV) para integração, de forma concentrada ou dispersa em redes isoladas de média tensão, e contempla o atendimento de múltiplos objetivos, melhoria do perfil de tensão da rede, redução das perdas ativas e redução da participação da geração a diesel, proporcionando redução no consumo de óleo diesel e, consequentemente, redução da poluição ambiental. A solução global do método proposto constitui um compromisso em relação a esses objetivos, apresentando ponderações diferenciadas para os mesmos, de acordo com prioridades estabelecidas no planejamento do sistema elétrico sob estudo. Para validação da metodologia proposta, foram modeladas e simuladas as redes de 33 e 69 barras do IEEE e um sistema elétrico isolado, cuja usina térmica a diesel supre alimentação para a cidade de Aveiro-PA, Região Amazônica, obtendo-se como resultados dessas simulações melhoria significativa no perfil de tensão, redução nas perdas ativas e na potência de geração a diesel, de acordo com indicadores técnicos que permitem a avaliação quantitativa da integração da GDFV na rede elétrica.

Efeitos do teor de umidade da madeira no fresamento de Pinus Elliottii

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Otimização de rotas tecnológicas de processamento e distribuição de resíduos municipais

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

NodePM: A Remote Monitoring Alert System for Energy Consumption Using Probabilistic Techniques

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Incorporação de um sistema nobreak com ultracapacitor em um microcomputador

The objective of this work is to analyze the viability of incorporation in a microcomputer box of a nobreak with an ultracapacitor as energy storage device, substituting the conventional chemical battery. An advantage of this inclusion is cost reduction because a specific metallic or plastic frame won’t be necessary to protect the components of the nobreak; the microcomputer metallic frame offers the necessary protection for both equipments. Moreover, a large quantity of internal space of microcomputers box isn’t used, and is possible to use it to wrap up the nobreak. This work uses data about average power consumption of microcomputers; operation of switching mode power supplies for microcomputers; electrical and mechanical characteristics of ultracapacitors and operation of power circuits of nobreaks, with the purpose of present a study of energy storage capacity that an ultracapacitor should have to allow a safe switching off of a microcomputer in case of electrical network fail. It was noticed that the use of ultracapacitors is feasible to feed an 180 W load for 75 s, using a capacitive bank with sixteen ultracapacitors, with a total capacitance of 350 F and voltage of 10,8 V. The use of the proposed nobreak increases the reliability of the microcomputer by reducing the probability of user data losses in case of an electrical network fail, offering a high cost/benefit product. The substitution of the battery by an ultracapacitor allows a quick nobreak recharge, with low maintenance costs, since ultracapacitors have a lifetime bigger than batteries; beyond reducing the environmental impact, because they don’t use potentially toxic chemical compounds