973 resultados para Economia aplicada à administração
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O estudo objetivou dimensionar o valor estratégico dos Serious Games e da Gamificação como alternativas pedagógicas em favor do aprendizado sobre Gestão Pública. De cunho exploratório e descritivo, o estudo, visa fornecer algum conhecimento sobre ferramentas alternativas de apoio ao ensino da Gestão Pública, tomando o papel dos jogos digitais como instrumentos contributivos aos educadores. A metodologia aplicada é fenomenológica, pois buscou extrair significados por intermédio dos sujeitos, a fim de obter uma maior compreensão do fenômeno de aprendizagem baseada em jogos digitais. A investigação foi conduzida por pesquisas bibliográficas e de campo, na qual a coleta de dados foi obtida por meio de entrevistas por pautas. Ao todo, a amostra contemplou 18 sujeitos envolvidos com games em educação, baseando-se em três critérios: pesquisa, desenvolvimento e aplicação. Foram analisados artigos e publicações de autores brasileiros, constatando-se a baixa produção sobre o tema, principalmente, de cunho qualitativo sobre ao assunto. Além disso, observou-se uma presença de livros e publicações em língua inglesa muito superior às produções nacionais, por essa razão, a pesquisa buscou ampliar a discussão sobre o tema. Como resultados das entrevistas, foram destacados benefícios cognitivos, pedagógicos, interacionais com base nas teorias interacionistas de Vygotsky e Piaget, nas quais os jogos digitais formam espaços de aprendizagem e interação, cabendo, contudo, aos educadores, a escolha de empregá-los ou não em salas de aula. Os resultados também revelam alguns problemas de implementação, tais como: (1) falta de investimentos em treinamento dos professores, (2) falta de infraestrutura nas instituições de ensino, (3) integração curricular, (4) acesso à infraestrutura/tecnologia em comunidades ribeirinhas fora dos grandes centros urbanos, (5) adequação ao público-alvo, pois nem todos os estudantes se interessam por jogos eletrônicos. Ao final, iniciativas do MEC têm propiciado a busca de novas ferramentas e tecnologias que venham a incrementar as práticas pedagógicas, e nesse sentido, os jogos digitais adequam-se a esta realidade exigida, pois trazem consigo novas reflexões acerca do ensino, do papel dos professores, e de novas possibilidades no ensino de Gestão Pública. O valor estratégico dos games revela-se como uma ferramenta pedagógica propiciadora de espaços de aprendizado alicerçados em: interatividade, imersão e interconectividade, responsáveis por tornarem os aluno sujeitos ativos no processo educacional.
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Desde os primórdios da humanidade, o ato de consumir está associado ao atendimento das necessidades básicas à sustentação da vida. Ao longo dos séculos, o verbo "comprar" definiu limites entre riqueza e pobreza, desenvolvimento e subdesenvolvimento, saúde e doença, e até entre felicidade e tristeza. Valores baseados em cifrões, volumes e quantidades se sobrepuseram à qualidade, ao uso justo e sustentável. No mundo em transformação, os esforços destinados a combater o aquecimento global, alimentar a população crescente, reduzir a desigualdade social e garantir os recursos naturais para o bem estar futuro do ser humano passam necessariamente pela maneira como governos, empresas e indivíduos exercem seu poder de compra. Surgem novos padrões no horizonte. Dimensionar o desafio e apontar caminhos para mudanças via consumo institucional - público e privado - são objetivos desta obra inovadora, oportuna no debate sobre a chamada "economia verde e inclusiva". Além de uma perspectiva histórica, os autores analisam a interação entre os diferentes elos desse processo e trazem ilustrações didáticas sobre o papel de algumas cadeias de fornecimento na redução de impactos socioambientais. Soluções, experiências e proposições endereçam o tema para a agenda da sustentabilidade.
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Reconhecendo a emergência dos temas socioambientais como um processo irreversível em escala mundial, o Instituto de Estudos para o Desenvolvimento Industrial, em conjunto com o Centro de Estudos em Sustentabilidade (GVces) da Escola de Administração de Empresas de São Paulo da Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV-EAESP), apresenta a série de estudos “Tendências e oportunidades da economia verde”, cujos objetivos são examinar (i) como tais desafios associados aos temas socioambientais podem ser enfrentados pelo Brasil, por meio de governo e empresas, e (ii) de que forma essas organizações podem contribuir para uma economia cada vez mais orientada a gerar desenvolvimento sustentável.
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The current study analyzes the birth and development of two strategic alliances established between shrimp producers in Rio Grande do Norte: the Unipesca and the Coopercam. To achieve this aim, two approaches which, at first sight, could be considered contradictory were used: the Transactional Costs Economy and Embeddedness. The first approach is fundamentally based in the studies of Williamson (1985; 1991; 1996; 1999; 2000; 2002). Embededness, on the other hand, went through the review of a series of authors, such as Burt (1992), Granovetter (1973; 1985), Uzzi (1997), Gulati (1994; 1995; 1997; 1998; 1999; 2000), Nielsen (2005), Ring (2002), Ring and Van de Ven (1994), Zafirovski (2002), among others. To analyze the birth and development of the cooperatives in this study, Gulati s work (1998) was used. This study shows the steps to be studied for a better comprehension of an alliance: the decision of starting an alliance and the choice of the partners, the decision about the governance structure, the evolution of the alliance and the development of the companies which established this partnership. To carry this study out, a study case accordingly to Yin s proposal (2001) was adopted. Semi-structured interviews with pre-defined plots were conducted in two phases: in the beginning of 2006 and in the beginning of 2007. The subjects from the research were, in 2006, representative members of the main associations and corporations, besides the shrimp producers from the state, when the context of the activity was set. In the second phase, in 2007, representative members from the two cooperatives that were listed above were interviewed the president from Coopercam and the marketing manager from Unipesca. Besides these two members, directors from two important organizations in each of these cooperatives were also interviewed, giving out the necessary information for the research. Secondary data was also collected from the Brazilian Association of Crab producers website, as well as from news from important newspapers in RN, such as Tribuna do Norte. The primary data was analyzed in terms of quality, accordingly to the documental analysis technique. Thus, through the data that was collected, it can be concluded that the reasons that motivated the companies to cooperate can be explained in terms of the transactional costs economy. However, the choice of partners is more connected to aspects approached by the social embededness. When aspects related to development and evolution were analyzed, it could be seen that both aspects from TCE and Embededness were vital to explain the development of the cooperatives mentioned
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The Solidary Economy is an area that has shown unusual traits to what is preached in the traditional economic organizations, even organizations that have very similar principles, as some cooperatives. This trait is approaching the concept of isonomy proposed by Ramos (1989). Given this context, and the notion that the isonomy is like a ideal type, the objective this work was to evidence particulars of isonomic environment the in economic and solidarity experiences, taking as an empirical research area the Grupo de Mulheres Decididas a Vencer, considered a solidary economic enterprise. For this, we used the descriptive-exploratory research of qualitative nature, where the object of such research is the know enterprise, therefore, also characterized as a case study, which were taken as research subjects six associates, they being the most active in the enterprise. From the five categories that characterize isonomy - minimum standards prescribing, self-gratifying activity, activities undertaken as a vocation, wide system of making decision and primaries interpersonal relations - and from the traits of a solidary economic enterprise the data analysis was built, through content analysis, specifically the categorial analysis. Given this context and reality in which it is Grupo de Mulheres Decididas a Vencer, with minimal rules and procedures for conducting activities, comparing them to a therapy, women choosing to insert in that environment, faced with a democratic space and unfettered bureaucracy in professional interpersonal relationships, in others words, an organizational space where they were shown signs of substantive rationality was possible to conclude that the Group will share experiences and characteristics of isonomy. This disclosure meets the multidimensional social that presupposes Paraecomomic Paradigm, enabling man to enter in different social environments of the economy in order to search for self-actualization
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The Women s experiences in the private sphere under the work s field changes the family relationship allowing them more freedom, autonomy and independence. The inequalities, socially built, homemade women s obligations results in discrimination, difficult to insert and recovery on female s job in a job s market, including low salary if compared with men s and difficult to services access in addiction a difficult daily life and in domestic sphere. The women s organisation in productive groups or economically solidary enterprises (ESE) torn possible the social economically organisations and politicians to promote deep changes in a domestically e socially relationship, positioning, for example, women s in publics areas and in the rout of emancipation. The objective of this search are understand men and women relationship in the family agriculture s field starts insert women in economically solidary enterprises (ESE) on Mulunguzinho s settlement (Mossoró/RN). The theoretical framework is inspirited Economical Solidary concept kind division s job and women s empowerment. This search had a qualitative character and exploration through case s study on Mulheres decididas a vencer s group. The secondary information was create through theoretical framework and information collected through semi-structured interviews based in interviews applied for women and yours respective husbands by criterion for women participation on productive activities of beekeeping culture of goat and sheep. This study turns possible conclude that the women s participations in productive groups in solidary economical change significantly their life and their family life. The group s organisations process, the training was received, the collective production, the marketing and the mobilized participation to move it all was fundamental for women share with their families partners some homemade and take care with the children. This finding confirm a different aspect not economical in solidary economy overcoming the monetary value in associative relationship observing principally individuals well-being and the concern with the form of reproduction this way of life in the associated
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Tax planning is a subject that has been increasing in relevance in Tax Law. This current dissertation s objective is to approach the criterion and limits for the disqualification of law acts and business through the Tax Administration. Law acts and business resulted from the conduct of contributors that seek to diminish the growing raise of the tax load, using some means to reduce their burden and increase the possibilities of success in an economical activity, without violating the law in the persecution of paying fewer burdens. On the other hand, the tax administration, through its organs, hoping the increase of burden collection to withstand some determined sectors of the State, with a clear purpose to stop the contributor organizing his activity and structuring it as efficiently as possible, came up with a preliminary draft which left Complementary Law 104, from 10.02.2001, enacted, that inserted the unique paragraph of the National Tax Code, article 116, authorizing the disregard, by the administrative fiscal authority, of Law acts and business practiced to dissimulate the occurrence of burden gain or the nature of obligated incorporating elements, observing the procedures to be established in common law . Our goal is to identify the criteria and limits to disregard law acts and business through the tax administration, pointing out some possible means of action by the tax administration that qualifies it to disregard the contributor s acts and business, just claiming that a saving in the tax costs was made by the contributor s act
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar se a dose de ranitidina 2mg kg-1, aplicada via intravenosa, causa êmese ou hipotensão em cães saudáveis. Foram selecionados 10 cães da raça Retriever do Labrador, 10 da raça Beagle e 10 cães sem raça definida, sendo cinco animais de cada sexo. Os animais foram submetidos ao exame clínico e à avaliação da pressão sanguínea antes da aplicação do fármaco e também 10 minutos e quatro horas após a administração deste. Após a aplicação, observou-se que 13,3% dos animais apresentaram-se normais; 6,7% dos cães apresentaram apatia; 50% dos animais apresentaram salivação e 30% apresentaram apatia, salivação, mímica de vômito ou êmese. Não houve diminuição significativa da pressão arterial após a administração do fármaco. Conclui-se que o uso de ranitidina na dose terapêutica, aplicada via intravenosa, pode provocar apatia, salivação, mímica de vômito e êmese.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC
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Incluye Bibliografía
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Incluye Bibliografía
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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)