Gestão democrática dos Sistemas Municipais de Educação : uma análise a partir do Conselho Municipal de Educação de Canindé de São Francisco/SE (2008 – 2010)

O objeto de estudo da Dissertação é o quotidiano e a dinâmica do Conselho Municipal de Educação de Canindé de São Francisco – CONMECSF, com a finalidade de desvendar como acontecem os processos sociais presentes na prática, configurando suas ações junto às administrações municipais e à sociedade organizada. A compreensão do objeto demandou algumas interlocuções teóricas com vários autores clássicos e contemporâneos, no sentido de esclarecer a natureza das mediações desenvolvidas nessa instância do sistema educacional, sem perder de vista suas relações com a categoria da totalidade. A pesquisa desenvolvida caracteriza-se como qualitativa pela sua própria especificidade, inspirando-se no estudo de caso e em seus procedimentos metodológicos. Por intermédio desta, são analisadas as produções e as práticas do Conselho Municipal de Educação de Canindé de São Francisco, via documentos e representações sociais de educadores locais quanto às políticas públicas educacionais nesse município, no período compreendido entre 2008 a 2010, de modo a configurar a gestão do sistema municipal de educação. Os achados da investigação apontam para a validade da forma de atuação do CMECSF, na perspectiva de um acompanhamento a ser aperfeiçoado da execução e efetividade das políticas públicas.

Aplicación de un modelo de alerta temprana al sistema de bancos privados del Ecuador en el período 2003-2010

Luego de la crisis económico-financiera que atravesó el país en 1998 y 1999, la supervisión bancaria ha trabajado en el fortalecimiento de su rol de control sobre el sistema financiero. Sin embargo, en la actualidad se carece de herramientas que permitan identificar señales tempranas de deterioro de las entidades, evaluando no sólo su desempeño individual, sino el efecto de las condiciones del entorno en las mismas. El presente documento tiene como objetivo principal evaluar el comportamiento y desempeño de las IFI bajo las condiciones actuales, a fin de determinar si existen características similares a las del periodo previo a la crisis bancaria de 1998, que determinen la existencia de señales preocupantes de deterioro en su estructura financiera y en la evolución de sus principales indicadores. Para ello, la investigación incluye, en primera instancia, la revisión bibliográfica de los conceptos y metodologías más importantes referentes al tema. En el segundo capítulo se realiza una breve descripción de las condiciones macroeconómicas y específicas del sistema financiero, que perfilaron al Ecuador en el período pre-crisis y durante la misma, esto con el objeto de comprender los determinantes del deterioro del sistema. Posteriormente, en el acápite tercero, se analiza la estructura del sistema de bancos en el período 2003-2010, así como las condiciones que presenta tanto el entorno macroeconómico nacional como del exterior, y las perspectivas de corto y mediano plazo. En el capítulo IV, se estructura la metodología utilizada -un modelo logit multivariante con datos de panel- para identificar las variables e indicadores que explican de mejor manera la crisis de 1998-1999, los mismos que, por su importancia, podrían constituirse en indicadores de alerta dentro de una herramienta de seguimiento. Finalmente, en el capítulo V, se evalúa el modelo estimado en el período 2003- 2010, determinando la presencia de señales de alarma en el sistema de bancos privados en la actualidad, así como estableciendo comparaciones entre ambos períodos sobre las variables e indicadores identificados.

Tendencias de la ayuda oficial al desarrollo en los países andinos (2000-2010) [Tema Central]

Se analizan las principales tendencias de la ayuda oficial al desarrollo (AOD) en los países andinos (2000-2010) constatando a nivel agregado: i) disminución de la importancia de la AOD frente a otros flujos externos de financiación; ii) caída de la participación de la región en la AOD global en el marco de la reasignación geográfica impuesta por la agenda de objetivos de desarrollo del milenio (ODM); iii) securitización de la agenda y presencia de Estados Unidos (EUA) como principal donante, evidenciados en los sectores de destino donde destaca el control de narcóticos.

Rapid topographic change measured by high-resolution satellite radar at Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat, 2008-2010

High-resolution satellite radar observations of erupting volcanoes can yield valuable information on rapidly changing deposits and geomorphology. Using the TerraSAR-X (TSX) radar with a spatial resolution of about 2 m and a repeat interval of 11-days, we show how a variety of techniques were used to record some of the eruptive history of the Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat between July 2008 and February 2010. After a 15-month pause in lava dome growth, a vulcanian explosion occurred on 28 July 2008 whose vent was hidden by dense cloud. We were able to show the civil authorities using TSX change difference images that this explosion had not disrupted the dome sufficient to warrant continued evacuation. Change difference images also proved to be valuable in mapping new pyroclastic flow deposits: the valley-occupying block-and-ash component tending to increase backscatter and the marginal surge deposits reducing it, with the pattern reversing after the event. By comparing east- and west-looking images acquired 12 hours apart, the deposition of some individual pyroclastic flows can be inferred from change differences. Some of the narrow upper sections of valleys draining the volcano received many tens of metres of rockfall and pyroclastic flow deposits over periods of a few weeks. By measuring the changing shadows cast by these valleys in TSX images the changing depth of infill by deposits could be estimated. In addition to using the amplitude data from the radar images we also used their phase information within the InSAR technique to calculate the topography during a period of no surface activity. This enabled areas of transient topography, crucial for directing future flows, to be captured.

Heliospheric Observations of STEREO-Directed Coronal Mass Ejections in 2008 – 2010: Lessons for Future Observations of Earth-Directed CMEs

We present a study of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) which impacted one of the STEREO spacecraft between January 2008 and early 2010. We focus our study on 20 CMEs which were observed remotely by the Heliospheric Imagers (HIs) onboard the other STEREO spacecraft up to large heliocentric distances. We compare the predictions of the Fixed-Φ and Harmonic Mean (HM) fitting methods, which only differ by the assumed geometry of the CME. It is possible to use these techniques to determine from remote-sensing observations the CME direction of propagation, arrival time and final speed which are compared to in-situ measurements. We find evidence that for large viewing angles, the HM fitting method predicts the CME direction better. However, this may be due to the fact that only wide CMEs can be successfully observed when the CME propagates more than 100∘ from the observing spacecraft. Overall eight CMEs, originating from behind the limb as seen by one of the STEREO spacecraft can be tracked and their arrival time at the other STEREO spacecraft can be successfully predicted. This includes CMEs, such as the events on 4 December 2009 and 9 April 2010, which were viewed 130∘ away from their direction of propagation. Therefore, we predict that some Earth-directed CMEs will be observed by the HIs until early 2013, when the separation between Earth and one of the STEREO spacecraft will be similar to the separation of the two STEREO spacecraft in 2009 – 2010.

Outorga onerosa do direito de construir e dinâmica do mercado imobiliário formal: planejamento e descaminhos na expansão urbana de Parnamirim RN (2008-2010)

The `Outorga Onerosa do Direito de Construir - OODC` (Public Concession of Building Rights), instrument instituted by The City Statute in 2001, has as main objective the recovery of urban property, seeking for a fair distribution the urbanization benefits. The possibility of usage of the OODC instrument is linked to the maximum utilization coefficient, determined to specific areas in accordance to existing infrastructure conditions, further taking into account the formal real estate market, expansion axis and crowding. Being an instrument which establishes values to be paid for a better use of land, it maintains a narrow relation to the real estate, incentivizing or discouraging the crowding in specific areas. The present study investigates the relationship between the criteria for the making of the Public Concession of Building Rights instrument and the dynamics of the formal real estate market. It takes as empiric universe Parnamirim (RN), part of the Natal Metropolitan Area (RN), focusing on the application of the OODC in the period of 2008-2010. It seeks to better understand the necessary basis for the formulation of the instrument, about how it works and its relation to the formal real estate market. It aims to depict the formal real estate market by presenting the production of urban space in Parnamirim in terms of intensity and nature of the real estate, furthermore identifying the licensed properties through the application of the municipality instrument. For the conclusion, it is discussed the criteria for the formation of OODC, its relationship to the dynamics of the formal real estate market and its influencing possibilities in the processes of usage and occupation of land in the context of urban planning

Escritos de Enrique V. Iglesias, 1953-2001: Presidente del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID); Ex Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores de la República Oriental del Uruguay; Ex Secretario Ejecutivo de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL). Bibliografía existente en la Biblioteca de la CEPAL

Se incluyó además en la investigación la Biblioteca de la Fundación Educacional "Roberto Bellarmino" y la Biblioteca del Centro de Investigación y Planificación del Medio Ambiente (CIPMA)

Avances en el acceso y el uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en América Latina y el Caribe 2008-2010

Incluye Bibliografía