938 resultados para Criança – Assistência hospitalar
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Este estudo tem por objetivo compreender como as mães da criança com Fibrose Cística (FC) vivenciam o luto pela perda da saúde do seu filho, considerando que esta ocorrência representa uma ameaça de morte continua à vida da criança, quando da ausência da adesão do tratamento. A Fibrose Cística é uma doença crônica, genética, sem cura e potencialmente letal, com prognóstico reservado, que demanda tratamento de alto impacto e intenso cuidado. A estratégia metodológica fundamentou-se na abordagem clínico qualitativa, com ênfase na análise de conteúdo. Participaram deste estudo onze mães com filho diagnosticado com FC e que se encontrava em acompanhamento ambulatorial no Programa de Assistência de FC, do Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto. A coleta de dados foi realizada a partir de um encontro com a mãe para uma entrevista semiestruturada e a realização de dois desenhos com objetivo de compreender o luto destas mães em relação à doença FC de seu filho, suas perdas e significados em relação ao adoecimento da criança. Os resultados mostram que as mães vivenciam o luto pela perda da saúde da criança, desvelando os significados atribuídos a morte e o morrer, confirmado pela hipótese de que a mãe da criança com FC sabe sobre a doença, tem consciência da ameaça de morte e compreende que o tratamento pode proporcionar ao seu filho melhor qualidade de vida. Para elas a proximidade da existência de uma morte iminente traz uma reorganização e mudanças internas e externas, pessoais e familiares que favorecem a ressignificação suas vidas a partir do enfrentamento da doença.
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Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC
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OBJETIVO: revisar a literatura e os princípios básicos sobre o atendimento ambulatorial da criança e do adolescente com alterações no desenvolvimento, salientando os aspectos da prevenção, detecção e intervenção precoce, inclusão e reabilitação. FONTE DE DADOS: pesquisa nas bases de dados Medline, Lilacs, nas publicações de comitês científicos, de instituições para portadores de necessidades especiais e protocolos sobre assistência ambulatorial em centros de referência para crianças e adolescentes portadores de deficiências. SÍNTESE DOS DADOS: esta população-alvo apresenta, além dos problemas de saúde típicos de sua faixa etária, os relacionados à sua patologia de base, ou às conseqüências dessas. Este artigo traz ao pediatra as principais causas de distúrbios de desenvolvimento e as características de cada forma de deficiência, ressaltando os cuidados necessários na sua abordagem nos ambulatórios de pediatria. CONCLUSÕES: o censo brasileiro de 2000 aponta que 14,5% da população brasileira apresenta algum tipo de deficiência, posicionando os problemas de desenvolvimento como um dos mais prevalentes agravos da infância e da adolescência. Assim sendo, todo pediatra há que estar atento ao desenvolvimento das crianças e adolescentes e aos fatores que possam influir sobre ele. Do pediatra depende a prevenção, o diagnóstico precoce e o tratamento em tempo hábil, sendo insubstituível na coordenação da assistência multidisciplinar, bem como na inclusão desta clientela na assistência básica à saúde, fundamentais na definição do prognóstico e da qualidade de vida dos portadores de deficiências.
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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS
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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS
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Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate gasometric differences of severe trauma patients requiring intubation in prehospital care. METHODS: Patients requiring airway management were submitted to collection of arterial blood samples at the beginning of pre-hospital care and at arrival at the Emergency Room. We analyzed: Glasgow Coma Scale, respiratory rate, arterial pH, arterial partial pressure of CO2 (PaCO2), arterial partial pressure of O2 (PaO2), base excess (BE), hemoglobin O2 saturation (SpO2) and the relation of PaO2 and inspired O2 (PaO2/FiO2). RESULTS: There was statistical significance of the mean differences between the data collected at the site of the accident and at the entrance of the ER as for respiratory rate (p = 0.0181), Glasgow Coma Scale (p = 0.0084), PaO2 (p <0.0001) and SpO2 (p = 0.0018). CONCLUSION: tracheal intubation changes the parameters PaO2 and SpO2. There was no difference in metabolic parameters (pH, bicarbonate and base excess). In the analysis of blood gas parameters between survivors and non-survivors there was statistical difference between PaO2, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and base excess.
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This study investigated Social Care as an institution that creates mechanisms for the production of subjectivity in the care of children and adolescents. For this, we used some analytical coordinates, both conjectural and structural, models of care for mapping care in confrontation in the field of Social Care. It was concluded that there was two contradictory paradigms, in the dialectical sense, organizing social care, one being the philanthropic mode and the other the socioeducative mode. The first, which is hegemonic in the field, corresponds to a care entity still organized from philanthropic care and is guided by a minority age logic, articulated by a discourse of criminalizing the lower classes. It is informally based on the legal concept of irregular situations, which would develop preventive, repressive, correctional and moralizing care practices. The construction of a socioeducative mode implies socioeducative care that aims for an effective increase in the rights of children and adolescents, based on their status as subjects and citizens, through democratic, dialogic, participatory, multi-disciplinary and fundamentally emancipatory institutional practices.
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Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB
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The aim of this study is to investigate the significance of educational practices aimed at children in non formal education, in this case, specifically, the hospital context. The chosen methodology is part of an investigation conducted in two phases. In the first phase was carried out a theoretical stage, scientifically based studies guided by an historical-cultural and Sociology of Childhood, enabling placement on the particularities of children, the playfulness and the positioning of Pedagogy in the hospital. After this theoretical study was performed the second phase, with the completion of an empirical study with a research and intervention in a hospital playroom, in a public hospital considered a regional center in the northwestern city of São Paulo. The methodological procedures adopted for this empirical study were participant observation, interviews, action research and a questionnaire. Participant observation and action research are conducted within the brinquetodeca in five meetings with about 15 children, interviews were conducted with three family members and the questionnaire was applied to a healthcare professional. Among the results we can mention the following findings: a confirmation of the necessity of work in the hospital directing playful adaptations for the preservation and development of children's learning, and recent publications are scarce about the Hospital Education and underscore the need for the professional practice of education in non-school, the educational activities carried out reveals the possibilities of offering the child the continuation of their educational activities involving the playful and educational, the international and national literature on educational practices in the hospital allow to check ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS
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Hospital Dentistry can be understood by the care of the oral abnormalities that require intervention of multidisciplinary team for highly complex treatment. Dentistry integrated into the hospital, allows a better performance in the commitment to patient care and also expanded oral health care to the population. However, even among dentists, opinions differ on the subject. The participation of the dentist in an outpatient or in hospital, aims to collaborate, deliver and add more strength to what characterizes the new identity of the hospital. The aim of this study was to review the literature about the importance of ministering concepts of Hospital Dentistry for the exercise of this profession and how the situation is nowadays.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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The Patient Classification System has become essential concerning to the practice in management and care from a nurse. This study analyzed the implementation of Assistance Sites in an intensive care unit for adults as a way of organization and classification of patients, as well as the impact of this process on the quality of care according to the Nursing Activities Score and the relation with the Hospital Infection. This is a quantitative, prospective, descriptive and transversal study. The data collection was realized from July until October 2010. The sample was consisted of 214 patients, mostly male, neurosurgical and with a mid age of 57 years. The NAS was on the average of 71.72%. Regarding the Hospital Infection before and after implantation, there was a reduction in the rates of pneumonia. However, the nursing workload remained the same. Moreover, It was evident the importance of using the Nursing Activities Score and the implementation of new ways for classification of patients to improve the organization of the care.