Lability of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn and Pb complexed by aquatic humic substances

The lability of Cd(II), Cr(III), Cu(II), Mn(II) and Pb(II) complexed by humic substances (HSs) was investigated by means of ion exchange on cellulose modified with p-aminobenzoic groups (Cell-PAB), using a batch procedure. The HSs were extracted from water samples using adsorption in a column packed with XAD 8 resin. The metal-HS complexes were prepared by adding solutions containing all the aforementioned metal ions ( Cd(II), Cr(III), Cu(II), Mn(II) and Pb(II) ). The results indicated that the distribution coefficients (Kd) of Cell-PAB decreased with the presence of HSs, and that the lability of metal fractions complexed by HSs decreases in pH values > 4.0, complexation time > 10 h and HS concentration > 500 mg L-1. The metal exchange between HSs and Cell-PAB exhibited the following order of metal ion lability: Cd < Pb < Mn @ Cr < Cu.

Avaliação espectrofotométrica das formas CR+3, CRO4-2 e CR2O7-2

Um estudo espectrofotométrico de especiação das formas Cr+3, CrO4-2 e Cr2O7-2 foi realizado em amplo intervalo de pH de 2,0 a 12,0 em solução tampão Britton-Robinson. Os espectros de absorção das regiões ultra-violeta e visível são bem caracterizados, apresentando bandas nas duas regiões espectrais. A relação de absorbância versus concentração, para cada espécie química, permitiu conhecer o coeficiente de absortividade molar das entidades químicas.

Estratégia Saúde da Família: Clínica e Crítica

Apresenta-se uma contextualização teórica sobre a Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) e se discutem suas possíveis fortalezas e fragilidades. O texto foi construído com base em uma revisão da literatura com estratégia de busca definida e reflexão crítica sobre os textos selecionados. Destaca-se como um ponto importante a tentativa de resposta ao desafio de reorientar o modelo de atenção à saúde – em sua dimensão político-operacional – que emergiu em 1994, quando o Ministério da Saúde implantou o Programa Saúde da Família (PSF), que, posteriormente, passou a ser considerado a estratégia estruturante dos sistemas municipais de saúde, a ESF. Alguns aspectos apontam um avanço alcançado com a implementação da ESF, destacando-se a reorganização da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), o espaço-tempo da visita domiciliar e a alteridade e a produção do acolhimento na APS. Apesar dos inegáveis avanços, seus princípios e práxis ainda não são uma completa realidade no cotidiano dos serviços de saúde, destacando-se especialmente o desafio de compreender e praticar a integralidade na APS, o desafio da valorização e da adequação do perfil dos profissionais/trabalhadores da ESF, a formação, a inserção e a práxis do agente comunitário de saúde, e a dificuldade de trabalho em equipe nas unidades da ESF.

Megalocitose de células luteínicas grandes de vacas prenhes com seneciose crônica

Diversas espécies de Senecio estão amplamente difundidas nas pastagens de propriedades rurais do Sul do Brasil. Criadores dessa região relatam quedas nos índices reprodutivos dos rebanhos bovinos, muitas vezes de causas não determinadas. Várias plantas tóxicas são capazes de causar alterações reprodutivas diretas e indiretas em bovinos em diversos países, incluindo o Brasil, no entanto seus mecanismos patogenéticos ainda são pouco compreendidos. O objetivo desse trabalho é descrever lesões ovarianas em vacas com seneciose crônica proveniente de propriedades rurais da mesorregião Sudoeste Rio-grandense. Foram estudados 21 casos positivos de seneciose crônica diagnosticados entre 2011 e 2014. O estudo revelou que a seneciose crônica é a principal causa de morte de bovinos adultos na região. Quatro vacas prenhes apresentaram lesões hepáticas clássicas da intoxicação por Senecio spp. Essas vacas tiveram seus ovários avaliados histologicamente e células luteínicas grandes (CLG) desses ovários apresentavam megalocitose e pseudoinclusões nucleares. Algumas CLG apresentaram núcleos com até 23,69μm de diâmetro e o aumento no tamanho desses núcleos foi significativamente maior que os de vacas controle. Conclui-se que a intoxicação por Senecio spp. causa alterações ovarianas em vacas e é possível que a intoxicação cause perdas reprodutivas nos rebanhos bovinas da região.

Noise and vibration damping of Fe-Cr-x alloys

The aim of the present work is to study the noise and vibration damping capacity of ferromagnetic Fe-16%Cr base alloys (before and after heat treatment) with different Al and Mo contents. The noise damping was evaluated by the level of sound emission after an impact. The vibration damping was studied using a cantilever device. In addition to these tests, the magnetic structure of the materials was also investigated by Kerr effect. It was verified that the materials can decrease noise level in the frequency range of human earring. The vibration damping is influenced by heat treatment and chemical composition of the alloy. The improvement of vibration damping after heat treatment is ascribed to the decrease of internal stresses in materials and changes in magnetic domain structures.

Low-dose doxycycline prevents inflammatory bone resorption in rats

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are considered to be key initiators of collagen degradation, thus contributing to bone resorption in inflammatory diseases. We determined whether subantimicrobial doses of doxycycline (DX) (<=10 mg kg-1 day-1), a known MMP inhibitor, could inhibit bone resorption in an experimental periodontitis model. Thirty male Wistar rats (180-200 g) were subjected to placement of a nylon thread ligature around the maxillary molars and sacrificed after 7 days. Alveolar bone loss (ABL) was measured macroscopically in one hemiarcade and the contralateral hemiarcade was processed for histopathologic analysis. Groups of six animals each were treated with DX (2.5, 5 or 10 mg kg-1 day-1, sc, 7 days) and compared to nontreated (NT) rats. NT rats displayed significant ABL, severe mononuclear cell influx and increase in osteoclast numbers, which were significantly reduced by 5 or 10 mg kg-1 day-1 DX. These data show that DX inhibits inflammatory bone resorption in a manner that is independent of its antimicrobial properties.

Psychological stress alters the ultrastructure and increases IL-1β and TNF-α in mandibular condylar cartilage

Psychological factors can be correlated with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), but the mechanisms are unknown. In the present study, we examined the microstructural changes and expression of proinflammatory cytokines in mandibular condylar cartilage of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in a psychological stress animal model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (8 weeks old, 210 ± 10 g) were randomly divided into 3 groups: psychological stress (PS, N = 48), foot shock (FS, N = 24), and control (N = 48). After inducing psychological stress using a communication box with the FS rats for 1, 3, or 5 weeks, PS rats were sacrificed and compared to their matched control littermates, which received no stress and were killed at the same times as the PS rats. Body and adrenal gland weight were measured and corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. After hematoxylin-eosin staining for histological observation, the ultrastructure of the TMJ was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Transcription and protein levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were evaluated by ELISA and semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The PS group showed a significantly higher adrenal gland weight after 3 weeks of stress and higher hormone levels at weeks 1, 3, and 5. Histopathological changes and thinning cartilage were apparent at weeks 3 and 5. In the PS group, TNF-α increased at 1, 3, and 5 weeks and IL-1β increased significantly after 1 and 3 weeks of stress, and then decreased to normal levels by 5 weeks. Psychological stress increased plasma hormone levels and RT-PCR indicated increased IL-1β and TNF-α expression in the TMJ in a time-dependent manner. These results suggest that cytokine up-regulation was accompanied by stress-induced cartilage degeneration in the mandibular condyle. The proinflammatory cytokines play a potential role in initiating the cartilage destruction that eventually leads to the TMDs.

Aplicabilidade da avaliação global subjetiva e malnutrition inflammation score na avaliação do estado nutricional na doença renal crônica

Até o momento, não há um método único capaz de diagnosticar com fidedignidade a condição nutricional do paciente com doença renal crônica (DRC). Por essa razão, tem se recomendado o emprego de vários marcadores nutricionais. A avaliação global subjetiva (AGS) se baseia na história física e no exame clínico do paciente e, desde sua criação, novas versões foram elaboradas. A partir da AGS, foi criado o malnutrition inflammation score (MIS), composto por 70% das questões comuns à AGS acrescido de questões objetivas do estado nutricional. Como muitas modificações foram feitas na forma original da AGS e o emprego tanto da AGS quanto do MIS em pacientes com DRC aumentou significativamente na prática clínica, este trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma revisão sobre a aplicabilidade desses métodos para avaliação do estado nutricional em pacientes com DRC.

Development of 3D super-resolution tomographic STED microscopy and its application to studies on bone resorption

In this doctoral thesis, a tomographic STED microscopy technique for 3D super-resolution imaging was developed and utilized to observebone remodeling processes. To improve upon existing methods, wehave used a tomographic approach using a commercially available stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscope. A certain region of interest (ROI) was observed at two oblique angles: one at a standard inverted configuration from below (bottom view) and another from the side (side view) via a micro-mirror positioned close to the ROI. The two viewing angles were reconstructed into a final tomogram. The technique, named as tomographic STED microscopy, was able to achieve an axial resolution of approximately 70 nm on microtubule structures in a fixed biological specimen. High resolution imaging of osteoclasts (OCs) that are actively resorbing bone was achieved by creating an optically transparent coating on a microscope coverglass that imitates a fractured bone surface. 2D super-resolution STED microscopy on the bone layer showed approximately 60 nm of lateral resolution on a resorption associated organelle allowing these structures to be imaged with super-resolution microscopy for the first time. The developed tomographic STED microscopy technique was further applied to study resorption mechanisms of OCs cultured on the bone coating. The technique revealed actin cytoskeleton with specific structures, comet-tails, some of which were facing upwards and some others were facing downwards. This, in our opinion, indicated that during bone resorption, an involvement of the actin cytoskeleton in vesicular exocytosis and endocytosis is present. The application of tomographic STED microscopy in bone biology demonstrated that 3D super-resolution techniques can provide new insights into biological 3D nano-structures that are beyond the diffraction-limit when the optical constraints of super-resolution imaging are carefully taken into account.

Le Journal des coiffeurs : publication des coiffeurs réunis / créé par Mariton

1859/08/01 (A24).

Le Journal des coiffeurs : publication des coiffeurs réunis / créé par Mariton

1855/09/01 (A21).

Le Journal des coiffeurs : publication des coiffeurs réunis / créé par Mariton

1867/02/01 (A22).

Le Journal des coiffeurs : publication des coiffeurs réunis / créé par Mariton

1872/03/01 (A36).

Le Journal des coiffeurs : publication des coiffeurs réunis / créé par Mariton

1857/10/01 (A23).

Le Journal des coiffeurs : publication des coiffeurs réunis / créé par Mariton

1859/04/01 (A24).