National Role Conceptions and Foreign Policies: France and Germany Compared. CES Germany & Europe Working Papers, No. 02.4, 2002

In spite of domestic and international political changes, French and German foreign policies have displayed high degrees of continuity between the late 1950s and the mid-1990s. Over the same time period, the directions of the two states’ foreign policies have also continued to differ from each other. Why do states similar in many respects often part ways in what they want and do? This article argues that the French and German national role conceptions (NRCs) account for both of these continuities. NRCs are domestically shared understandings regarding the proper role and purpose of one’s own state as a social collectivity in the international arena. As internal reference systems, they affect national interests and foreign policies. This article reestablishes the NRC concept, empirically codes it for France and Germany for the time period under consideration, and demonstrates comparatively how different NRCs lead to varying interests and policies across the major policy areas in security, defense, and armament.

The influence of an in-service programme on primary teachers conceptions about practical work

The purpose of this study was to investigate how an in-service programme influenced primary teachers’ conceptions about practical work. Ten elementary teachers participated in a Portuguese city in an one-year professional development programme, which aimed to promote the use of practical activities in classroom. Semi-structured interviews and classroom observations were both used to examine changes in teachers’ conceptions about science teaching and in their classroom pratices. Data also included written artefacts, such as teachers’ written reflections, lesson plans, activity sheets, assessment items and student work samples. Based on the analysis of the data, the changes in teachers’ conceptions were organized into four categories: student and learning, teacher and teaching, science teaching, and teaching context. Throughout their participation in the programme, teachers pointed out several constraints related to planning and implementing practical activities. Results indicate that most teachers were able to overcome their initial difficulties and progressively gained more confidence in using student-centered pratices. However, one year after the end of the programme, teachers reported that their actual practices did not changed significantly, particularly with regard to inquiry-based practical and collaborative activities, which remained absent or rare. Implications for professional development and further research are discussed.

Premières conceptions theologiques sur le Caresme. Preschees a Paris en l'église St. Severin l'an 1602 /

Mode of access: Internet.

Induction & deduction; a historical & critical sketch of successive philosophical conceptions respecting the relations between inductive & deductive thought & other essays,

Mode of access: Internet.

Fundamental conceptions of modern mathematics,

"The ... work is essentially one of constructive criticism." - Pref.

Different conceptions of priesthood and sacrifice; a report of a conference held at Oxford, December 13 and 14, 1899.

Mode of access: Internet.

Les belles et pieuses conceptions de François du Vauborel;

A second poem follows the "Belles et pieuses conceptions sur l'anagramme de (missa)"; it is entitled "Rencontre natvrelle a cœna cœ ou ce na et son anagramme neca" and appears in the original issued with separate paging but without separate t.-p., although it is not included in the general title.

An essay shewing the intimate connexion between our notions of moral good and evil, and our conceptions of the freedom of the divine and human wills.

Mode of access: Internet.

The christian ecclesia : a course of lectures on the early church history and early conceptions of the ecclesia and four sermons /

Mode of access: Internet.

Typical modern conceptions of God;

Mode of access: Internet.

Le Socialisme et l'activité économique. Étude sur les mobiles de l'activité économique individuelle dans les diverses conceptions socialistes ... Préface de M. Paul Deschanel.

Mode of access: Internet.

The Christian ecclesia; a course of lectures on the early history and early conceptions of the ecclesia and four sermons.

Mode of access: Internet.

Dictionary of philosophy and psychology : including many of the principal conceptions of ethics, logic, aesthetics, philosophy of religion, mental pathology, anthropology, biology, neurology, physiology, economics, political and social philosophy, philology, physical science, and education, and giving a terminology in English, French, German, and Italian /

Mode of access: Internet.

Natural rights : a criticism of some political and ethical conceptions /

Includes some text in French.

Students' conceptions of sport and sport education

This article explores a class of Grade 5 (age 9 and 10) children’s conceptions of sport during a season of sport education at Forest Gate Primary School. The purpose, following Kirk and Kinchin (this issue), is to examine the extent to which the potential transfer of learning between school and sport as a community of practice may be possible through sport education in school physical education. With reference to student interviews and drawings we report and discuss children’s conceptions of sport, their experiences of sport outside of the school, and their emerging conceptions of sport education in light of these prior understanding and experiences. We conclude that there was an evident level of compatibility between students’ experiences of sport education and their conceptions of sport more broadly.