Clinical outcomes of kidney transplants on patients with end-stage renal disease secondary to lupus nephritis, polycystic kidney disease and diabetic nephropathy

Background: Patients with lupus nephritis could progress to endstage renal disease (10-22%); hence, kidney transplants should be considered as the treatment of choice for these patients. Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcomes after kidney transplants in patients with chronic kidney diseases secondary to lupus nephritis, polycystic kidney disease and diabetes nephropathy at Pablo Tobon Uribe Hospital. Methods: A descriptive and retrospective study performed at one kidney transplant center between 2005 and 2013. Results: A total of 136 patients, 27 with lupus nephritis (19.9%), 31 with polycystic kidney disease (22.8%) and 78 with diabetes nephropathy (57.4%), were included in the study. The graft survivals after one, three and five years were 96.3%, 82.5% and 82.5% for lupus nephritis; 90%, 86% and 76.5% for polycystic kidney disease and 91.7%, 80.3% and 67.9% for diabetes nephropathy, respectively, with no significant differences (p= 0.488); the rate of lupus nephritis recurrence was 0.94%/person-year. The etiology of lupus vs diabetes vs polycystic disease was not a risk factor for a decreased time of graft survival (Hazard ratio: 1.43; 95% CI: 0.52-3.93). Conclusion: Kidney transplant patients with end stage renal disease secondary to lupus nephritis has similar graft and patient survival success rates to patients with other kidney diseases. The complication rate and risk of recurrence for lupus nephritis are low. Kidney transplants should be considered as the treatment of choice for patients with end stage renal disease secondary to lupus nephritis.

Utilidad del test de la función sudomotora como instrumento clínico de clasificación de riesgo del paciente diabético

Una de las complicaciones más debilitantes de la Diabetes mellitus (DM) es la neuropatía diabética, siendo la polineuropatía diabética simétrica distal la forma más frecuente en pacientes con diabetes, y relacionada con un alto riesgo de ulceración del pie a causa de la pérdida de la sensibilidad. La neuropatía autónoma es un subtipo de neuropatía diabética que afecta a diferentes órganos y sistemas (digestivo, genitourinario, cardiovasculares, etc.) y su manifestación en los pies se refleja mediante una disfunción sudomotora y vasomotora. El diagnóstico clínico de la neuropatía se basa en la exploración del nervio lesionado, y las diferentes pruebas clínicas evalúan el tamaño (fibras grandes o pequeñas) o la función (autonómicas, fibras sensoriales o motoras) de las fibras nerviosas. En la práctica cotidiana, el examen clínico es la prueba de oro del diagnóstico de la neuropatía, sin embargo, a menudo es reconocida o diagnosticada de forma tardía. Las pruebas más utilizadas para la evaluación de la neuropatía sensorial son el monofilamento de Semmes-Weinstein 5.07-10g (MSW) y el biotensiómetro o diapasón de 28 Hz, que exploran las fibras largas mielinizadas A (tipos alfa y beta). Recientemente, se han descrito pruebas de diagnóstico de la función autonómica en base a la evaluación de la función sudomotora, mediante la aplicación de un parche indicador en la zona plantar del pie, para determinar la integridad simpática de la piel y la inervación colinérgica por fibras pequeñas tipo C no mielinizadas autonómicas. La principal utilidad del test de la función sudomotora (TFS) es su capacidad para reconocer los pacientes con neuropatía subclínica y establecer el riesgo de desarrollar una UPD de forma precoz...

Clínica médica e cirúrgica em animais de companhia

O presente relatório foi realizado no âmbito do Mestrado Integrado de Medicina Veteri-nária, estando divido em duas partes. A primeira parte refere-se à casuística acompanhada ao longo do estágio curricular, realizado no Centro Hospitalar Veterinário do Porto, no período de-corrido entre 1 de setembro de 2015 e 29 de fevereiro de 2016. A segunda parte engloba uma monografia sobre o tema “Cetoacidose Diabética em canídeos”, incluindo ainda o relato de três casos clínicos acompanhados no decorrer do estágio. A cetoacidose diabética (CAD) é uma complicação urgente do diabetes mellitus, ocorrendo principalmente em animais nunca antes tratados com insulina de longa ação. O diagnóstico de CAD passa pela anamnese, sinais clínicos e deteção de hiperglicemia severa, glicosúria e cetonúria. O diagnóstico e tratamento de doenças concomitantes constituem o passo mais desafiante. O prognóstico depende da severidade da acidose, das doenças concomitantes e das limitações financeiras dos proprietários; Abstract: Small Animal Practice This report was carried out for the completion of the Master degree in veterinary medicine and is divided in two parts. The first part includes the accompanied cases throughout the train-eeship, which was held at the Centro Hospitalar Veterinário of Porto, between September 1st 2015 and February 29th 2016. The second part includes a monograph on "Diabetic Ketoacidosis in dogs ", including the report of three clinical cases followed during the internship. Diabetic ke-toacidosis (DKA) is an urgent complication of diabetes mellitus, occurring mainly in animals that were never treated with long-action insulin. The diagnosis of DKA involves the history, clinical signs and detection of severe hyperglycemia, glycosuria and ketonuria. The diagnosis and treat-ment of concomitant diseases are the most challenging steps. The prognosis depends on the severity of acidosis and concomitant diseases, as well as the financial restrictions of the owners.