Experiences of participants in the field of food insecurity through the lens of Bourdieu's cultural capital : practical and theoretical explorations

Ce mémoire utilise des données qualitatives provenant d’entretiens semi-structurés pour examiner les ressources qu’utilisent les individus qui font face à l’insécurité alimentaire sous l’angle du capital culturel de Pierre Bourdieu. Les participants étaient choisis parmi les usagers des organismes alternatifs qui œuvrent en sécurité alimentaire à Montréal. Tous étaient en situation d’insécurité alimentaire. Des analyses inductives et déductives étaient exécutées. Seize indicateurs de la forme du capital culturel incorporée, et trois indicateurs de chacune des formes institutionnalisées et objectivées ont été trouvés à être reliés aux stratégies qu’utilisaient les répondants pour améliorer leur situation alimentaire. Cette recherche nous indique que le capital culturel individuel joue un rôle dans les stratégies utilisées, incluant la participation dans les organismes communautaires. De plus, un manque de capital approprié peut servir comme barrière à la participation dans certaines stratégies ce qui pourra avancer des réflexions sur la justesse et l’efficacité des stratégies actuelles.

Teenage technological experts : Bourdieu and the performance of expertise

This thesis explores the construction of technological expertise amongst a heterogenous group of New Zealand teenagers, specifically in regard to their home computer use, which for many of them is their primary site of leisure. This thesis explores the field in which these teenagers are positioned, and explains the practice constituting that field. In this field, the trajectories towards expertise are explained including the time, experimentation, and pleasure evident in their praxis. The qualitative study involved observations and interviews with eight teenagers aged 13 – 17. Five boys and three girls participated and each attended one of various secondary schools located within a provincial city in New Zealand. All of the participants considered themselves to be technological experts, and their peers and/or their family supported this comprehension. Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s socio-cultural theories, the capital (cultural, economic, social) and habitus of the teenagers are described (habitus being what makes them who they are, and continues to define who they are in the future). Chapter five centres on explaining the field the teenagers have positioned themselves in, namely the field of out-of-school leisure and home computer use. It also explores the construction and performance of technological expertise within the field. Chapter six examines traditional views of schooling and expertise, and contrasts these views with what the teenagers think about their learning and expertise. This gap is specifically explained with regard to differences between the concepts and value of learning, expertise, and technology, and how they are recognised and valued differently between generations. Chapter seven explores the praxis that the participants exhibit, which is arguably misrecognized by those whose interests are in the established order (e.g. institutional, societal structures). The field they are placed in is arguably part of the broader field of education, yet the findings suggest their capital is misrecognized by digital newcomers, and therefore not legitimated. This thesis concludes that the gap between teenager and adult understandings of expertise is exacerbated in the digital world in which the teenagers position themselves. Their schooling is mainly positioned in the print culture of previous generations and consequently, in the lives of these teenagers, schooling has had little influence on the development of their technological expertise. Additionally, gender has had little impact in their development of expertise; therefore stereotypical notions of female underachievement as computer experts are contested.

Bourdieu and educational research: thinking tools, relational thinking, beyond epistemological innocence

The main aim of this chapter is to provide an introduction to the theoretical work of Pierre Bourdieu, and to outline different ways in which Bourdieu’s work is influential and has been engaged with in education research and to suggest implicitly the usefulness of this work for educational researchers. In order to do this, we draw on a range of Bourdieu’s own writing published singly or with colleagues, emphasising in particular his engagements with education. Part of our treatment also deals with his wider writing that has subsequently been influential for education researchers, and in particular Bourdieu’s anthropological writing and account of practice (Bourdieu 1977, 1990), his approach to social class and cultural issues, his account of the judgement of taste and distinctions (Bourdieu, 1984), and his later politically focused writing (Bourdieu, 1989/1996, 2003, 2004c, 2005a).

As "Confrarias" como um Fenômeno Organizacional Brasileiro: Notas Etnográficas de um Aprendiz de Bourdieu

Over the last years we have seen a significant increase in scholarly production within the organization studies field in Brazil. However it is still not representative. The tendency to consume foreign and fashionable ideas unrestrainedly, to make use of imported, universal and non-contextualized explanations to inquiry phenomenon which are essentially local and particular, make it difficult to develop a true Brazilian tradition. This work is a result of an ambitious ethnographic adventure" of an acknowledged apprentice of sociologist Pierre Bourdieu's large body of knowledge. It is about taking reflexivity to the limit. It is about learning "through the body" in an effort - both theoretical and empirical - to investigate a Brazilian organizational phenomenon which reproduces the hierarchical side of our society and, under the disguise of the legitimacy offered by organizational discourse, help keeping the very structure of our society in a silent but powerful way. I also want this work to be an alert for the importance of contextualization as a means to avoid a recurring distortion of the scholarly production in administrative science: the mobilization of theoretical references in such a safe way that make explicitness totally unnecessary, the appropriation of concepts whose essence is strange to the nature of the very phenomenon which they aim to explain, and the insistence in the impersonal style, in third-voice narratives, as if it were possible to produce knowledge in social sciences with absolute impartiality. "

Wittgenstein e Bourdieu: diálogos para uma sociologia prática

The dialogue between philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein s notions and Pierre Bourdieu s sociological concepts related to social practice of language shows that the philosophy of language has an important influence on contemporary social theory. When we compare the ideas of these authors we discover that beyond the direct influences from the philosopher that the sociologist recognizes there are great parallelisms of thought. That is, Wittgenstein s pragmatic thought of the use of language does not concern only language, but also every socially built behavior. When we notice that the social and linguistic behavior are borne by the individual in a tacit way, that leads us to theorize about the prereflective dimension that builds human actions and even the habits of thought. The same processes allow the uses of language to build wider social practices. Besides, John Austin, one of Wittgenstein s disciples, and his speech acts theory, contribute with a way to reflecting on how language ressembles a concrete action. Finally, the linguistc therapy that Wittgenstein means to be his philosophical proposal is assimilated by Bourdieu, who takes it as one of the necessary topics of the sociological work

A pós-graduação em Ensino de Ciências no Brasil: uma leitura a partir da teoria de Bourdieu

Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC

A teoria de Pierre Bourdie : Habitus, campo social e capital cultural

Através dos conceitos de habitus, campo social de capital cultural este trabalho busca demonstrar a teoria de Pierre Bourdieu e sua importância na pesquisa sociológica. Sua construçao teórica entrelaça conceitos chave que se completam e se fundem num conjunto interdependente que faz com que a teoria da açao seja sempre viva e aplicável a realidades distintas. Uma teoria que pode ser utilizada pontualmente na análise de uma sociedade, na sua formaçao e constituiçao, no entendimento de seus agentes, seus valores e costumes. Partindo de suas experiências pessoais, guiado por sua intuiçao e dono de uma percepçao ímpar Bourdieu conseguiu instituir uma teoria sólida e racional que possibilita investigar, teorizar e entender as peculiaridades das sociedades, modos de vida e sistemas de pensamento. As diferenças entre os povos e as manifestaçoes culturais presentes no convívio humano foram construídas coletivamente e se perpetuam no tempo. Enquanto muitos falam da constante evoluçao e mutaçao do ser humano, Bourdieu coloca a construçao da personalidade individual vinculada aos preceitos e a ordenaçao arraigada dos modos de vida de cada sociedade e dos campos sociais nela existentes, bem como torna nítida a influência da escolarizaçao na formaçao do indivíduo social

Hacia una teoría crítica reflexiva : Una lectura sobre los aportes de Max Horkheimer y Pierre Bourdie

Este trabajo busca estudiar el posible diálogo entre la teoría crítica de Max Horkheimer y la sociología reflexiva elaborada por Pierre Bourdieu, en pos de encontrar allí materiales teóricos con los que construir una perspectiva crítica de nuestro presente. Así, la indagación en la "historia" de la teoría sociológica será el camino por el cual avanzar en la dirección "sistemática" que este escrito sigue. Si bien es dable hallar marcadas diferencias entre las perspectivas, éstas tienen lugar sobre la base de un cierto piso en común, lo cual permitirá señalar sus semejanzas pero, sobre todo, los puntos de conflicto entre ellas. Esto último constituye el objetivo central de la presente investigación: a partir de las cercanías de estas dos miradas críticas, tensionar a cada una de ellas a través de las categorías de la otra, y viceversa. Por eso este trabajo se enfoca sobre la noción de crítica que cada uno construye, o más específicamente, en los "fundamentos metódico-conceptuales" sobre los que se asientan sus perspectivas. Indagando las potencialidades que ellos le generan, pero también las limitacio nes que acarrean para la crítica. Limitaciones que, según aquí se sostiene, pueden dejarse atrás si se avanza por el camino del tenso entrelazamiento de las perspectivas de estos autores. Es decir: si se avanza hacia una teoría crítica reflexiva

Hacia una teoría crítica reflexiva : Una lectura sobre los aportes de Max Horkheimer y Pierre Bourdie

Este trabajo busca estudiar el posible diálogo entre la teoría crítica de Max Horkheimer y la sociología reflexiva elaborada por Pierre Bourdieu, en pos de encontrar allí materiales teóricos con los que construir una perspectiva crítica de nuestro presente. Así, la indagación en la "historia" de la teoría sociológica será el camino por el cual avanzar en la dirección "sistemática" que este escrito sigue. Si bien es dable hallar marcadas diferencias entre las perspectivas, éstas tienen lugar sobre la base de un cierto piso en común, lo cual permitirá señalar sus semejanzas pero, sobre todo, los puntos de conflicto entre ellas. Esto último constituye el objetivo central de la presente investigación: a partir de las cercanías de estas dos miradas críticas, tensionar a cada una de ellas a través de las categorías de la otra, y viceversa. Por eso este trabajo se enfoca sobre la noción de crítica que cada uno construye, o más específicamente, en los "fundamentos metódico-conceptuales" sobre los que se asientan sus perspectivas. Indagando las potencialidades que ellos le generan, pero también las limitacio nes que acarrean para la crítica. Limitaciones que, según aquí se sostiene, pueden dejarse atrás si se avanza por el camino del tenso entrelazamiento de las perspectivas de estos autores. Es decir: si se avanza hacia una teoría crítica reflexiva

A teoria de Pierre Bourdie : Habitus, campo social e capital cultural

Através dos conceitos de habitus, campo social de capital cultural este trabalho busca demonstrar a teoria de Pierre Bourdieu e sua importância na pesquisa sociológica. Sua construçao teórica entrelaça conceitos chave que se completam e se fundem num conjunto interdependente que faz com que a teoria da açao seja sempre viva e aplicável a realidades distintas. Uma teoria que pode ser utilizada pontualmente na análise de uma sociedade, na sua formaçao e constituiçao, no entendimento de seus agentes, seus valores e costumes. Partindo de suas experiências pessoais, guiado por sua intuiçao e dono de uma percepçao ímpar Bourdieu conseguiu instituir uma teoria sólida e racional que possibilita investigar, teorizar e entender as peculiaridades das sociedades, modos de vida e sistemas de pensamento. As diferenças entre os povos e as manifestaçoes culturais presentes no convívio humano foram construídas coletivamente e se perpetuam no tempo. Enquanto muitos falam da constante evoluçao e mutaçao do ser humano, Bourdieu coloca a construçao da personalidade individual vinculada aos preceitos e a ordenaçao arraigada dos modos de vida de cada sociedade e dos campos sociais nela existentes, bem como torna nítida a influência da escolarizaçao na formaçao do indivíduo social

A teoria de Pierre Bourdie : Habitus, campo social e capital cultural

Através dos conceitos de habitus, campo social de capital cultural este trabalho busca demonstrar a teoria de Pierre Bourdieu e sua importância na pesquisa sociológica. Sua construçao teórica entrelaça conceitos chave que se completam e se fundem num conjunto interdependente que faz com que a teoria da açao seja sempre viva e aplicável a realidades distintas. Uma teoria que pode ser utilizada pontualmente na análise de uma sociedade, na sua formaçao e constituiçao, no entendimento de seus agentes, seus valores e costumes. Partindo de suas experiências pessoais, guiado por sua intuiçao e dono de uma percepçao ímpar Bourdieu conseguiu instituir uma teoria sólida e racional que possibilita investigar, teorizar e entender as peculiaridades das sociedades, modos de vida e sistemas de pensamento. As diferenças entre os povos e as manifestaçoes culturais presentes no convívio humano foram construídas coletivamente e se perpetuam no tempo. Enquanto muitos falam da constante evoluçao e mutaçao do ser humano, Bourdieu coloca a construçao da personalidade individual vinculada aos preceitos e a ordenaçao arraigada dos modos de vida de cada sociedade e dos campos sociais nela existentes, bem como torna nítida a influência da escolarizaçao na formaçao do indivíduo social

Hacia una teoría crítica reflexiva : Una lectura sobre los aportes de Max Horkheimer y Pierre Bourdie

Este trabajo busca estudiar el posible diálogo entre la teoría crítica de Max Horkheimer y la sociología reflexiva elaborada por Pierre Bourdieu, en pos de encontrar allí materiales teóricos con los que construir una perspectiva crítica de nuestro presente. Así, la indagación en la "historia" de la teoría sociológica será el camino por el cual avanzar en la dirección "sistemática" que este escrito sigue. Si bien es dable hallar marcadas diferencias entre las perspectivas, éstas tienen lugar sobre la base de un cierto piso en común, lo cual permitirá señalar sus semejanzas pero, sobre todo, los puntos de conflicto entre ellas. Esto último constituye el objetivo central de la presente investigación: a partir de las cercanías de estas dos miradas críticas, tensionar a cada una de ellas a través de las categorías de la otra, y viceversa. Por eso este trabajo se enfoca sobre la noción de crítica que cada uno construye, o más específicamente, en los "fundamentos metódico-conceptuales" sobre los que se asientan sus perspectivas. Indagando las potencialidades que ellos le generan, pero también las limitacio nes que acarrean para la crítica. Limitaciones que, según aquí se sostiene, pueden dejarse atrás si se avanza por el camino del tenso entrelazamiento de las perspectivas de estos autores. Es decir: si se avanza hacia una teoría crítica reflexiva

Bourdieu and doing policy sociology in education

Despite Bourdieu having written nothing explicitly about education policy, the chapter argues the usefulness of his social theory to doing policy analysis in education within a policy sociology frame. The chapter draws on Bourdieu's 'thinking tools', including the concepts of habitus, capitals, fields and practice, which sit in a synergistic relationship with each other, and applies them to an approach for doing education policy analysis. It then considers the education policy field, logics of practice of different fields in relation to the policy cycle, policy habitus, and the emergent global education policy field.

Departing from the virtual community : a discussion of the ways and means to uncover localised order in online games

This paper is part one of a three part study into the collective regulation processes of players in massive multiplayer online games (MMOG). Traditionally game playing has not been classed as problematic, however with introduction of new media technologies and new ways to play games, certain contexts have become obscure, namely the localised order of ‘playing online’ or how players manage and maintain order between each other as opposed to ‘following the rules’. Principally this paper will examine concepts of ‘virtual community’. These will be illustrated as particularly unhelpful when considering how people conduct themselves in these spaces. Thus, ‘virtual community’ will be seen as critical in implicating various online behaviours as superior to other online behaviours causing obscurity and blurring actions. This obscurity is grounded by strong associations in the virtual community as logic of practise in and of itself; behaviours that fall outside this category become common sense and as such are made invisible for investigation. This paper will draw upon the theories of Basil Bernstein and Pierre Bourdieu to produce a distinction between online behaviours and ultimately make them visible for further investigation. In doing so this paper seeks to form a basis for future research where interaction in these spaces can be identified as belonging to a certain framework to inform the design of online games and applications more effectively.