Political Education in Plural Societies: Using the Anti-Bias Approach to Challenge Oppression in Bombay and Berlin

This study addresses the effectivity of the Anti-Bias approach and training methodology as a pedagogical political strategy to challenge oppression among student groups in the cities of Bombay and Berlin. The Anti-Bias trainings conducted within the framework of this study also become the medium through which the perpetuation of oppressive structures by students within and outside the school is investigated. Empirical data from predominantly qualitative investigations in four secondary schools, two each in Bombay and Berlin, is studied and analysed on the basis of theoretical understandings of prejudice, discrimination and identity. This study builds on insights offered by previous research on prejudices and evaluations of anti-bias and diversity interventions, where the lack of sufficient research and thorough evaluations testing impact has been identified (Levy Paluck, 2006). The theoretical framework suggests that prejudices and discriminatory practices are learnt and performed by individuals over the years by way of pre-existing discourses, and that behaviour and practices can be unlearnt through a multi-step process. It proposes that the discursive practices of students contribute to the constitution of their viable selves and in the constitution of ‘others’. Drawing on this framework, the study demonstrates how student-subjects in Bombay and Berlin perpetuate oppressive discourses by performing their identities and performing identities onto ‘others’. Such performative constitution opens up the agency of the individual, disclosing the shifting and dynamic nature of identities. The Anti-Bias approach is posited as an alternative to oppressive discourses and a vehicle that encourages and assists the agency of individuals. The theoretical framework, which brings together a psychological approach to prejudice, a structural approach to discrimination and a poststructural approach to identity, facilitates the analysis of the perpetuation of dominant discourses by the students, as well as how they negotiate their way through familiar norms and discourses. Group discussions and interviews a year after the respective trainings serve to evaluate the agency of the students and the extent to which the training impacted on their perceptions, attitudes and behavioural practices. The study reveals the recurrence of the themes race, religion, gender and sexuality in the representational practices of the students groups in Berlin and Bombay. It demonstrates how students in this study not only perform, but also negotiate and resist oppressive structures. Of particular importance is the role of the school: When schools offer no spaces for discussion, debate and action on contemporary social issues, learning can neither be put into practice nor take on a positive, transformative form. In such cases, agency and resistance is limited and interventionist actions yield little. This study reports the potential of the Anti-Bias approach and training as a tool of political education and action in education. It demonstrates that a single training can initiate change but sustaining change requires long-term strategies and on-going actions. Taking a poststructural perspective, it makes concrete suggestions to adapt and alter the Anti-Bias approach and the implementation of Anti-Bias trainings.

The fall of the Berlin wall.

Se narra la caída del muro de Berlín, que había separado la ciudad en dos, y el fin de la división de Alemania tras la derrota de las fuerzas de Hitler en la Segunda Guerra Mundial. También, se explican los acontecimientos históricos y políticos que propiciaron tanto su construcción en 1961 como su derrumbamiento en 1989.

Economic and political influences on urban planning: a comparison of London, Paris and Berlin

This paper addressed the degree of autonomy experienced by the planning regimes of London, Paris and Berlin. What variation exists in the governance of these cities and how do national, local, political, business and community interests effect planning decisions? The discussion is placed in the context of the literature on world cities and growth coalitions and the debate over whether economic forces compel cities to follow similar strategies. The paper concludes that in the case of the three cities examined there is considerable variation of planning approach due to different historical, cultural and political factors.

Catalogue of the type material of Neriidae (Diptera, Schizophora) in the collection of the Museum fur Naturkunde Berlin, Germany

The Diptera collection of the Natural History Museum Berlin holds one of the most important collections of Neriidae. In this paper, the type specimens (holotypes, lectotypes, paratypes, paralectotypes, syntypes) of this historical collection are listed. 28 species-group taxa are dealt with. A lectotype designation is made for the species Brachantichir purpusianus Enderlein, 1922 in order to fix the identity of the name. Holotypes are recognized by monotypy of the species Chaetomeristes bullatus Enderlein, 1922; Chaetomeristes peruanus Enderlein, 1922; Derocephalus angusticollis Enderlein, 1922; Glyphidops limbatus Enderlein, 1922; Longina abdominalis Wiedemann, 1830; Loxozus clavicornis Enderlein, 1922; Oncopsia mexicana Enderlein, 1922; Paranerius fibulatus Enderlein, 1922; Telostylinus dahli Enderlein, 1922; Telostylus latibrachium Enderlein, 1922; and Telostylinus luridus Enderlein, 1922. Syntypes are labelled and listed for Brachantichir robusta Enderlein, 1922; Nerius terebratus Enderlein, 1922; Odontoloxozus punctulatus Enderlein, 1922; Telostylinus apicalis Enderlein, 1922; Telostylinus obscuratus Enderlein, 1922; and Telostylinus ornatipennis Enderlein, 1922. The account concludes with geographic and taxonomic summaries; an appendix listing the abbreviations, localities, and collectors cited in the text; and a bibliography. ((c) 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Progetto per Berlin am Rupenhorn

Le analisi condotte hanno come scopo quello di costruire un percorso logico di lettura critica sullo sviluppo urbano di una delle più grandi metropoli al mondo.

L'ultima propaganda. Proposta di sottotitolaggio del notiziario "1. Mai 1989" e del documentario "Berlin - Hauptstadt der DDR"

Dal 1949 al 1989 la Germania dovette fare i conti con le conseguenze della 2^ guerra mondiale e della guerra fredda, che portarono alla spaccatura ideologica e geografica del paese. La Repubblica Democratica Tedesca, costruita su modello del socialismo dell’Urss, era guidata dal partito della SED, che esercitò il proprio predominio sociale, politico ed economico sulla popolazione e sull’opinione pubblica, servendosi di mezzi sottili di influenza e di controllo e, non da ultimo, del linguaggio. Il progetto di questa tesi si basa sull’analisi e il sottotitolaggio di un notiziario del telegiornale della Germania Est, Aktuelle Kamera, e di un documentario prodotto dalla DEFA, l’impresa tedesco-orientale addetta alla produzione di film, con l’obiettivo di approfondire lo studio della propaganda degli ultimi anni di vita della RDT, che, grazie al controllo di tutti i mezzi di comunicazione, indottrinava i cittadini a una visione socialista del mondo e giustificava le scelte del governo. Attraverso il filtro cinematografico si possono delineare le caratteristiche della società tedesca orientale, che, pur sotto l’influenza sovietica, presentava una propria identità e cultura. Nel primo capitolo di questo elaborato verrà presentato il quadro storico di riferimento, ripercorrendo le tappe salienti che portarono alla formazione delle due Germanie e l’evoluzione sociale e politica della RDT; nel secondo capitolo ci si concentrerà sul sistema della propaganda creato dal regime con particolare attenzione al ruolo delle istituzioni, dei media e degli intellettuali. Inoltre si farà accenno all’opera di censura, al delicato mondo del consenso/dissenso e al Ministero della Sicurezza di Stato. Infine, nel terzo e ultimo capitolo verranno presentati i due documenti sottotitolati (il notiziario “1. Mai 1989” e il documentario “Berlin – die Hauptstadt der DDR”) e, basandosi su esempi concreti, verranno analizzate le strategie traduttive messe in atto durante la fase di traduzione.