La Suisse : carte itinéraire projeté sur les messures trigonometriques les plus nouvelles et d'après les meilleurs sources avec le plan des villes de Berne, Bâle, Zurich, Genéve, Lausanne et la Chaux de Fonds = Die Schweiz : besonders für die Reisende nach den neuesten trigonometrischen Vermessungen u. den besten Quellen entworfen mit den Plänen von Bern, Basel, Zürich, Genf, Lausanne, la Chaux de Fonds

Kartta kuuluu A. E. Nordenskiöldin kokoelmaan

Influence of exercise modality on agreement between gas exchange and heart rate variability thresholds

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the level of agreement between the gas exchange threshold (GET) and heart rate variability threshold (HRVT) during maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) using three different exercise modalities. A further aim was to establish whether there was a 1:1 relationship between the percentage heart rate reserve (%HRR) and percentage oxygen uptake reserve (%V˙O2R) at intensities corresponding to GET and HRVT. Sixteen apparently healthy men 17 to 28 years of age performed three maximal CPETs (cycling, walking, and running). Mean heart rate and V˙O2 at GET and HRVT were 16 bpm (P<0.001) and 5.2 mL·kg-1·min-1 (P=0.001) higher in running than cycling, but no significant differences were observed between running and walking, or cycling and walking (P>0.05). There was a strong relationship between GET and HRVT, with R2 ranging from 0.69 to 0.90. A 1:1 relationship between %HRR and %V˙O2R was not observed at GET and HRVT. The %HRR was higher during cycling (GET mean difference=7%; HRVT mean difference=11%; both P<0.001), walking (GET mean difference=13%; HRVT mean difference=13%; both P<0.001), or running (GET mean difference=11%; HRVT mean difference=10%; both P<0.001). Therefore, using HRVT to prescribe aerobic exercise intensity appears to be valid. However, to assume a 1:1 relationship between %HRR and %V˙O2R at HRVT would probably result in overestimation of the energy expenditure during the bout of exercise.

Green Service Level Agreement under Sustainability Lens in IT Industry

Nowadays, when most of the business are moving forward to sustainability by providing or getting different services from different vendors, Service Level Agreement (SLA) becomes very important for both the business providers/vendors and as well as for users/customers. There are many ways to inform users/customers about various services with its inherent execution functionalities and even non-functional/Quality of Services (QoS) aspects through negotiating, evaluating or monitoring SLAs. However, these traditional SLA actually do not cover eco-efficient green issues or IT ethics issues for sustainability. That is why green SLA (GSLA) should come into play. GSLA is a formal agreement incorporating all the traditional commitments as well as green issues and ethics issues in IT business sectors. GSLA research would survey on different traditional SLA parameters for various services like as network, compute, storage and multimedia in IT business areas. At the same time, this survey could focus on finding the gaps and incorporation of these traditional SLA parameters with green issues for all these mentioned services. This research is mainly points on integration of green parameters in existing SLAs, defining GSLA with new green performance indicators and their measurable units. Finally, a GSLA template could define compiling all the green indicators such as recycling, radio-wave, toxic material usage, obsolescence indication, ICT product life cycles, energy cost etc for sustainable development. Moreover, people’s interaction and IT ethics issues such as security and privacy, user satisfaction, intellectual property right, user reliability, confidentiality etc could also need to add for proposing a new GSLA. However, integration of new and existing performance indicators in the proposed GSLA for sustainable development could be difficult for ICT engineers. Therefore, this research also discovers the management complexity of proposed green SLA through designing a general informational model and analyses of all the relationships, dependencies and effects between various newly identified services under sustainability pillars. However, sustainability could only be achieved through proper implementation of newly proposed GSLA, which largely depends on monitoring the performance of the green indicators. Therefore, this research focuses on monitoring and evaluating phase of GSLA indicators through the interactions with traditional basic SLA indicators, which would help to achieve proper implementation of future GSLA. Finally, this newly proposed GSLA informational model and monitoring aspects could definitely help different service providers/vendors to design their future business strategy in this new transitional sustainable society.

BASEL III:N VAIKUTUKSET PANKKITOIMINTAAN. Tarkastelussa vakavaraisuus-, lisäpääoma- ja likviditeettivaatimukset

Basel III on pankkeja sääntelevä standardisto, jonka vaatimukset perustuvat finanssikriisin (2007– 2008) aikana huomattujen sääntelypuutteiden korjaamiseen. Basel III:n vaatimusten käyttöönotto tapahtuu asteittain siirtymäsäännösten avulla vuosien 2013–2019 välillä. Tässä tutkielmassa tarkastellaan erityisesti pankkien omien varojen hallintaan liittyviä Basel III:n mukaisten vakavaraisuus-, lisäpääoma- ja likviditeettivaatimusten vaikutuksia pankkitoimintaan. Nämä vaatimukset ovat merkittävä uudistus verrattuna aikaisempaan Basel II -standardistoon, sillä Basel III:n myötä vakavaraisuusvaatimukset kiristyivät merkittävästi, minkä lisäksi lisäpääoma-, ja likviditeettivaatimukset otettiin Basel III:een kokonaan uusina vaatimuksina. Tämän tutkielman tarkoituksena on selvittää, miten Basel III:n mukaiset vakavaraisuus-, lisäpääoma- ja likviditeettivaatimukset vaikuttavat pankkitoimintaan. Teoriaosiossa tarkastellaan kyseisiä Basel III:n vaatimuksia yleisesti. Vastaavasti empiirisessä osiossa tarkastellaan asiantuntijoiden näkemyksiä kyseisten vaatimusten vaikutuksista pankkitoimintaan. Asiantuntijoina tässä tutkielmassa on haastateltu kolmen Suomessa toimivan pankkikonsernin pääekonomisteja ja muita asiantuntijoita, sekä Suomen Pankin ja Finanssivalvonnan asiantuntijoita. Tämän tutkielman asiantuntijahaastatteluista ilmeni erityisesti, että Basel III:n vakavaraisuus-, lisäpääoma- ja likviditeettivaatimukset vaikuttavat pankkitoimintaan kolmella tavalla. Ensimmäisenä vaikutukset kohdistuvat koko rahaprosessiin. Rahaprosessilla tarkoitetaan tässä yhteydessä kaikkea pankin omien varojen hallintaa sekä tilinpäätöksestä ilmeneviä eriä. Toiseksi kyseiset vaatimukset aiheuttavat seurannaisvaikutuksia, jotka ilmenevät esimerkiksi pankkien myöntämän ja saaman rahoituksen hinnassa. Kolmanneksi, erityisesti tutkielman empiirisen osion haastatteluissa korostui näkemys siitä, että vakavaraisuuden asettuminen tietylle tasolle on lopulta pankkien strateginen päätös kun lainsäädännön asettamat minimivaatimukset on täytetty.

Political economy of preferential trade agreement: the case of bilateral asymmetric negotiation

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the political economy of preferential trade agreements based on a sequential non-cooperative Stackelberg political game between a large economy and a small one, in which the political dispute of rival lobby groups defines the unilateral stance of both governments in the first stage; and the Stackelberg "coalition-proof" equilibrium defines the free trade agreement format in the second stage. Finally, a few modifications in the initial game structure are discussed in order to enhance the small economy's negotiation power. The political economy model is applied to FTAA case.

2003 AUCC Agreement

Scanned PDF of original document

Collective Labour Agreement between the Public Utilities Commission of the City of St. Catharines and Local 556, The International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, 1952

In 1952, Local 556 of The International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers negotiated a contract with The Public Utilities Commission of the City of St. Catharines. The contract was to be in effect from July 1952 to September 1953. The document is unsigned.

Sales Agreement - July 30th, 1851

A sales agreement between Alexander Lattimore of Wainfleet and John Gordon of Gravelly Bay to William Cowan of Dunville, sale of a scow called "Welland", July 30th 1851.

Draft News Release - Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement

A News Release draft to be sent to "100 newspapers, radio and television stations (virtually all those with offices within 20 miles of the Lakes), make them available to the Press Gallery, special interest groups, trade publication and Mayors etc. of Great Lake-side communities". The release discusses the need for an upgrade to "the 1972 Canada-U.S. Great Lakes Water Quality agreement". Within the document, O'Sullivan is quoted that the agreement "should be upgraded to become a treaty with the United States, so that after all the effort which has already been put into tyring to clean up the Great Lakes we the provision which provides for cancellation by either party giving twelve months (notice) to do so". The total report is 61 pages in length.

Indenture of Agreement for Sale of Land between Samuel Woodruff to Calvin and Ezekiel Cudney

Indenture of Agreement for Sale of Land between Samuel Woodruff of St. Catharines to Calvin and Ezekiel Cudney of the Township of Niagara regarding a footpath and parts of the lots 9 and 10 on the Welland River (78 acres), Oct. 30, 1883.

Indenture of Agreement for Sale of Land between Samuel Woodruff to Calvin and Ezekiel Cudney

Indenture of Agreement for Sale of Land between Samuel Woodruff of St. Catharines to Calvin and Ezekiel Cudney of the Township of Niagara. This is a copy of the previous document but there is an additional note on this document about an “agreement for cutting timber”. This is signed by S.D. Woodruff, Jan. 1885.