201 resultados para Bale


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On spine: Hearne's Ann. Edvardi II, 1729.

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Mode of access: Internet.

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Mode of access: Internet.

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Mode of access: Internet.

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Mode of access: Internet.

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Mode of access: Internet.

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v. 1. Ortiz de Urbina, I. Nicée et Constantinople.--v. 2. Camelot, T. Ephèse et Chalcédoine.--v. 3. Murphy, F.-X.and Sherwood, P. Constantinople II and Constantinople III.--v. 4. Nicée II.--v. 5. Constantinople IV.--v. 6. Foreville, R. Latran I, II, III, et Latran IV.--v. 7. Lyon I et Lyon II.--v. 8. Lecler, J. Vienne.--v. 9. Gill, J. Constance et Bale-Florence.--v. 10. Latran V et Trente.--v. 11. Lecler, J. [et al.] Trente.--v. 12. Aubert, R. Vatican I.

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Research on political parties has long identified “environmental” pressures upon parties to undertake organisational and programmatic reforms – this applies in particular to “catch-all” parties or Volksparteien. Changed social and media structures, the decline of organisations traditionally associated with the parties, and the growth in alternative possibilities of political participation create significant organisational – as well as programmatic – challenges. This paper compares the German CDU and the British Conservatives in two respects: in particular it focuses on their organisational responses to the election defeats they suffered at the end of the 1990s, examining those reforms which took place and consider whether these match the expectations of organisational reforms anticipated by proponents of the “cartel party thesis”. While in both cases there are similarities, but (in particular in the German case) it is important not to understate the extent of internal party resistance to reform, and thus the difficulties with which aspiring party reformers are confronted. This conclusion suggests, more broadly, that in reality the process of party change is more than an almost automatic, isomorphic, and inevitable response to a changing environment. Rather it is punctuated, messy, and often contingent on events and agents.

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We propose a novel mode-locked fiber laser design that relies on attracting similariton solutions in fiber amplifiers with normal group-velocity dispersion and strong spectral filtering to compensate increased pulse duration and bandwidth. Stable high-energy, large-bandwidth pulses are obtained that can be linearly compressed, resulting in ultrashort pulses.

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We extend the theory of dispersion-managed solitons to dissipative systems with a focus on mode-locked fiber lasers. Dissipative structures exist at high map strengths, leading to the generation of stable, short pulses with high energy. Two types of intramap pulse evolution are observed depending on the net cavity dispersion. These are characterized by a reduced model, and semianalytical solutions are obtained.

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We develop a perturbation analysis that describes the effect of third-order dispersion on the similariton pulse solution of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation in a fibre gain medium. The theoretical model predicts with sufficient accuracy the pulse structural changes induced, which are observed through direct numerical simulations.

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A theoretical model is developed which characterizes the intracavity pulse evolutions in high-power fiber lasers. It is shown that experimentally observed dynamics of the key pulse parameters can be described by a reduced model of ordinary differential equations. Critical in driving the intracavity dynamics is the amplitude and phase modulations generated by the discrete elements in the laser. The theory gives a simple geometrical description of the intracavity dynamics and possible operation modes of the laser cavity. Furthermore, it provides a simple and efficient method for optimizing the performance of complex multiparametric laser systems.

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We propose a new method for the generation of both triangular-shaped optical pulses and flat-top, coherent supercontinuum spectra using the effect of fourth-order dispersion on parabolic pulses in a passive, normally dispersive highly nonlinear fiber. The pulse reshaping process is described qualitatively and is compared to numerical simulations.