Elevated levels of plasma osteoprotegerin are associated with all-cause mortality risk and atherosclerosis in patients with stages 3 to 5 chronic kidney disease

Osteoprotegerin (OPG) regulates bone mass by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and activation, and plays a role in vascular calcification. We evaluated the relationship between osteoprotegerin levels and inflammatory markers, atherosclerosis, and mortality in patients with stages 3-5 chronic kidney disease. A total of 145 subjects (median age 61 years, 61% men; 36 patients on hemodialysis, 55 patients on peritoneal dialysis, and 54 patients with stages 3-5 chronic kidney disease) were studied. Clinical characteristics, markers of mineral metabolism (including fibroblast growth factor-23 [FGF-23]) and inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP] and interleukin-6 [IL-6]), and the intima-media thickness (IMT) in the common carotid arteries were measured at baseline. Cardiac function was assessed by color tissue Doppler echocardiography. After 36 months follow-up, the survival rate by Kaplan-Meier analysis was significantly different according to OPG levels (&#967;2=14.33; P=0.002). Increased OPG levels were positively associated with IL-6 (r=0.38, P<0.001), FGF-23 (r=0.26, P<0.001) and hsCRP (r=0.0.24, P=0.003). In addition, OPG was positively associated with troponin I (r=0.54, P<0.001) and IMT (r=0.39, P<0.0001). Finally, in Cox analysis, only OPG (HR=1.07, 95%CI=1.02-1.13) and hsCRP (HR=1.02, 95%CI=1.01-1.04) were independently associated with increased risk of death. These results suggested that elevated levels of serum OPG might be associated with atherosclerosis and all-cause mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Histoire de France. 1-5, [Livres 1-5, 1-1461]. III. [1270-1380.] - 1837 / Jules Michelet

Collection : Histoire de France

Webs educativas con Joomla 1.5.

Este material ofrece unas herramientas para la mejora de la p��gina web del centro educativo. La web del centro ha de dirigirse no s��lo hacia la comunidad docente, sino tambi��n hacia los alumnos y familias, as�� como ha de ser un reflejo de la vida diaria del mismo. Que est�� actualizada y, adem��s, se convierta en un instrumento de apoyo a la acci��n educativa, donde el profesorado pueda colgar contenidos y materiales con los cuales los alumnos puedan trabajar en casa es labor que puede facilitar un gestor de contenidos web. En este Cd-Rom se desarrollan soluciones basadas en Joomla 1.5. El contenido se organiza en tres cap��tulos: 1) Instalaci��n, configuraci��n y desarrollo de un sitio web con Joomla 1.5, dirigido principalmente a los Coordinadores de Nuevas Tecnolog��as; 2) Manual del publicador en Joomla 1.5, cuyo objetivo es dar autonom��a en la publicaci��n a cualquier profesor que quiera participar en el desarrollo y actualizaci��n de la web; y 3) Herramientas del publicador o del profesor, con instrucciones b��sicas de trabajo con archivos (siempre programas libres o gratuitos).

Estudi sobre les pors de les nines i els nins d'entre 3 i 5 anys : treball d'investigaci��. 'Estudio sobre los miedos de las ni��as y ni��os de entre 3 y 5 a��os : trabajo de investigaci��n'.

Resum

Edebits infantil : jugant a aprendre 3 a 5 anys. 'Edebits infantil : jugando a aprender 3 a 5 a��os'.

Este cd presenta una propuesta educativa para la educaci��n infantil. Integra contenidos b��sicos de las ��reas de matem��ticas y lengua para los 3, 4, y 5 a��os. Contiene juegos y actividades clasificadas en funci��n del grado de dificultad que presentan.

Estimulaci��n temprana de la inteligencia (de 3 a 5 a��os) : gu��a did��ctica Sapientec para el profesor.

Se trata de una gu��a dirigida a los profesores cuyo objetivo es facilitar su labor educativa. Se proponen pautas educacionales de contrastada eficacia mediante la aplicaci��n del m��todo Sapientec, que pretende potenciar a trav��s de la realizaci��n de diversas actividades la inteligencia inductiva; la inteligencia deductiva; la ling����stica, la matem��tica y la inteligencia espacial, de los m��s peque��os. El profesor, ejercita diversas destrezas que se complementar��n con las fichas del Libro Sapientec para los alumnos de Educaci��n Infantil. A trav��s de juegos, canciones y diferentes actividades de interactuaci��n del profesor con los ni��os, los alumnos, aprender��n habilidades como la elaboraci��n del pan, el desarrollo de un cuento, la invenci��n de una canci��n o aprender poco a poco a contar.

Gifted and talented in the early years : practical activities for children aged 3 to 5.

En este manual se orienta c��mo identificar a los ni��os superdotados y talentosos en educaci��n infantil y c��mo pueden usarse los recursos existentes para ayudarles a progresar en su aprendizaje, y a todos los ni��os a beneficiarse de los innovadores enfoques del aprendizaje. Considera cuatro ��reas curriculares, desarrollo de movimiento f��sico-motor, m��sica, lenguaje y matem��ticas. Incluye ideas para actividades que pueden utilizarse como aparecen o pueden ser adaptadas y desarrolladas seg��n las disposiciones individuales, res��menes de ideas final de cada cap��tulo, glosario.

Un estudio longitudinal sobre la influencia del nacimiento de un hermano en la calidad de apego y la autonom��a personal en ni��os de 3 a 5 a��os.

Resumen tomado de la publicaci��n. Ap��ndices

Cotxe de r��dio control basat en un F��rmula 1 a escala 1/5

L���objecte d���aquest projecte ��s dissenyar un Renault R26 de F��rmula 1 a escala 1/5 capa�� de c��rrer i realitzar les accions pr��pies d���un cotxe, de forma teledirigida. La carrosseria, el tipus de suspensions i xass��s seran el m��s semblant possible al cotxe real i estar�� propulsat amb un motor de combusti�� interna de 2 temps

(Diethyleneglycol dimethyl ether)tris(1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoropentane-2,4-dionato)praseodymium(III)

The title compound, [Pr(C5HF6O2)(3)(C6H14O3)] or [Pr(hfpd)(3)(2g)], was prepared by the reaction of PrCl3.7H(2)O and hfpd-H (1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafiuoropentane-2,4-dione) in the presence of aqueous ammonia and recrystallization of the product from n-hexane in the presence of diglyme (2g). The metal atom is nine-coordinate, bonded to three bidentate beta-diketonato ligands and the polyether molecule.

Infrared emissions, visible up-conversion, thermoluminescence and defect centres in Er(3)Al(5)O(12) phosphor obtained by solution combustion reaction

The Er(3)Al(5)O(12) phosphor powders were prepared using the solution combustion method. Formation and homogeneity of the Er(3)Al(5)O(12) phosphor powders have been verified by X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis respectively. The frequency up-conversion from Er(3)Al(5)O(12) phosphor powder corresponding to the (2)H(9/2) -> (4)I(15/2), (2)H(11/2) -> (4)I(15/2), (4)S(3/2) -> (4)I(15/2), (4)F(9/2) -> (4)I(15/2) and the infrared emission (IR) due to the (4)I(13/2) -> (4)I(15/2) transitions lying at similar to 410, similar to 524, similar to 556, 645-680 nm and at similar to 1.53 mu m respectively upon excitation with a Ti-Sapphire pulsed/CW laser have been reported. The mechanism responsible for the frequency up-conversion and IR emission is discussed in detail. Defect centres induced by radiation were studied using the techniques of thermoluminescence and electron spin resonance. A single glow peak at 430A degrees C is observed and the thermoluminescence results show the presence of a defect center which decays at high temperature. Electron spin resonance studies indicate a center characterized by a g-factor equal to 2.0056 and it is observed that this center is not related to the thermoluminescence peak. A negligibly small concentration of cation and anion vacancies appears to be present in the phosphor in accordance with the earlier theoretical predictions.

Infrared emission and defect centres in Er and Yb codoped Y(3)Al(5)O(12) phosphors

YAG phosphor powders doped/codoped with Er(3+)/(Er(3+) + Yb(3+)) have been synthesised by using the solution combustion method. The effect of direct pumping into the (4)I(11/2) level under 980 nm excitation of doped/codoped Er(3+)/Yb(3+)-Er(3+) in Y(3)Al(5)O(12) (YAG) phosphor responsible for an infrared (IR) emission peaking at similar to 1.53 mu m corresponding to the (4)I(13/2)->(4)I(15/2) transition has been studied. YAG exhibits three thermally-stimulated luminescence (TSL) peaks at around 140A degrees C, 210A degrees C and 445A degrees C. Electron spin resonance (ESR) studies were carried out to identify the centres responsible for the TSL peaks. The room temperature ESR spectrum of irradiated phosphor appears to be a superposition of two distinct centres. One of the centres (centre I) with principal g-value 2.0176 is identified as O(-) ion, while centre II with an isotropic g-factor 2.0020 is assigned to an F(+) centre (singly ionised oxygen vacancy). An additional defect centre is observed during thermal-annealing experiments and this centre (assigned to F(+) centre) seems to originate from an F-centre (oxygen vacancy with two electrons) and these two centres appear to correlate with the observed high-temperature TSL peak in YAG phosphor.

Synthesis, molecular structure and physicochemical properties of bis(3 `-azido-3 `-deoxythymidin-5 `-yl) carbonate

3`-Azido-3`-deoxythymidine (zidovudine, AZT), a synthetic analog of natural nucleoside thymidine, has been used extensively in AIDS treatments. We report here the synthesis. X-ray crystal and molecular structure, NMR, IR and Raman spectra and the thermal behavior of a novel carbonate of AZT [(AZT-O)(2)C=O], prepared by the reaction of zidovudine with carbonyldiimidazole. The carbonate compound, C(21)H(24)N(10)O(9), crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P4(1)2(1)2 with a = b = 15.284(1), c = 21.695(1) angstrom, and Z = 8 molecules per unit cell. It consists of two AZT moieties of closely related conformations which are bridged by a carbonyl group to adopt a folded Z-like shape. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.