Coro Infanto-juvenil nos grupos corais do Projeto Guri (Regional Ribeirão Preto): repertório e formação do regente (educador musical)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O papel da Universidade Aberta à Terceira Idade na educação ambiental

Population aging and environmental protection have gained special importance after the economic, demographic and social recent changes. The objective of this paper was to promote theoretical and reflective review with emphasis on convergence between sustainable development and educational activities promoted by the University of the Third Age. We conducted a literature review to give full articles from the descriptors: aged, sustainable development indicators and environmental protection, published in English, Spanish and Portuguese, between January 1994 and June 2014, in national and international journals on the basis LiIlacs, Bireme and Medline. We used systematic data collection for sample analysis. The results indicate that the University of the Third Age develops teaching, research and extension, through actions based on aging and educational assumptions. In this context, environmental education is presented as a pedagogical process capable of awakening the critical capacity of the elderly, making it active social worker and leading him to a cultural design which ensures establishment of sustainable harmonious relationship with nature. It was concluded that the University of the Third Age contributes to initiatives that emphasize the relationships between systems and economic processes or social and natural processes, generating the construction of social values, knowledge, skills, attitudes and skills aimed at the conservation of the environment.

A narrativa transmídia como proposta metodologia para a educação de ensino médio: um modelo aplicado

Pós-graduação em Televisão Digital: Informação e Conhecimento - FAAC

Per un'indagine comparata della relazione voce-movimento nel performer

The present study investigates the principles that effect the relationship between voice and movement in performance. The topic stresses a contemporary tendency, which emerges from the work of numerous artits and looks into a research field that has not yet been well explored. The research arises from what I observed and experienced during my performance practical work and what I deepened after theorical studies: expression through movement and voice reflects constant principles. The first two chapters of the former study analyze the compared lines of the inquiry, from a theoretical point of view (interior and exterior voice-movement spatial patterns, and temporal patterns) and a practical point of view referring to body, action and relation. The third one is a survey on 'vocal gesture' as devised by Francesca della Monica, a topic that finds here the first academic investigation, built after nine years sudies with the artist on the oral sources of her teaching. The research is based on practical and theorical sources (especially philosophical studies of Giovanni Piana, Carlo Serra, Merleau-Ponty; performing studies of Grotowski, Laban, Dalcroze, Tomatis; ancient greek philosophy and literature; bodywork tecqniques as Kineseology, Body-mind centering, Alexander, Feldenkrais). The purpose of the study is to theorize, sistematyze and expose clear lines of compared investigation awakening the performer's interest on a central issue of his work and drawing the researcher's attention to make further focusing on the matter. Abstract (Italian) La ricerca va incontro a una tendenza che la contemporaneità pone in risalto con l'opera di numerosi artisti, investigando un campo ancora poco visitato a livello critico. Essa teorizza, sistematizza ed espone le costanti riscontrate nella relazione tra voce e movimento. L'indagine deriva dal presupposto, a me suggerito dalla pratica e dallo scambio con maestri e performer, e qui approfondito e restituito a livello teorico, che nella danza e nel canto, nell'espressione attraverso il movimento o attraverso la voce, si riflettono gli stessi principi. La tesi è articolata in tre capitoli: i primi due sviluppano le linee di indagine comparata, prima da un punto di vista filosofico e poi da un punto di vista pratico, il terzo porta alla luce il concetto di gesto-vocale come inteso da Francesca della Monica, di cui questo studio rappresenta il primo contributo scientifico, aprendo una ricerca nuova agli studi di settore. Il primo capitolo, 'Risonanze', sviluppa le premesse filosofiche della questione, introduce il corpo come veicolo di voce e movimento, affronta il tema del movimento della voce nello spazio interno del corpo e nello spazio di relazione. Legge poi il movimento in termini temporali, secondo i concetti di istante, ritmo, forma e flusso. Il secondo capitolo, 'Costanti', espone le costanti concrete della relazione voce-movimento in riferimento allo spazio interno del corpo, all'azione, allo spazio esterno di relazione. Il terzo capitolo, 'Confini', analizza il gesto vocale, come inteso da Francesca della Monica, concetto sintesi dell'intera ricerca poiché integra, nella sua essenza, il movimento fisico e vocale, restituendo e approfondendo lo spettro di riflessioni emerse nei primi due capitoli. Il gesto vocale, nella sua accezione espressiva, così come il lavoro di Francesca della Monica, è ancora estraneo agli studi di settore e trova in questo studio un primo contributo accademico. Le fonti sono quelle dell'insegnamento orale di Francesca della Monica, che ho seguito per nove anni, fino a desumerne una mia personale sistematizzazione, integrata con altri punti di vista critici. Analizzo i diversi livelli di profondità del gesto vocale scandendo il tema secondo la categoria della relazione: relazioni motorie, relazioni materiche, relazioni spaziali, temporali, compositive e sinestesiche. Le fonti della ricerca sono scaturite da due sorgenti, quella sul campo, e quella della teoria, confluite qui in un unico flusso. Le fonti 'in presa diretta' sono state avvalorate e confrontate con le fonti relative agli studi di settore (in particolare per la filosofia Giovanni Piana, Carlo Serra, Merleau-Ponty, per il teatro, il canto e la danza Grotowski, Laban, Dalcroze, Tomatis) e le bodywork techniques (Kinesiologia, Body-mind centering, metodo Alexander, metodo Feldenkrais). Ampio spazio viene dato alla grecità antica, che propone sull'espressione di voce e movimento un pensiero integrato carico di speculazioni che racchiudono in nuce i principi sviluppati. Lo studio tenta di offrire un livello di lettura idoneo a suscitare l'interesse del performer, e a valere come momento di indagine per lo studioso, che possa da queste basi operare approfondimenti sulle connessioni proposte. L'obiettivo è restituire la conoscenza, intuita in virtù della pratica, elaborata ed arricchita grazie alla teoria, su un nodo fondamentale per gli studi teatrali e recente oggetto di attenzione da parte di critici e artisti.

Simulatore d’alba come possibile contromisura al social jetlag in adolescenza

L’obiettivo del presente progetto di ricerca era determinare se l’utilizzo non clinico del simulatore d’alba (un dispositivo che emette luce in graduale aumento prima del risveglio), basato su specifiche conoscenze cronobiologiche, potesse ridurre alcune delle conseguenze del social jetlag, in studenti di scuola secondaria di secondo grado. A tal fine, sono stati valutati gli effetti del simulatore d’alba su tono dell’umore (valutato soggettivamente tramite la Global and Vigor Affect Scale-GVA), livelli di attivazione (valutati soggettivamente tramite la GVA), qualità/quantità di sonno (valutate oggettivamente e soggettivamente tramite attigrafia e Mini Sleep Questionnaire-MSQ), architettura del sonno (valutata oggettivamente tramite Zeo®) ed efficienza dei tre network attentivi (alerting, orienting ed executive), valutata oggettivamente tramite l’Attention Network Test (ANT). In totale, hanno preso parte alla ricerca 56 adolescenti (24 femmine e 32 maschi), frequentanti due istituti di scuola secondaria di secondo grado nella città di Cesena, la cui età media era di 17.68 anni (range d’età 15-20 anni). Ad ogni studente è stata richiesta una partecipazione di 5 settimane consecutive ed il disegno di ricerca prevedeva 3 condizioni sperimentali: baseline, simulatore d’alba e controllo. All’MSQ, in seguito all’utilizzo del simulatore d’alba, sono state osservate una minore percezione di sonnolenza diurna, una frequenza inferiore di risvegli notturni ed una riduzione del numero di partecipanti che presentavano una cattiva qualità della veglia. All’ANT, è stato documentato un significativo miglioramento dell’efficienza del network attentivo dell’alerting, successivo all’impiego del simulatore d’alba, dovuto ad una maggiore reattività dei partecipanti in seguito alla comparsa del double cue, che anticipava la presentazione del target (freccia centrale di cui i partecipanti dovevano giudicare la direzione). Tali risultati convergono nell’evidenziare la capacità del simulatore d’alba di esercitare un effetto attivante/stimolante, mostrando dunque come esso possa essere considerato uno strumento potenzialmente utilizzabile quale contromisura al social jetlag in adolescenza.

La farmacogenetica della narcolessia: comorbidità psichiatriche e risvolti in sanità pubblica

La farmacogenetica fornisce un importante strumento utile alla prescrizione farmacologica, migliorando l’efficacia terapeutica ed evitando le reazioni avverse. Il citocromo P450 gioca un ruolo centrale nel metabolismo di molti farmaci utilizzati nella pratica clinica e il suo polimorfismo genetico spiega in gran parte le differenze interindividuali nella risposta ai farmaci. Con riferimento alla terapia della narcolessia, occorre premettere che la narcolessia con cataplessia è una ipersonnia del Sistema Nervoso Centrale caratterizzata da eccessiva sonnolenza diurna, cataplessia, paralisi del sonno, allucinazioni e sonno notturno disturbato. Il trattamento d’elezione per la narcolessia include stimolanti dopaminergici per la sonnolenza diurna e antidepressivi per la cataplessia, metabolizzati dal sistema P450. Peraltro, poiché studi recenti hanno attestato un’alta prevalenza di disturbi alimentari nei pazienti affetti da narcolessia con cataplessia, è stata ipotizzata una associazione tra il metabolismo ultrarapido del CYP2D6 e i disturbi alimentari. Lo scopo di questa ricerca è di caratterizzare il polimorfismo dei geni CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP3A4, CYP3A5 e ABCB1 coinvolti nel metabolismo e nel trasporto dei farmaci in un campione di 108 pazienti affetti da narcolessia con cataplessia, e valutare il fenotipo metabolizzatore in un sottogruppo di pazienti che mostrano un profilo psicopatologico concordante con la presenza di disturbi alimentari. I risultati hanno mostrato che il fenotipo ultrarapido del CYP2D6 non correla in maniera statisticamente significativa con i disturbi alimentari, di conseguenza il profilo psicopatologico rilevato per questo sottogruppo di pazienti potrebbe essere parte integrante del fenotipo sintomatologico della malattia. I risultati della tipizzazione di tutti i geni analizzati mostrano un’alta frequenza di pazienti con metabolismo intermedio, elemento potenzialmente in grado di influire sulla risposta terapeutica soprattutto in caso di regime politerapico, come nel trattamento della narcolessia. In conclusione, sarebbe auspicabile l’esecuzione del test farmacogenetico in pazienti affetti da narcolessia con cataplessia.

Structure, Dynamics and Reactivity in the Organic Solid State: Anthracene Derivatives and Charge Transfer Crystals

The work presented in this thesis tackles some important points concerning the collective properties of two typical categories of molecular crystals, i.e., anthracene derivatives and charge transfer crystals. Anthracene derivatives have constituted the class of materials from which systematical investigations of crystal-to-crystal photodimerization reactions started, developed and have been the subject of a new awakening in the recent years. In this work some of these compounds, namely, 9-cyanoanthacene, 9-anthacenecarboxylic acid and 9-methylanthracene, have been selected as model systems for a phenomenological approach to some key properties of the solid state, investigated by spectroscopic methods. The present results show that, on the basis of the solid state organization and the chemical nature of each compound, photo-reaction dynamics and kinetics display distinctive behaviors, which allows for a classification of the various processes in topochemical, non topochemical, reversible or topophysical. The second part of the thesis was focused on charge transfer crystals, binary systems formed by stoichiometric combinations of the charge donating perylene (D) and the charge accepting tetracyano-quinodimethane (A), this latter also in its fluorinated derivatives. The work was focused on the growth of single crystals, some of which not yet reported in the literature, by PVT technique. Structural and spectroscopic characterizations have been performed, with the aim of determining the degree of charge transfer between donor and acceptor in the co-crystals. An interesting outcome of the systematic search performed in this work is the definition of the experimental conditions which drive the crystal growth of the binary systems either towards the low (1:1) or the high ratio (3:1 or 3:2) stoichiometries.

When Beauty Goes to Sleep: an analysis of the symbolism behind the sleeping beauty tale

Approaching the world of the fairy tale as an adult, one soon realizes that things are not what they once seemed during story time in bed. Something that once appeared so innocent and simple can become rather complex when digging into its origin. A kiss, for example, can mean something else entirely. I can clearly remember my sister, who is ten years older than I am, telling me that the fairy tales I was told had a mysterious hidden meaning I could not understand. I was probably 9 or 10 when she told me that the story of Sleeping Beauty, which I used to love so much in Disney’s rendering, was nothing more than the story of an adolescent girl, with all the necessary steps needed to become a woman, the bleeding of menstruation and the sexual awakening - even though she did not really put it in these terms. This shocking news troubled me for a while, so much so that I haven’t watched that movie since. But in reality it was not fear that my sister had implanted in me: it was curiosity, the feeling that I was missing something terribly important behind the words and images. But it was not until last year during my semester abroad in Germany, where I had the chance to take a very interesting English literature seminar, that I fully understood what I had been looking for all these years. Thanks to what I learned from the work of Bruno Bettelheim, Jack Zipes, Vladimir Propp, and many other authors that wrote extensively about the subject, I feel I finally have the right tools to really get to know this fairy tale. But what I also know now is that the message behind fairy tales is not to be searched for behind only one version: on the contrary, since they come from oral traditions and their form was slowly shaped by centuries of recountals and retellings, the more one digs, the more complete the understanding of the tale will be. I will therefore look for Sleeping Beauty’s hidden meaning by looking for the reason why it did stick so consistently throughout time. To achieve this goal, I have organized my analysis in three chapters: in the first chapter, I will analyze the first known literary version of the tale, the French Perceforest, and then compare it with the following Italian version, Basile’s Sun, Moon, and Talia; in the second chapter, I will focus on the most famous and by now classical literary versions of Sleeping Beauty, La Belle Au Bois Dormant, written by the Frenchman, Perrault, and the German Dornröschen, recorded by the Brothers Grimm’s; finally, in the last chapter, I will analyze Almodovar’s film Talk to Her as a modern rewriting of this tale, which after a closer look, appears closely related to the earliest version of the story, Perceforest.

Selective REM sleep deprivation in narcolepsy

Narcolepsy is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep abnormalities, including cataplexy. The aim of this study was to assess REM sleep pressure and homeostasis in narcolepsy. Six patients with narcolepsy and six healthy controls underwent a REM sleep deprivation protocol, including one habituation, one baseline, two deprivation nights (D1, D2) and one recovery night. Multiple sleep latency tests (MSLTs) were performed during the day after baseline and after D2. During D1 and D2 REM sleep was prevented by awakening the subjects at the first polysomnographic signs of REM sleep for 2 min. Mean sleep latency and number of sleep-onset REM periods (SOREMs) were determined on all MSLT. More interventions were required to prevent REM sleep in narcoleptics compared with control subjects during D1 (57 ± 16 versus 24 ± 10) and D2 (87 ± 22 versus 35 ± 8, P = 0.004). Interventions increased from D1 to D2 by 46% in controls and by 53% in narcoleptics (P < 0.03). Selective REM sleep deprivation was successful in both controls (mean reduction of REM to 6% of baseline) and narcoleptics (11%). Both groups had a reduction of total sleep time during the deprivation nights (P = 0.03). Neither group had REM sleep rebound in the recovery night. Narcoleptics had, however, an increase in the number of SOREMs on MSLT (P = 0.005). There was no increase in the number of cataplexies after selective REM sleep deprivation. We conclude that: (i) REM sleep pressure is higher in narcoleptics; (ii) REM sleep homeostasis is similar in narcoleptics and controls; (iii) in narcoleptics selective REM sleep deprivation may have an effect on sleep propensity but not on cataplexy.

Eros and Transgression in an Age of Immanence: Georges Bataille’s (Religious) Critique of Kinsey

This paper explores the religious implications of eroticism in Western culture since the Sexual Revolution, a period at once applauded for its open and immanent view of sexuality and denounced for its shamelessness and promiscuity. After discussing the work and effects of Alfred C. Kinsey, the father of the Sexual Revolution, I focus on a critical appraisal of Kinsey written by French theorist Georges Bataille (“Kinsey, the Underworld and Work,” in L’Erotisme, 1957). Bataille situates contemporary Western sexuality within a larger historical movement towards the “desacralization” of all aspects of human life: sex, under the scientific gaze of the Kinsey team, became simply another “object” to be analyzed and classified, and “good” sex defined solely in terms of frequency and explosiveness of orgasm. For many, including Hugh Hefner, this approach to sex occasioned a refreshing awakening from the long dark night of Victorian sexual repression. However, as Bataille’s protégé Foucault has shown, the scientific approach to sexuality often masks a desire to control and delimit sexual behaviour, not “liberate” it. Moreover, Bataille makes the point that the desacralization of sexuality denudes sex of a vital component—eroticism—which is necessary for real pleasure and ecstasy. Beyond the “moral” critiques one often hears leveled against Kinsey and his work, Bataille provides a “religious” critique, one that stands, perhaps surprisingly, on the “near side” of sexuality.

Safety of endovascular treatment beyond the 6-h time window in 205 patients

Background and purpose Intra-arterial treatment (IAT) is effective when performed within 6 h of symptom onset in selected stroke patients (‘T < 6H’). Its safety and efficacy is unclear when the patient has had symptoms for more than 6 h (‘T > 6H’) or for an unknown time (unclear-onset stroke, UOS), or woke up with a stroke (wake-up stroke, WUS). In this study we compared the safety of IAT in these four patient groups. Methods Eight-hundred and fifty-nine patients treated with IAT were enrolled. The main outcome parameters were clinical outcome [excellent: modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0 or 1; or favorable: mRS 0–2] or mortality 3 months after treatment. Further outcome parameters were the rates of vessel recanalization, and cerebral and systemic hemorrhage. Results Six-hundred and fifty-four patients were treated before (T < 6H) and 205 after 6 h or an unknown time (128 T > 6H, 55 WUS and 22 UOS). NIHSS scores were higher in UOS patients than in T < 6H patients, vertebrobasilar occlusion was more common in T > 6H and UOS patients, and middle cerebral artery occlusions less common in T > 6H than in T < 6H patients. Other baseline characteristics were similar. There was no significant difference in clinical outcome and the rate of hemorrhage in multivariable regression analysis. Conclusions Clinical outcome of our four groups of patients was similar with no increase of hemorrhage rates in patients treated after awakening, after an unknown time or more than 6 h. Our preliminary data suggest that treatment of such patients may be performed safely. If confirmed in randomized trials, this would have major clinical implications.

Mending The Mind With Dharma

Anxiety, depression, and tragedy are all unavoidable aspects of existence that we find ourselves grappling with at some point in our lives. In those darker moments we often look beyond ourselves for a means to cope with our struggles in the hopes of transcending into enhanced states of being. The world¿s religions have provided various answers to problems of mental and physical affliction. Across cultures and throughout history, numerous techniques for ¿mending the mind¿ have emerged, conditioned by a number of factors, including the normative values of a society as well as the scientific advances and technologies available for therapeutic application. Buddhism encompasses a broad tradition of beliefs, practices, and philosophies that, taken together, aim at eliminating suffering from the human experience. It is suggested that anyone who comes to understand and practice Buddhist teachings¿Dharma¿will rise out of the life of suffering and into a condition of awakening or nirvana. With this as an intended goal, a person who is unfulfilled in their life or who is experiencing feelings of depression will, it might be assumed, find great potential in turning to Buddhism as means for alleviation of these states. In contemporary western society, however, the most common route for eliminating emotional distress is to take antidepressant medication, which aims for immediate relief of the negative feelings and experiences that arise from depression. As I will argue, while this may be a successful approach to masking unwanted feelings, it in fact fails to treat the actual roots or cause of the undesirable experiences. Moreover, such a ¿therapeutic¿ approach lacks any aspect geared towards developing a consistently rewarding lifestyle. I will argue that the incorporation of Dharma¿both a set of ideas and as a form of practices¿into daily routines and modes of thinking provides the means for a balanced lifestyle, allowing the individual to relieve suffering and depression in a manner that the narrow scope of western medicine cannot provide.

Cortisol levels and history of depression in acute coronary syndrome patients

BACKGROUND: Depressed mood following an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a risk factor for future cardiac morbidity. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation is associated with depression, and may be a process through which depressive symptoms influence later cardiac health. Additionally, a history of depression predicts depressive symptoms in the weeks following ACS. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a history of depression and/or current depression are associated with the HPA axis dysregulation following ACS. METHOD: A total of 152 cardiac patients completed a structured diagnostic interview, a standardized depression questionnaire and a cortisol profile over the day, 3 weeks after an ACS. Cortisol was analysed using: the cortisol awakening response (CAR), total cortisol output estimated using the area under the curve method, and the slope of cortisol decline over the day. RESULTS: Total cortisol output was positively associated with history of depression, after adjustment for age, gender, marital status, ethnicity, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), Global Registry of Acute Cardiac Events (GRACE) risk score, days in hospital, medication with statins and antiplatelet compounds, and current depression score. Men with clinically diagnosed depression after ACS showed a blunted CAR, but the CAR was not related to a history of depression. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with a history of depression showed increased total cortisol output, but this is unlikely to be responsible for associations between depression after ACS and later cardiac morbidity. However, the blunted CAR in patients with severe depression following ACS indicates that HPA dysregulation is present.

"Progressiver Islam" im ausgehenden Zarenreich: Das Plädoyer des St. Petersburger Imams und Regierungsbeamten Ataulla Bajazitov (1846-1911) für die Partizipation der Muslime an der modernen Zivilisation

Ataulla Bajazitov (1846-1911) fulfilled a social double role by serving his Tatar community in St. Petersburg as imam and the Russian state as military Muslim ‘cleric’, translator and teacher. By founding Russia’s first monolingual Tatar newspaper, initiating St. Petersburg’s first Friday mosque and presenting scriptural and rational arguments for the compatibility of Islam and the modern Civilization to a Russian-speaking public as early as 1883, he has been a pioneer among the Muslims in Russia in several respects. In contrast though to similar activities of his Russian contemporary, the Krim Tatar Ismail Gasprinskii (1851-1914), Bajazitov’s endeavours have remained almost unnoticed in Western scholarship. Also in Tatarstan, his books have been only recently reprinted. The present study analyzes Bajazitov’s three monographs written in Russian, namely A Response to Ernest Renan’s lecture “Islam and Science” (1883), The Relationship of Islam towards Science and People of Different Faith (1887) and Islam and Progress (1898). There, he exposes many positions that around that time started to become key arguments of Muslim reformers in the Near East for the progressivness of Islam. The study takes also into account reactions to Bajazitov’s monographs by Russian officers in Tashkent who tried to demonstrate the backwardness of Islam, especially Nikolai Petrovič Ostroumov’s (1846-1930) response in his book entitled Quran and Progress – On the intellectual awakening of today’s Russian Muslims (1901/1903).

Polonofilizm i polskość wśród czeskich emancypantek w drugiej połowie XIX wieku: przykład Karoliny Světlej

The awakening of national consciousness went hand in hand in Bohemia with an anxiety about national disappearance. In this context, the recourse to Pan-Slavism was for the Czechs a way to encourage themselves through the idea of belonging to a great Slavic world, while the Slavic Congress organized in Prague in 1848 was an attempt to realize this ideal. The Congress was a failure from the political point of view, but it did have some socio-cultural repercussions: notably, it served as a pretext for the advancement of women's issues in Bohemia. It is indeed in the wake of the Congress that Honorata z Wiśniowskich Zapová, a Polish women settled in Prague after her marriage to a Czech intellectual, founded, under the guise of collaboration between all Slavic women, the first women's association, as well as a (very short-lived) Czech-Polish institute, where Czech, as well as Polish girls, could get a quality education in their mother tongue. Honorata was undoubtedly the source of the polonophilia wind that seemed to blow over the Czech emancipation movement in the second half of the nineteenth century. In particular, Karolina Světlá showed in her Memoirs a great recognition for Honorata's efforts in matters of emancipation and education, and explicitly took up the challenge launched by the latter in founding another women's association and in inaugurating a school for underprivileged girls. But the tribute Světlá paid to Honorata is even more evident in her literary work, where Poland and the Polish woman (who often wears Honorata's features) play a significant role (see for example her short novel Sisters or her story A Few Days in the Life of a Prague Dandy). Světlá was probably the Czech feminist writer who, in her activities and in her work, relied most strongly on the Polish woman as a model for the Czech woman. However, she wasn't alone. In general, it was a characteristic of the Czech feminist movement of the second half of the nineteenth century to have recourse to the Polish woman and to Poland as a landmark for comparison and as a goal to be achieved.