Leishmaniose Visceral Americana: (Relatorio dos trabalhos realisados pela commissão encarregada do estudo da Leishmaniose Visceral Americana em 1937)

A Leishmania chagasi localisa-se principalmente nas cellulas reticulo-endotheliaaes dos tecidos. No sangue peripherico, o protozoario é visto com maior facilidade nos periodos iniciaes da infecção, quando pode ser observado livre, mais frequentemente no plasma de polynucleares e raramente no interior de macrophagos. Nas phases ulteriores, o parasito é raro no sangue peripherico e, quando encontrado, acha-se localisado no plasma de cellulas mononucleares. No interior dos leucocytos polynucleares apresentam as leishmanias signaes evidentes de degeneração, emquanto que nos macrophagos manteem o aspecto morphologico normal e as formas de multiplicação ocorrem com frequencia. Nos periodos agudos predominam os aspectos histo-pathologicos que traduzem intensa actividade do systema reticulo-endothelial e, nos periodos chronicos, a proliferação do tecido intesticial. O quadro hematologico é o de uma anemia sem signaes periphericos de regeneração. Os orgãos hematopoieticos demonstram signaes de perturbação funccional traduzida pelo exaggero da actividade que, entretanto, não leva á elaboração completa de globulos vermelhos, e á formação de granulocytos em número sufficiente. O quadro evolutivo da doença é o de uma anemia progressiva accompanhada de cachexia.

Dados estatísticos de viscerotomia sobre doenças e condições mórbidas do homem no Brasil: I. Schistosomose Mansônica no período de 1937-1946

Examination of 267.107 liver specimens obtained in Brazil by viscerotomy during from 1937 to 1946 inclusive revealed 5,953 Schistosoma mansoni infe¬ctions. This represents 2.23% ± 0.019 of the total number of livers studied. Data on the incidence of the disease is tabulated by states and municipios. Infected livers were found in all of the states and territories except the Territory of Amapá. Schistosomiasis is widespread in Brazil with highest incidence in the states of the Northeast. The disease is quite common in Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais as well. A study of the age distribution of cases of intestinal schistosomiasis observed among liver specimens obtained in the year 1938 showed a low inci¬dence on young children with a peak of prevalence in the 10 to 19 year age group. The purpose of this contribution is to call attention of the health autho¬rities to the extent and gravity of the problem of intestinal schistosomiasis in Brazil.

Notas de ixodologia: V - A propósito da validade de algumas espécies do gênero Amblyomma do continente americano (Acari: Ixodídoe)

a) The species Amblyomma tapiri Tonelli Rondelli, 1937 and Amblyomma finitimum Tonelli Rondelli, 1937 are synonymous with Amblyomma cajennense Fabricius, 1787. Both species are based in differences of size, colour, punctations and form of the dorsal shield, presence or absence of ventral plates, size, form and direction of the spine of coxa IV. Such differences prouved to be only variations frequently observed in large lots or in cultures of Amblyomma cajennense. The revalidation of Koch's species Amblyomma tenellum Koch, 1844 and Amblyomma mixtum Koch, 1844 proposed by TONELLI RONDELLI as also of Amblyomma sculptum Berlese, 1888 and Amblyomma versicolor Nuttal et Warburton, 1908 cannot be accepted by the same reasons. b) Amblyomma beccari Tonelli Rondelli, 1939 and Amblyomma latepunctatum Tonelli Rondelli, 1939 are cospecific with Amblyomma scalpturatum Neumann, 1899 the same being true for Amblyomma myrmecophagium Schulze, 1935 and for Amblyomma brasiliense var. guianense Floch et Abonnenc, 1940, as previously stated. c) Amblyomma tasquei Floch et Abonnenc, 1940 is a good species but synonym with Amblyomma romitii Tonelli Rondelli, 1939 which has priority. d) Amblyomma curruca Schulze, 1936 is a synonym of Amblyomma parvum Aragão, 1908. e) Amblyomma deminutivum Neumann, 1899 represents a variation of Amblyomma dissimile Koch, 1844, a species whose internal spine of coxa IV may be poorly developed or even absent. f) Amblyomma nigrum Tonelli Rondelli, 1939 prouved to be synonym with Amblyomma paccae Aragao, 1911 the type representing a blackish specimen of the later species. g) Amblyomma brimonti Neumann, 1913 is a synonym of Amblyomma humerale Koch, 1844.