Eco-evolutionary Dynamics of Individual-Based Food Webs

The past decade has seen the rise of high resolution datasets. One of the main surprises of analysing such data has been the discovery of a large genetic, phenotypic and behavioural variation and heterogeneous metabolic rates among individuals within natural populations. A parallel discovery from theory and experiments has shown a strong temporal convergence between evolutionary and ecological dynamics, but a general framework to analyse from individual-level processes the convergence between ecological and evolutionary dynamics and its implications for patterns of biodiversity in food webs has been particularly lacking. Here, as a first approximation to take into account intraspecific variability and the convergence between the ecological and evolutionary dynamics in large food webs, we develop a model from population genomics and microevolutionary processes that uses sexual reproduction, genetic-distance-based speciation and trophic interactions. We confront the model with the prey consumption per individual predator, species-level connectance and prey–predator diversity in several environmental situations using a large food web with approximately 25,000 sampled prey and predator individuals. We show higher than expected diversity of abundant species in heterogeneous environmental conditions and strong deviations from the observed distribution of individual prey consumption (i.e. individual connectivity per predator) in all the environmental conditions. The observed large variance in individual prey consumption regardless of the environmental variability collapsed species-level connectance after small increases in sampling effort. These results suggest (1) intraspecific variance in prey–predator interactions has a strong effect on the macroscopic properties of food webs and (2) intraspecific variance is a potential driver regulating the speed of the convergence between ecological and evolutionary dynamics in species-rich food webs. These results also suggest that genetic–ecological drift driven by sexual reproduction, equal feeding rate among predator individuals, mutations and genetic-distance-based speciation can be used as a neutral food web dynamics test to detect the ecological and microevolutionary processes underlying the observed patterns of individual and species-based food webs at local and macroecological scales.

Kurt Stieler, Rollenbild, Hüftbild, in: Ludwig Fulda: Novella d'Andrea

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F06670

Robert Vom Scheidt als Graf Andrea Vitelozzo Tamare {[u.a.], Szenenfoto, Gruppenbildnis, in: Franz Schreker: Die Gezeichneten, Frankfurt a. M., 1918

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F07708

Robert Vom Scheidt als Graf Andrea Vitelozzo Tamare {[u.a.], Szenenfoto, Gruppenbildnis, in: Franz Schreker: Die Gezeichneten, Frankfurt a. M., 1918

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F07710

Andrea Gabriel, Luigi Malipiero, Szenenfoto, Brustbild, Doppelbildnis, in: Pedro Calderón de la Barca: Der wundertätige Magier

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F08614

Andrea Campra, Brustbild

Signatur des Originals: S 36/G00578

Ms. lat. oct. 255 - Gregor XV. Andrea Cardoini. Schlacht um Canea. Pasquinata. Trascorso indifferente.

Die Foliierung geht nur bis Bl. 325; zusätzlich gibt es die Blätter 84a, 95a, 102a und 320a.

Iron (Fe) concentrations and fluxes in TALDICE ice core 0.6 to 314 ky BP

Atmospheric fluxes of iron (Fe) over the past 200 kyr are reported for the coastal Antarctic Talos Dome ice core, based on acid leachable Fe concentrations. Fluxes of Fe to Talos Dome were consistently greater than those at Dome C, with the greatest difference observed during interglacial climates. We observe different Fe flux trends at Dome C and Talos Dome during the deglaciation and early Holocene, attributed to a combination of deglacial activation of dust sources local to Talos Dome and the reorganisation of atmospheric transport pathways with the retreat of the Ross Sea ice shelf. This supports similar findings based on dust particle sizes and fluxes and Rare Earth Element fluxes. We show that Ca and Fe should not be used as quantitative proxies for mineral dust, as they all demonstrate different deglacial trends at Talos Dome and Dome C. Considering that a 20 ppmv decrease in atmospheric CO2 at the coldest part of the last glacial maximum occurs contemporaneously with the period of greatest Fe and dust flux to Antarctica, we confirm that the maximum contribution of aeolian dust deposition to Southern Ocean sequestration of atmospheric CO2 is approximately 20 ppmv.

Andrea Czortek - Mario Mattei - Ceclia Pallone, Gli Agostiniani a Sansepolcro e il Beato Angelo Scarpetti, Tolentino, Biblioteca Egidiana, 2009, Págs.156 c/ ilustraciones a color

Fil: Guzmán, D. Pablo.

Manuel Vázquez Montalbán, Andrea Camilleri y Paco Ignacio Taibo II. Una lectura de la filiación

Una de las facetas de Manuel Vázquez Montalbán es la de ser reconocido como iniciador de prácticas discursivas que se manifiestan renovadas en escritores de otras latitudes. Tal es el caso de Paco Ignacio Taibo II y Andrea Camilleri quienes han declarado explícitamente sus aprovechamientos literarios de algunos rasgos de la obra del español. La cuestión de la filiación resulta clave para pensar estas relaciones. La filiación pasa por lo menos por dos meridianos identificables. El primero es la dimensión política dirimida en términos policiales y el segundo, pasa por la presencia de un actor detective que encarna la otra gran filiación: la novela negra americana. En su paso a través de la escritura de VM se hace carne en Carvalho-Biscuter, para proliferar luego en los conjuntos de detectives sicilianos y mexicanos.