Protokoll der Gewässerschau in Kassel am 19. April 2005

Bei der Begehung von Olebach, Losse und Alte Losse wurden der ökomorphologische Zustand von Sohle, Böschung, Linienführung, Verzahnung von Wasser und Land und der Ufergehölze sowie die Landnutzung notiert. Einleitungen von Abwässern und die Ablagerung von Abfällen auf Böschung und Ufer wurde protokolliert. Wassertemperatur und elektrische Leitfähigkeit wurden an mehreren Punkten gemessen. Die Leitfähigkeitswerte werden vor dem Hintergrund der Geologie der Einzugsgebiete interpretiert und zur chemischen Indikation von diffusen und punktförmigen Einleitungen genutzt. Es werden Maßnahmen zur Renaturierung, Maßnahmen gegen die Ablagerung von Gartenabfällen auf Ufer und Böschung, Maßnahmen gegen die ackerbauliche Nutzung und Bebauung im Gewässerrandstreifen vorgeschlagen.

Aplicació del càlcul d’esforços en 2n ordre en estructures metàl·liques segons el CTE i NBE-EA-95

Aquest estudi se centra en el document del CTE que es refereix a les estructures metàl·liques d’acer, concretament en els càlculs a tenir en compte a l’hora de realitzar pòrtics d’estructura d’edificació amb perfils metàl·lics laminats. Aquest document és el DB-SE-A, que són les sigles de “Document Bàsic Seguretat Estructural Acer”. Aquest document introdueix algunes modificacions en el mètode de càlcul de les estructures metàl·liques respecte l’antiga norma. La idea d’aquest estudi és fer una comparació entre les dues normes – la vella i ja derogada, i la nova i vigent – i com tracten el càlcul d’esforços en segon ordre i el tractament de les imperfeccions. Com ja s’ha comentat aquest Document Bàsic de la Seguretat Estructural en Acer del CTE (DB-SE-A) substitueix l’antiga norma que es referia al càlcul d’estructura metàl·lica, la NBE-EA-95. En l’aplicació de les accions i el càlcul d’esforços s’utilitza del CTE el Document Bàsic dedicat a les accions en l’edificació (DB-SE-AE) i que substitueix l’antiga NBE-AE-88

Aproximación a la asociatividad y la estructuración de redes basadas en confianza en instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud

En este documento se concentra en un análisis sobre la asociatividad y la conformación de redes empresariales en dos instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud del municipio de Tenjo Cundinamarca. En la primera parte se desarrolla el estado de la asociatividad con un enfoque de red, se plantea los objetivos, la justificación y los alcances de la investigación. En el segunda parte se hace alusión al marco teórico, marco legal, sistema general de seguridad social en salud, y la importancia que tiene las asociaciones empresariales, cooperación, participación y la confianza en las instituciones de salud; haciendo mención sobre clusters, alianzas y ecosistemas empresariales. En la tercera parte se realizó el marco metodológico de la investigación, análisis de resultado de las entrevistas, se describen las organizaciones objeto de este estudio. En la cuarta parte se realizan la discusión de la investigación, y se presentan las conclusiones que los autores de este estudio han presentado sobre la confianza fortalecida y la obligación prolongada de las empresas en el tiempo. Finamente, esta investigación presenta un punto de partida para la conformación de modelos que integren varias empresas, que puedan mejorar la competitividad, en las instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud, permitiendo el acercando de los procesos del área administrativa con el área asistencia, en procura de brindar un mejoramiento continuo en la atención de los pacientes y su grupo familiar.

Sustain Cycle

En la búsqueda de preservar el medio ambiente y estandarizar la disposición final de los residuos generados, Sustain Cycle nace como un gestor de residuos de aceite vegetal usado, reforzando la carente oferta del mercado. Fortaleciendo el compromiso de los generadores de este residuo además de una reducción de costos, la creación de Sustain Cycle se desarrolla bajo la figura jurídica de Fundación, deduciendo en los contribuyentes del impuesto el valor de las donaciones efectuadas. El aporte ambiental se basa en minimizar el riesgo de una mala disposición en la red de alcantarillado y su componente social se enfoca en evitar la reutilización ilegal y perjudicial para el consumidor. Sustain Cycle se centra en la recolección, acopio, filtrado y comercialización del AVU generado por todos los establecimientos comerciales que produzcan alimentos como papas a la francesa, empanadas, buñuelos, churros, plátanos y demás productos que requieran del aceite para su cocción.

La construcción de la política exterior de Rusia hacia Serbia: entre el pragmatismo y el Eurasianismo (2007-2015)

Esta monografía defenderá que la Rusia contemporánea cuenta con una ideología formada a partir de los elementos imperiales y religiosos previos a la Unión Soviética además de elementos políticos propios de la URSS como la colectividad y la oposición a occidente. La Rusia de Putin ha recobrado sus capacidades para defender sus intereses en el mundo frente a la injerencia de occidente, y en el caso de Serbia esto se hará evidente a través de la importancia de los lazos culturales e históricos reforzados por los vínculos económicos y estratégicos que representa la presencia de Rusia en Serbia. Los principales autores sobre los que se trabajará son Alexander Dugin y Alexander Panarin.

Dihydroisocoumarin from Xyris pterygoblephara active against dermatophyte fungi

The ethanol extract from Xyris pteygoblephara aerial parts was evaluated against five microorganism strains, by the microdilution and agar diffusion methods. Extract fractionation led to the isolation of three compounds, whose structures were assigned by spectrometric data (113 and 2D NMR, IR, MS and UV) as (3R,4R)-(-)-6-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-3-n-pentil-4-acethoxy-1H-2-benzopyran-1-one (1), moronic acid and quercetin. The absolute configuration of I was defined by circular dichroism spectroscopy and comparison with data reported for other dihydroisocoumarins. Assay of 1 (100 mu g/disc) by the agar diffusion method against clinical isolates of the dermatophytes Epidermophyton floccosum (inhibition zone, mm +/- s.d.: 4.5 +/- 0.8), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (4.8 +/- 0.4) and Trichophyton rubrum (10.2 +/- 0.8) revealed similar inhibition zones to the positive control amphotericin B (32 mu g/disc; 5.0 +/- 0.2; 5.0 +/- 0.6 and 8.8 +/- 1.2, respectively). The result corroborates the ethnomedical use of Xyris species to treat dermatitis. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Freqüência e etiologia das dermatomicoses em pacientes atendidos no Hospital Giselda Trigueiro, Natal, RN

Dermatomycoses are fungal infections that attack the skin, hair and nails, in addition to the mucosal and cutaneous-mucosal zones. Objective: Observe the frequency of dermatomycoses, identify etiological agents and establish an association between the results and sex. Age, collection site, time and lesion location. Methods: Between February, 2002 and December, 2004, samples were collected from patients at Giselda Trigueiro Hospital in Natal, Brazil, by lesion scraping and hair removal, following 70% alcohol disinfection, and submitted to direct and culture examination. Results: Of the 817 lesions collected, 325 (39.8%) were fungus positive, with the hair collection site yielding the highest number of positive results (65.8%) and the scalp and hair representing the most frequent lesion sites (65.9%). Negative results occurred mainly in the lower limbs (78.6%). Of the species identified, 55.9% were yeasts, 41.6% dermatophytes and 2.5% Fusarium spp. Non-albicans Candida was the most isolated yeast (43.3%), mainly in females (61.7%) over the age of 40 years (56.4%). T. rubrum was the most isolated dermatophyte (67.9%),notably in males (59.2%) in the 0-20 age group (44.7%). With respect to collection site, 73.9% of the dermatophytes were present in the skin and 61.1% of the yeasts in the nails. When assessing the collection site, the inguinocrural regional was 22.6% positive for dermatophytes, and the nails and hands, 41.8% for yeasts. Conclusions: The results obtained verified that: most of the positive lesions were found in the hair, whereas skin and nail lesions yielded more negative results; T. rubrum was the most isolated dermatophyte and non-albicans candida the most commonly found yeast; positivity was greater in males in the 0-20 year age group at the skin site and in the inguinocrural region, while yeasts were more frequent in females in the over-40 age group at the nail sites

Avaliação do sistema conservante em formulação com extrato hidroalcóolico de schinus terebinthifolius raddi nacardiaceae

Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi is used in the treatment of skin and mucosal injuries, infections of respiratory, digestive and genitourinary systems. Currently one of the biggest problems faced for the industry of phytopharmaceuticals with regard to the quality of raw materials is the microbial contamination. The aim this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial action of the hidroalcoholic extract of aroeira, beyond testing the effectiveness of the preservative system in hidrogel to the base of this extract. The extracts were prepared by maceration in the ratio of 1:10 of solvent plant/with alcohol 40%. The methods for microbial count were pour plate and test for specific microorganisms, analyzing in third copy each one of the samples. The antimicrobial activity of aroeira extracts was performed using an agar diffusion method, using strains of S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, B. subtilis, C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. guilliermondii, T. rubrum, M. gypseum, A. flavus and A. niger. The formula with aroeira was evaluated by the challenge test. This method consisted of artificial contamination the sample with separate inóculos of A. niger, C. albicans, E. coli e S. aureus aeruginosa and determinations of survivors for the method of counting for pour plate , during times 0, 24h, 48h, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days and 28 days. How much to the results, one verified that the extract of aroeira in the 13,5 concentration mg/mL presented antimicrobial activity for cepas of E. coli, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa e S. aureus, producing inhibition zone, on average with 13 mm of diameter. However it did not present no fungi activity. The formula with aroeira containig both methylparaben and propylparaben showed a good efficacy in challenge test front to strains of A. niger, C. albicans, E. coli, S. aureus. The A criteria of European Pharmacopoeia, adopted in this work, was verified that this product revealed the good preservative efficacy for the challenge test, time interval of the 28 days. However, it is interesting to extend this study, in order to carry through the sped up stability and the test of shelf, to establish the validity of this formularization

Dermatophytosis: association between ABO blood groups and reactivity to the trichophytin

Os autores investigaram a relação entre dermatofitose e grupo sanguíneo ABO através da tipagem sanguínea, identificação do dermatófito isolado e resposta imune celular específica de 40 indivíduos portadores desta micose. Verificaram que o fungo Trichophyton rubrum foi isolado em 54,5% dos pacientes, sendo mais frequente em indivíduos pertencentes ao grupo sanguíneo A. A resposta imune celular, avaliada através do antígeno tricofitina, foi positiva em 25% dos pacientes estudados; a presença de reações imediatas (30 min) foi verificada em 35%. A distribuição dos grupos sanguíneos entre pacientes com dermatofitose e grupo controle foi a seguinte: 47,5% x 36% grupo A, 40% x 50% grupo O, 12,5% x 11% grupo B. Embora os autores tenham encontrado um número maior de pacientes pertencentes ao grupo sanguíneo A e infectados pelo T. rubrum, não obtiveram evidência estatística de que esses indivíduos sejam mais suscetíveis as dermatofitoses.

Tinea capitis: epidemiologia e ecologia dos casos observados entre 1983 e 2003 na Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

FUNDAMENTOS: Tinea capitis é importante infecção fúngica de interesse dermatológico e pediátrico. No Brasil sua prevalência é desconhecida, e os agentes causais principais são o Trichophyton tonsurans nas regiões Norte-Nordeste e o Microsporum canis no Sul-Sudeste do país. Conhecimento sobre gênero e espécies mais prevalentes tem importância sanitária e terapêutica. OBJETIVOS: Identificar espécies de dermatófitos, causa de Tinea capitis, em serviço universitário que atende clientela do Sistema Único de Saúde, de procedência urbana e rural, no interior do Estado de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Amostras de casos clínicos suspeitos de Tinea capitis, procedentes da área de abrangência da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu-Unesp, foram investigadas por exame direto e cultivo visando ao diagnóstico e isolamento do agente causal. RESULTADOS: de 1.055 suspeitas, 594 foram confirmadas por exame direto, em 364 (61,1%) isolou-se o agente: M. canis em 88,2%, seguindo-se T. tonsurans (4,7%), T. rubrum (3,3%), M. gypseum (1,9%), T. mentagrophytes (1,6%). O sexo masculino correspondeu a 55,7% dos casos, e a faixa etária entre 0-5 anos predominou com 62,6% (p < 0,05). CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência detectada do M. canis superou o esperado para a Região Sudeste do Brasil. A freqüência de 88,2% pode estar influenciada por pacientes procedentes da zona rural. Esse dado deve ser considerado quando de decisão terapêutica.

Antifungal Activity of Maytenin and Pristimerin

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

The use of high frequency waves to treat onychomycosis-preliminary communication of three cases

The research evaluated the efficacy of high frequency waves in the treatment of onychomycosis in three patients during twelve months through the clinical examination of nails and also through mycological examination. The causative agent of the mycosis, in the three patients, was the dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum and after application of high frequency, it was possible to notice a great improvement in the appearance of nails and also growth inhibition in culture despite the fact that the mycological examination remained positive. The preliminary study of the three cases demonstrated that the fungistatic activity of high frequency waves is a promising method to be used in combination with conventional drugs.

Epidemiologia das dermatofitoses em instituições públicas da região de Araraquara - SP

Dermatophytosis on skin, hair and nails are the most common infectious process in the world. A total of 94 individuals from Public Institutions from the city of Araraquara - Sao Paulo/Brazil, with suspected of dermatophytic lesions were examined in order to determine the incidence and etiology of dermatophytosis. 105 specimens were collected from August to December of 2001 in the Mycology Laboratory of the Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas. It was observed that 47 samples were positive for dermatophytes. Trichophyton rubrum was the prevalent specie (59.6%), followed by Microsporum canis (17%), T. tonsurans (10.6%), T. mentagrophytes (8.5%) and Epidermophyton floccosum (4.3%). T. rubrum was the most frequent in interdigital lesions (81.5%) and M. canis was the main dermatophyte involved in scalp lesions (58.3%). Therefore, it was observed a predominance of antropophilic and zoophilic species, respectively. These results are in agreement with statistical data from South and Southeast regions of Brazil, as well as from other parts of the world in which these fungi were the most frequently isolates from tinea pedis and tinea capitis. In this study, it was also observed a high percentage of T. tonsurans (41.7%) in tinea capitis and this result was different from the statistical data collected until now in our region.

Cell immobilization improves isomaltulose production

The Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology at the Biological Sciences Department in Sao Paulo State University, Brazil is working to improve the technologies involved with isomaltulose production. The study evaluated enzymatic reaction parameters with the goal of improving isomaltulose production which is grown with a medium of 1% cane molasses and 0.5% yeast extract thereby using calcium alginate, glutaraldehyde and polyethyleneimine. The best results were obtained using P. rubrum immobilized pellets in calcium alginate with 705 and 60% sucrose solution. The developed technology apparently allows the reuse of the cell-containing enzymes more times compared to conventional technologies, which ultimately results in decreased costs. The researchers are also involved in alcohol and biopolymer production and seeking interested industrial collaborators.

Identificação de espécies fúngicas nas onicomicoses do idoso institucionalizado

BACKGROUND: Superficial fungal infections are caused by dermatophytes, yeasts or filamentous fungi. They are correlated to the etiologic agent, the level of integrity of the host immune response, the site of the lesion and also the injured tissue. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to isolate and to identify onychomycosis agents in institutionalized elderly (60 years old +). METHODS: The identification of the fungi relied upon the com-bined results of mycological examination, culture isolation and micro cultures observation under light microscopy from nail and interdigital scales, which were collected from 35 elderly with a clinical suspicion of onychomycosis and a control group (9 elderly with healthy interdigital space and nails). Both groups were insti-tutionalized in two nursing homes in Sao Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil. RESULTS: The nail scrapings showed 51.40% positivity. Of these, dermatophytes were found in 44.40% isolates, 27.78% identified as Trichophyton rubrum and 5.56% each as Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum gypseum. The second more conspicuous group showed 38.89% yeasts: 16.67% Candida guilliermondii, 11.11% Candida parapsilosis, 5.56% Candida glabrata, and 5.56% Trichosporon asahii. A third group displayed 16.70% filamen-tous fungi, like Fusarium sp, Aspergillus sp and Neoscytalidium sp (5.56% each). The interdigital scrapings pre-sented a positivity rate of 14.29%. The agents were coincident with the fungi that caused the onychomycosis. In the control group, Candida guilliermondii was found at interdigital space in one person. CONCLUSION: Employing a combination of those identification methods, we found no difference between the etiology of the institutional-ized elderly onychomycosis from that reported in the literature for the general population. © 2013 by Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia.